{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405028166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","title":"Urban heat island effect in India: a review of current status, impact and mitigation strategies","display_name":"Urban heat island effect in India: a review of current status, impact and mitigation strategies","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405028166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042847","display_name":"Discover Cities","issn_l":"3004-8311","issn":["3004-8311"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Cities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100648066","display_name":"Sahidul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3438-4195","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3438-4195"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331500379","display_name":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/022abst40","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379","https://openalex.org/I4210121746"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878213199","display_name":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","ror":"https://ror.org/044g6d731","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sahidul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, Pune, India","Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005349178","display_name":"Anandakumar Karipot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-4090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-4090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878213199","display_name":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","ror":"https://ror.org/044g6d731","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anandakumar Karipot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, Pune, India","Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, 3rd Floor of Media & Communication Dept., Opposite New Examination Building, Pune, 411007, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, 3rd Floor of Media & Communication Dept., Opposite New Examination Building, Pune, 411007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108961856","display_name":"Rohini Lakshman Bhawar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878213199","display_name":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","ror":"https://ror.org/044g6d731","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rohini Bhawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, Pune, India","Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, 3rd Floor of Media & Communication Dept., Opposite New Examination Building, Pune, 411007, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, SP Pune University, 3rd Floor of Media & Communication Dept., Opposite New Examination Building, Pune, 411007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066147378","display_name":"P. C. Sinha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7611-7382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7611-7382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331500379","display_name":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/022abst40","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379","https://openalex.org/I4210121746"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Palash Sinha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103118644","display_name":"Sumita Kedia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6030-3722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6030-3722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331500379","display_name":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/022abst40","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379","https://openalex.org/I4210121746"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sumita Kedia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103993595","display_name":"Manoj Kumar Khare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331500379","display_name":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/022abst40","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379","https://openalex.org/I4210121746"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Khare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Innovation Park 34, B/1, Panchawati Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005349178","https://openalex.org/A5066147378","https://openalex.org/A5100648066","https://openalex.org/A5103118644","https://openalex.org/A5103993595","https://openalex.org/A5108961856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331500379","https://openalex.org/I878213199"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6424,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99200136,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat-island","display_name":"urban heat island","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uhi-intensity","display_name":"UHI intensity","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-waves","display_name":"heat waves","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-energy-consumption","display_name":"urban energy consumption","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-air-pollution","display_name":"urban air pollution","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-discomfort","display_name":"heat discomfort","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.9444071054458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.53713458776474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158049464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075337","display_name":"Urban climate","level":3,"score":0.4178798794746399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3473541736602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.33969220519065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.339487761259079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3028669059276581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2525320053100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.13634046912193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08854734897613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042847","display_name":"Discover Cities","issn_l":"3004-8311","issn":["3004-8311"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Cities","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44327-024-00033-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407042847","display_name":"Discover Cities","issn_l":"3004-8311","issn":["3004-8311"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Cities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326590","display_name":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","ror":"https://ror.org/044g6d731"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405028166.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405028166.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":281,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W158970435","https://openalex.org/W891114291","https://openalex.org/W918712335","https://openalex.org/W1219714425","https://openalex.org/W1496443883","https://openalex.org/W1546183946","https://openalex.org/W1556699155","https://openalex.org/W1686762407","https://openalex.org/W1768488937","https://openalex.org/W1922775103","https://openalex.org/W1964022499","https://openalex.org/W1968325190","https://openalex.org/W1973039273","https://openalex.org/W1975266344","https://openalex.org/W1981939599","https://openalex.org/W1983482133","https://openalex.org/W1984811700","https://openalex.org/W1986237720","https://openalex.org/W1988676081","https://openalex.org/W1989185002","https://openalex.org/W1990793870","https://openalex.org/W1993008004","https://openalex.org/W1993064731","https://openalex.org/W1994302455","https://openalex.org/W1995600630","https://openalex.org/W1996026604","https://openalex.org/W1999081160","https://openalex.org/W2000167781","https://openalex.org/W2002802055","https://openalex.org/W2003404841","https://openalex.org/W2004776481","https://openalex.org/W2012670902","https://openalex.org/W2019233839","https://openalex.org/W2020377781","https://openalex.org/W2021384056","https://openalex.org/W2023025343","https://openalex.org/W2026156015","https://openalex.org/W2031420083","https://openalex.org/W2034298787","https://openalex.org/W2035052201","https://openalex.org/W2038125488","https://openalex.org/W2039673892","https://openalex.org/W2041810266","https://openalex.org/W2044902586","https://openalex.org/W2045338174","https://openalex.org/W2045932074","https://openalex.org/W2046599533","https://openalex.org/W2048426774","https://openalex.org/W2050087949","https://openalex.org/W2052455945","https://openalex.org/W2056968363","https://openalex.org/W2060843763","https://openalex.org/W2061030875","https://openalex.org/W2063166711","https://openalex.org/W2067263407","https://openalex.org/W2073205033","https://openalex.org/W2073568881","https://openalex.org/W2075009245","https://openalex.org/W2075233372","https://openalex.org/W2083474766","https://openalex.org/W2084879742","https://openalex.org/W2085586056","https://openalex.org/W2085657417","https://openalex.org/W2088064592","https://openalex.org/W2089112942","https://openalex.org/W2092209047","https://openalex.org/W2093374689","https://openalex.org/W2093386355","https://openalex.org/W2093938910","https://openalex.org/W2094662622","https://openalex.org/W2095850536","https://openalex.org/W2099130103","https://openalex.org/W2104922698","https://openalex.org/W2106307266","https://openalex.org/W2110951064","https://openalex.org/W2118707522","https://openalex.org/W2123053811","https://openalex.org/W2123986329","https://openalex.org/W2128673307","https://openalex.org/W2132479022","https://openalex.org/W2139273826","https://openalex.org/W2141666446","https://openalex.org/W2146864426","https://openalex.org/W2148275852","https://openalex.org/W2153176360","https://openalex.org/W2153763028","https://openalex.org/W2158719734","https://openalex.org/W2158807068","https://openalex.org/W2161316031","https://openalex.org/W2162063693","https://openalex.org/W2174836573","https://openalex.org/W2192270866","https://openalex.org/W2194477193","https://openalex.org/W2196222972","https://openalex.org/W2201123216","https://openalex.org/W2207442971","https://openalex.org/W2222921106","https://openalex.org/W2228026351","https://openalex.org/W2281082079","https://openalex.org/W2283273020","https://openalex.org/W2286671445","https://openalex.org/W2298346024","https://openalex.org/W2327328000","https://openalex.org/W2338397189","https://openalex.org/W2339719947","https://openalex.org/W2340782162","https://openalex.org/W2342292597","https://openalex.org/W2413746527","https://openalex.org/W2460117188","https://openalex.org/W2468193463","https://openalex.org/W2477307786","https://openalex.org/W2498992705","https://openalex.org/W2518567090","https://openalex.org/W2526116146","https://openalex.org/W2561034431","https://openalex.org/W2567352871","https://openalex.org/W2568271830","https://openalex.org/W2574689734","https://openalex.org/W2580794617","https://openalex.org/W2586373076","https://openalex.org/W2592330429","https://openalex.org/W2601391956","https://openalex.org/W2602739515","https://openalex.org/W2602900933","https://openalex.org/W2605399805","https://openalex.org/W2606201348","https://openalex.org/W2621391892","https://openalex.org/W2623255214","https://openalex.org/W2725178180","https://openalex.org/W2742174109","https://openalex.org/W2744266836","https://openalex.org/W2751455304","https://openalex.org/W2752983371","https://openalex.org/W2763543335","https://openalex.org/W2765130422","https://openalex.org/W2765573388","https://openalex.org/W2765989210","https://openalex.org/W2769957474","https://openalex.org/W2773881107","https://openalex.org/W2783195083","https://openalex.org/W2790241121","https://openalex.org/W2791777930","https://openalex.org/W2792951827","https://openalex.org/W2793908803","https://openalex.org/W2800417984","https://openalex.org/W2803000140","https://openalex.org/W2808428480","https://openalex.org/W2808764757","https://openalex.org/W2884075935","https://openalex.org/W2888521623","https://openalex.org/W2898332614","https://openalex.org/W2900623935","https://openalex.org/W2900668417","https://openalex.org/W2901789042","https://openalex.org/W2901928905","https://openalex.org/W2909840081","https://openalex.org/W2913168997","https://openalex.org/W2913897511","https://openalex.org/W2920342162","https://openalex.org/W2932446790","https://openalex.org/W2933489607","https://openalex.org/W2937428349","https://openalex.org/W2940726923","https://openalex.org/W2945567755","https://openalex.org/W2950623775","https://openalex.org/W2951971207","https://openalex.org/W2955710734","https://openalex.org/W2961165696","https://openalex.org/W2964992583","https://openalex.org/W2966153363","https://openalex.org/W2968205314","https://openalex.org/W2969961877","https://openalex.org/W2971043230","https://openalex.org/W2971557072","https://openalex.org/W2971736369","https://openalex.org/W2973260809","https://openalex.org/W2977279580","https://openalex.org/W2984945449","https://openalex.org/W2986105061","https://openalex.org/W2995556153","https://openalex.org/W2996444511","https://openalex.org/W2996481351","https://openalex.org/W2998648073","https://openalex.org/W2999938776","https://openalex.org/W3003411917","https://openalex.org/W3005563421","https://openalex.org/W3007476963","https://openalex.org/W3010692794","https://openalex.org/W3016428180","https://openalex.org/W3017303295","https://openalex.org/W3021122311","https://openalex.org/W3023116840","https://openalex.org/W3023120202","https://openalex.org/W3029215662","https://openalex.org/W3032862896","https://openalex.org/W3035975906","https://openalex.org/W3037707481","https://openalex.org/W3041106187","https://openalex.org/W3043624803","https://openalex.org/W3048486232","https://openalex.org/W3083453405","https://openalex.org/W3083790776","https://openalex.org/W3083916382","https://openalex.org/W3090986174","https://openalex.org/W3091923948","https://openalex.org/W3112952261","https://openalex.org/W3114825274","https://openalex.org/W3116923327","https://openalex.org/W3120141855","https://openalex.org/W3120762831","https://openalex.org/W3122915109","https://openalex.org/W3126960576","https://openalex.org/W3134071763","https://openalex.org/W3134108520","https://openalex.org/W3135314828","https://openalex.org/W3139888787","https://openalex.org/W3144457019","https://openalex.org/W3152460841","https://openalex.org/W3153297155","https://openalex.org/W3157018205","https://openalex.org/W3158856952","https://openalex.org/W3165895347","https://openalex.org/W3168299725","https://openalex.org/W3173269983","https://openalex.org/W3186137031","https://openalex.org/W3187682833","https://openalex.org/W3188987326","https://openalex.org/W3191442115","https://openalex.org/W3193195427","https://openalex.org/W3193888432","https://openalex.org/W3198651364","https://openalex.org/W3199814021","https://openalex.org/W3200037061","https://openalex.org/W3200747744","https://openalex.org/W3201512168","https://openalex.org/W3204965035","https://openalex.org/W4200425313","https://openalex.org/W4210936904","https://openalex.org/W4213096808","https://openalex.org/W4224807374","https://openalex.org/W4226104758","https://openalex.org/W4226407013","https://openalex.org/W4245972137","https://openalex.org/W4280560659","https://openalex.org/W4283522532","https://openalex.org/W4283748420","https://openalex.org/W4285386522","https://openalex.org/W4287878586","https://openalex.org/W4308349247","https://openalex.org/W4308443577","https://openalex.org/W4308886880","https://openalex.org/W4308933509","https://openalex.org/W4309567582","https://openalex.org/W4311995017","https://openalex.org/W4313304558","https://openalex.org/W4315778531","https://openalex.org/W4317388479","https://openalex.org/W4318703229","https://openalex.org/W4319994567","https://openalex.org/W4321108611","https://openalex.org/W4362583577","https://openalex.org/W4366779398","https://openalex.org/W4367049076","https://openalex.org/W4368405346","https://openalex.org/W4378082599","https://openalex.org/W4379055434","https://openalex.org/W4382629142","https://openalex.org/W4383819683","https://openalex.org/W4383911279","https://openalex.org/W4385837652","https://openalex.org/W4386224290","https://openalex.org/W4387187704","https://openalex.org/W4387218422","https://openalex.org/W4388232854","https://openalex.org/W4388385743","https://openalex.org/W4388563960","https://openalex.org/W4388610103","https://openalex.org/W4390535647","https://openalex.org/W4390755656","https://openalex.org/W4401057246","https://openalex.org/W7018294876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285184706","https://openalex.org/W4400356400","https://openalex.org/W4397038565","https://openalex.org/W3021122311","https://openalex.org/W7122359995","https://openalex.org/W6949362642","https://openalex.org/W7154463225","https://openalex.org/W7163697150","https://openalex.org/W4410909957","https://openalex.org/W2342452865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,116,144],"Urban":[1],"Heat":[2],"Island":[3],"(UHI)":[4],"phenomenon":[5],"significantly":[6],"affects":[7],"us":[8],"by":[9],"exacerbating":[10],"heat":[11,26,29],"discomfort,":[12],"increased":[13],"energy":[14,185],"consumption,":[15,186],"and":[16,28,61,93,128,154,187,222,256],"urban":[17,62],"air":[18],"pollution.":[19],"severity":[21],"of":[22,35,47,68,72,84,104,110,121,131,180,228],"UHI":[23,49,73,105,122,146,181,247],"associated":[24],"with":[25,157],"waves":[27],"stress-related":[30],"mortality":[31],"is":[32,210,234,238],"now":[33],"one":[34],"the":[36,45,48,69,82,126,132,136,150,158,178,188,226,242,246],"major":[37],"concerns,":[38],"particularly":[39,75],"in":[40,125,141,201],"densely":[41],"populated":[42],"cities.":[43],"Therefore,":[44],"significance":[46],"has":[50],"emerged":[51],"as":[52,192],"a":[53,65,107,119,161,167,170,212],"crucial":[54],"issue":[55],"due":[56],"to":[57,176,240,252],"cities\u2019":[58],"fast":[59],"growth":[60],"development,":[63],"necessitating":[64],"comprehensive":[66,108],"review":[67],"present":[70],"status":[71],"research,":[74],"concerning":[76],"regional":[77],"comparisons.":[78],"This":[79],"paper":[80],"delineates":[81],"characteristics":[83],"UHI,":[85],"focusing":[86],"on":[87,182,199,206,218,231,249],"its":[88],"intensity,":[89],"impact,":[90],"determining":[91],"factors,":[92],"potential":[94],"mitigation":[95,229],"strategy.":[96],"It":[97],"synthesizes":[98],"an":[99],"insight":[100],"into":[101],"important":[102],"aspects":[103],"from":[106],"analysis":[109],"over":[111],"400":[112],"national/international":[113],"research":[114,123,175,217,230,237],"articles.":[115],"findings":[117],"indicate":[118],"lack":[120],"studies":[124,198],"central":[127],"eastern":[129],"regions":[130],"country,":[133],"bringing":[134],"out":[135],"need":[137,214],"for":[138,173,195,215],"further":[139],"investigation":[140],"these":[142],"areas.":[143],"observed":[145],"intensity":[147],"varies":[148],"across":[149],"country":[151],"between":[152],"2":[153],"10":[155],"\u00b0C,":[156],"northwest":[159],"seeing":[160],"more":[162,216],"pronounced":[163],"temperature":[164],"gradient.":[165],"Following":[166],"detailed":[168],"review,":[169],"few":[171],"suggestions":[172],"future":[174],"minimize":[177],"impact":[179],"public":[183],"health,":[184],"economy":[189],"are":[190,193],"proposed,":[191],"strategies":[194],"mitigation.":[196],"While":[197],"UHIs":[200],"India":[202],"have":[203],"primarily":[204],"relied":[205],"observational":[207],"data,":[208],"there":[209],"still":[211],"substantial":[213],"employing":[219],"numerical":[220],"model-based":[221],"machine-learning":[223],"approaches.":[224],"Furthermore,":[225],"availability":[227],"Indian":[232],"cities":[233,250],"limited.":[235],"Additional":[236],"needed":[239],"ascertain":[241],"intricate":[243],"mechanisms":[244],"behind":[245],"effect":[248],"vulnerable":[251],"various":[253],"climatic":[254],"risks":[255],"hazards.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-12-05T00:00:00"}
