{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405435612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","title":"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629","display_name":"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405435612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404668981","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.","issn_l":"1029-855X","issn":["1029-855X","2957-3521"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","host_organization_name":"Kuwait University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115461720","display_name":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Abdul Aziz University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdul Aziz University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115461721","display_name":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al- Muwakaba for Trades and Industry Consultant"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al- Muwakaba for Trades and Industry Consultant","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115461722","display_name":"\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181998121","display_name":"Bechtel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03me92s48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181998121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bechtel Corp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bechtel Corp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181998121"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"313","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11939","display_name":"Public-Private Partnership Projects","score":0.5062999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11939","display_name":"Public-Private Partnership Projects","score":0.5062999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12687","display_name":"Public Administration in Developing Nations","score":0.10419999808073044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14112","display_name":"Economic, financial, and policy analysis","score":0.057500001043081284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privatization","display_name":"privatization","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-projects","display_name":"public projects","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.8460000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2814204692840576}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404668981","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.","issn_l":"1029-855X","issn":["1029-855X","2957-3521"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","host_organization_name":"Kuwait University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v6i2.399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404668981","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.","issn_l":"1029-855X","issn":["1029-855X","2957-3521"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","host_organization_name":"Kuwait University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6207000017166138,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390644552","https://openalex.org/W3165789819","https://openalex.org/W4404775050","https://openalex.org/W7172483878","https://openalex.org/W7131269896","https://openalex.org/W4236875837","https://openalex.org/W4386195194","https://openalex.org/W7102409803","https://openalex.org/W3126573510","https://openalex.org/W2902464920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631":[0],"\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[2,33],"\"\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a":[4,65,72],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[5],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[6,61],"\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a":[7],"\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\"":[8],"\u0645\u0646":[9,53],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629":[11],"\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645":[12],"\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639":[13],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[14],"\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629":[15,81],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629":[16,38,82,95],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[17],"\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644":[18],"\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b":[19],"\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627\u064b":[20],"\u0641\u064a":[21,96],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631":[22],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a":[23],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a":[24],"\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639":[25],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a":[26],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629":[27],"\u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645":[28],"\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627":[29],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644.":[30],"\u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641":[31],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[32],"\u0648\u0636\u0639":[34],"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[35,77],"\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a":[36],"\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[37],"\u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649":[39,57],"\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c":[40],"\u0648\u062a\u0645":[41],"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629":[42],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639":[43],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[44,64,71,93],"\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639":[45],"\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644:":[46],"\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c":[47],"\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629":[48],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628":[49],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a":[50],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629":[51],"\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062e\u0635\u0629":[52],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[54,84],"\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627":[55],"\u0648\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627":[56],"\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627.":[58],"\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c":[59],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631":[60],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644":[62,68],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629":[66],"\u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643":[67],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[69],"\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631":[70],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.":[73],"\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b\u060c":[74],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645":[75],"\u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639":[76],"\u062e\u0627\u0635":[78],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631":[79],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629":[80],"(\u0645\u0646":[83],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c":[85],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c":[87],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u060c...).":[88],"\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b":[89],"\u062a\u0645":[90],"\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642":[91],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c":[92],"\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[94],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629":[97],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629":[98],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629":[99],"\u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629":[100],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c":[101],"\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a":[102],"\u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a":[103],"\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2024-12-17T00:00:00"}
