{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405515218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","title":"KidneyNet: A Novel CNN-Based Technique for the Automated Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Diseases from CT Scans","display_name":"KidneyNet: A Novel CNN-Based Technique for the Automated Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Diseases from CT Scans","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405515218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/electronics13244981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/24/4981/pdf?version=1734515853","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202905","display_name":"Electronics","issn_l":"2079-9292","issn":["2079-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/24/4981/pdf?version=1734515853","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019116175","display_name":"Saleh Naif Almuayqil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-7198","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-7198"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleh Naif Almuayqil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-7198","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002969283","display_name":"Sameh Abd El-Ghany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-5114","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-5114","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5903-3048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sameh Abd El-Ghany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-5114","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112276522","display_name":"A. A. Abd El-Aziz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-101X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-101X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. A. Abd El-Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-101X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066199951","display_name":"Mohammed Mahfouz Elmogy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-6051","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-6051"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Elmogy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-6051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002969283"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2728},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2728},"fwci":3.6904,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94354425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"24","first_page":"4981","last_page":"4981"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.4458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.4458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.22030000388622284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.12720000743865967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-stones","display_name":"kidney stones","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-cysts","display_name":"renal cysts","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-tumors","display_name":"kidney tumors","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grad-cam","display_name":"Grad-CAM","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"interpretability","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-detection","display_name":"early detection","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49743059277534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.48915722966194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48624885082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44793829321861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.34819719195365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3433871269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2166401445865631}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/electronics13244981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/24/4981/pdf?version=1734515853","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202905","display_name":"Electronics","issn_l":"2079-9292","issn":["2079-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/electronics13244981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13244981","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/24/4981/pdf?version=1734515853","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202905","display_name":"Electronics","issn_l":"2079-9292","issn":["2079-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405515218.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405515218.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031941775","https://openalex.org/W2057567734","https://openalex.org/W2164317031","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2301851804","https://openalex.org/W2464795325","https://openalex.org/W2519796145","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2552634383","https://openalex.org/W2772541859","https://openalex.org/W2804880211","https://openalex.org/W2892325025","https://openalex.org/W2946760001","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W3118660027","https://openalex.org/W3143381390","https://openalex.org/W3170903420","https://openalex.org/W3172921504","https://openalex.org/W4220685687","https://openalex.org/W4220814249","https://openalex.org/W4220856423","https://openalex.org/W4225648146","https://openalex.org/W4307136575","https://openalex.org/W4322102572","https://openalex.org/W4322742250","https://openalex.org/W4386393191","https://openalex.org/W4389200000","https://openalex.org/W4391226821","https://openalex.org/W4392879230"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,133,187,202],"study":[1,203],"presents":[2],"KidneyNet,":[3],"an":[4,179],"innovative":[5],"computer-aided":[6],"diagnosis":[7],"(CAD)":[8],"system":[9],"designed":[10],"to":[11,69,103,126,139,220],"identify":[12,89,140],"chronic":[13],"kidney":[14,19,110,162,214],"diseases":[15],"(CKDs),":[16],"such":[17,150],"as":[18,80,151],"stones,":[20],"cysts,":[21,153],"and":[22,46,62,77,107,178,195,216,223],"tumors,":[23,152],"in":[24,130,212],"CT":[25,161],"scans.":[26,132],"KidneyNet":[27,101,164],"utilizes":[28],"a":[29,43,160],"convolutional":[30,38],"neural":[31],"network":[32],"(CNN)":[33],"structure":[34],"consisting":[35],"of":[36,60,66,109,182,208],"eight":[37],"layers,":[39,42],"three":[40],"pooling":[41],"flattening":[44],"layer,":[45],"two":[47],"fully":[48],"connected":[49],"layers.":[50,85],"Small":[51],"filters":[52],"enhance":[53,104],"computational":[54],"efficiency":[55,106],"by":[56],"reducing":[57],"the":[58,64,84,93,105,114,117,131,143,190,205],"number":[59],"parameters":[61],"minimizing":[63],"risk":[65],"overfitting":[67],"compared":[68],"larger":[70],"filters.":[71],"The":[72,86],"model":[73,115,144],"captures":[74],"more":[75,98],"complex":[76],"abstract":[78],"features":[79],"data":[81],"move":[82],"through":[83],"initial":[87],"layers":[88,95],"basic":[90],"patterns,":[91],"while":[92],"deeper":[94],"focus":[96],"on":[97,159,193],"intricate":[99],"representations.":[100],"aims":[102],"accuracy":[108],"disease":[111],"diagnosis.":[112],"Additionally,":[113],"incorporates":[116],"gradient-weighted":[118],"class":[119],"activation":[120],"mapping":[121],"(Grad-CAM)":[122],"algorithm,":[123],"which":[124,141],"helps":[125],"pinpoint":[127],"affected":[128],"areas":[129],"feature":[134],"improves":[135],"interpretability,":[136],"allowing":[137],"clinicians":[138],"regions":[142],"deemed":[145],"significant":[146],"for":[147],"detecting":[148],"abnormalities":[149],"or":[154],"stones.":[155],"Through":[156],"extensive":[157],"testing":[158],"dataset,":[163],"demonstrated":[165],"impressive":[166],"performance":[167],"metrics,":[168],"with":[169],"99.88%":[170],"accuracy,":[171],"99.92%":[172],"specificity,":[173],"99.76%":[174],"sensitivity,":[175],"99.58%":[176],"precision,":[177],"F1":[180],"score":[181],"99.67%,":[183],"outperforming":[184],"existing":[185],"models.":[186],"approach":[188],"alleviates":[189],"diagnostic":[191],"burden":[192],"radiologists":[194],"promotes":[196],"early":[197],"detection,":[198],"potentially":[199],"saving":[200],"lives.":[201],"highlights":[204],"critical":[206],"role":[207],"advanced":[209],"imaging":[210],"analysis":[211],"addressing":[213],"conditions":[215],"emphasizes":[217],"KidneyNet\u2019s":[218],"capability":[219],"deliver":[221],"precise":[222],"cost-effective":[224],"diagnoses.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}