{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405080699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","title":"Measuring the impact of digitisation on NHS nurses\u2019 time and morale: A time and motion study","display_name":"Measuring the impact of digitisation on NHS nurses\u2019 time and morale: A time and motion study","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405080699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39640967","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11618907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/20552076241293926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188408","display_name":"Digital Health","issn_l":"2055-2076","issn":["2055-2076"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DIGITAL HEALTH","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115023137","display_name":"Joshua Hicks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7818-2624","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7818-2624"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096559","display_name":"Olympus (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/010s5m858","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36940870","https://openalex.org/I4210096559"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Hicks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Olympus KeyMed Group Ltd","Olympus KeyMed Group Ltd, Southend on Sea, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7818-2624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Olympus KeyMed Group Ltd","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Olympus KeyMed Group Ltd, Southend on Sea, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096559"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115023138","display_name":"Claire McAleer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257583","display_name":"Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05e5ahc59","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257583"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claire McAleer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust","Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257583"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257583"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077690778","display_name":"Mutsa P. Mutowo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2486-6557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2486-6557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142703","display_name":"Olympus (Australia)","ror":"https://ror.org/041b40q78","country_code":"AU","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36940870","https://openalex.org/I4210142703"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mutsa Mutowo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Macquarie University Centre for the Health Economy","Olympus Australia, Notting Hill, Australia","Macquarie University Centre for the Health Economy, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macquarie University Centre for the Health Economy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Olympus Australia, Notting Hill, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macquarie University Centre for the Health Economy, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115023137"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096559"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2000},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2000},"fwci":0.6287,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68477565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"20552076241293926","last_page":"20552076241293926"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12790","display_name":"Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14512","display_name":"Technology and Human Factors in Education and Health","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"digitization","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-workload","display_name":"nursing workload","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nurse-morale","display_name":"nurse morale","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endoscopy","display_name":"endoscopy","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paper-to-digital-transition","display_name":"paper-to-digital transition","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-efficiency","display_name":"time efficiency","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitalization-of-healthcare","display_name":"digitalization of healthcare","score":0.7139999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5222883224487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.49012336134910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.468799889087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.42934900522232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.40210914611816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37033748626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3264511227607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3167111575603485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09641492366790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/20552076241293926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188408","display_name":"Digital Health","issn_l":"2055-2076","issn":["2055-2076"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DIGITAL HEALTH","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11618907","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11618907","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11618907/pdf/10.1177_20552076241293926.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digit Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39640967","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39640967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:25774f26d17e4b1aaeb879ac51fda14e","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/25774f26d17e4b1aaeb879ac51fda14e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Digital Health, Vol 10 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://rde.dspace-express.com:11287/623492","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11287/623492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401891","display_name":"Royal Devon and Exeter Research Repository (Royal Devon and Exeter)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801242002","host_organization_name":"Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801242002"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/20552076241293926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241293926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188408","display_name":"Digital Health","issn_l":"2055-2076","issn":["2055-2076"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DIGITAL HEALTH","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405080699.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405080699.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491535257","https://openalex.org/W1542150682","https://openalex.org/W1742484734","https://openalex.org/W1974913213","https://openalex.org/W1983920543","https://openalex.org/W2032480896","https://openalex.org/W2038746872","https://openalex.org/W2051920910","https://openalex.org/W2072410090","https://openalex.org/W2091893465","https://openalex.org/W2098625228","https://openalex.org/W2110659942","https://openalex.org/W2145564716","https://openalex.org/W2146421491","https://openalex.org/W2154280036","https://openalex.org/W2157150356","https://openalex.org/W2236705995","https://openalex.org/W2324834859","https://openalex.org/W2334745937","https://openalex.org/W2594261786","https://openalex.org/W2901990999","https://openalex.org/W2908002405","https://openalex.org/W2941432007","https://openalex.org/W2952983358","https://openalex.org/W2981410023","https://openalex.org/W2993425772","https://openalex.org/W3003915576","https://openalex.org/W3011138447","https://openalex.org/W3017325690","https://openalex.org/W3085876973","https://openalex.org/W3111254667","https://openalex.org/W3138139111","https://openalex.org/W3211819073","https://openalex.org/W4220843374","https://openalex.org/W4256009532","https://openalex.org/W4281399181","https://openalex.org/W4291017016","https://openalex.org/W4320920085","https://openalex.org/W4323926239","https://openalex.org/W4377080206","https://openalex.org/W4382600208","https://openalex.org/W4384209840","https://openalex.org/W4387336087","https://openalex.org/W4387904342","https://openalex.org/W4389960480","https://openalex.org/W4391325245","https://openalex.org/W4391507883","https://openalex.org/W4393386770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3191813913","https://openalex.org/W4405750283","https://openalex.org/W2782567060","https://openalex.org/W3024888861","https://openalex.org/W2981410023","https://openalex.org/W7218703150","https://openalex.org/W4380576980","https://openalex.org/W3126728771","https://openalex.org/W2287341858","https://openalex.org/W7067387735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"Despite":[1],"the":[2,50,76,126,209,237,252,279],"benefits":[3],"of":[4,80,104,128,219,223,239,254,281],"digital":[5],"transformation,":[6],"many":[7],"healthcare":[8],"organisations":[9],"still":[10],"rely":[11],"on":[12,52,60,189],"manual,":[13],"traditional":[14,255],"processes":[15,135,245],"to":[16,22,34,40,47,65,98,124,136,142,155,168,181,194,213,262],"transfer":[17,42,137],"clinical":[18,43,138],"images":[19,44,139,166,259],"and":[20,45,55,58,92,109,120,140,164,170,173,192,242,260,270,285],"videos":[21,46,261],"electronic":[23],"patient":[24,240],"records":[25],"(EPRs),":[26],"consuming":[27],"valuable":[28],"nurse-patient-facing":[29],"time.":[30],"Our":[31,249],"study":[32],"aimed":[33],"outline":[35],"tasks":[36,101,207],"performed":[37],"by":[38,204],"nurses":[39,160,199,224],"traditionally":[41,132],"EPRs,":[48,169],"assess":[49],"impact":[51,127],"nurses'":[53,100],"time":[54,91,95,216],"efficiency":[56,152,178,217,269],"cost,":[57],"report":[59],"nurse":[61],"experiences":[62],"when":[63],"transitioning":[64],"a":[66,105],"digitised":[67],"process.":[68],"Methods:":[69],"Observations":[70],"spanned":[71],"two":[72,134],"one-week":[73],"periods":[74],"in":[75,158,208,236,257,290],"ENT":[77,210],"outpatient":[78],"department":[79],"Royal":[81],"Devon":[82],"University":[83],"Healthcare":[84],"NHS":[85],"Foundation":[86],"Trust,":[87],"using":[88],"direct":[89],"observational":[90],"predetermined":[93],"motion":[94],"system":[96],"analysis":[97],"map":[99],"pre-and":[102],"post-implementation":[103],"Medical":[106,111,282,287],"Video":[107,283],"Recorder":[108],"Centralised":[110,286],"Content":[112,288],"Management.":[113],"Two":[114],"staff":[115],"experience":[116],"surveys":[117],"were":[118,246],"conducted,":[119],"data":[121],"was":[122],"aggregated":[123],"evaluate":[125,278],"digitisation.":[129],"Results:":[130],"Nurses":[131],"followed":[133],"video":[141],"EPRs.":[143,195,263],"Digitisation":[144],"saved":[145],"43":[146],"seconds":[147,175],"per":[148],"endoscopy":[149],"(a":[150,176],"10%":[151],"gain)":[153,179],"compared":[154,180],"Process":[156,182],"1,":[157],"which":[159],"print,":[161],"attach,":[162],"scan,":[163],"digitise":[165],"off-site":[167],"3":[171],"minutes":[172],"8":[174],"33%":[177],"2,":[183],"where":[184],"urgent":[185],"content":[186],"is":[187],"recorded":[188],"an":[190,214],"iPad":[191],"transferred":[193],"Digitising":[196],"could":[197,266],"save":[198],"26":[200],"working":[201],"days":[202],"annually":[203],"reducing":[205],"non-patient-facing":[206],"department,":[211],"leading":[212],"annual":[215],"cost-saving":[218],"\u00a36780.":[220],"Furthermore,":[221],"75%":[222],"reported":[225],"significantly":[226],"improved":[227,234],"morale,":[228,271],"63%":[229],"strongly":[230],"agreed":[231],"that":[232],"digitisation":[233],"confidence":[235],"accuracy":[238],"details,":[241],"all":[243],"paper":[244],"eliminated.":[247],"Conclusion:":[248],"findings":[250],"highlight":[251],"inefficiency":[253],"methods":[256],"transferring":[258],"Digital":[264],"transformation":[265],"enhance":[267],"nursing":[268],"improving":[272],"care":[273],"quality.":[274],"Future":[275],"studies":[276],"should":[277],"effectiveness":[280],"Recorders":[284],"Management":[289],"other":[291],"departments.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2024-12-06T00:00:00"}
