{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404963927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","title":"Toward a Generalized Understanding of the Role of Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) Removal and Entrainment Rate in Convective Parameterizations on the Diurnal Cycle of Tropical Precipitation","display_name":"Toward a Generalized Understanding of the Role of Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) Removal and Entrainment Rate in Convective Parameterizations on the Diurnal Cycle of Tropical Precipitation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404963927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","pdf_url":"https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/view/journals/wefo/aop/WAF-D-24-0020.1/WAF-D-24-0020.1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203100778","display_name":"Weather and Forecasting","issn_l":"0882-8156","issn":["0882-8156","1520-0434"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weather and Forecasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/view/journals/wefo/aop/WAF-D-24-0020.1/WAF-D-24-0020.1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Akihiko Murata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446413","display_name":"Meteorological Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/031gqrq04","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801997990","https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Akihiko Murata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","1 Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103125671","display_name":"Shin Fukui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1495-4361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1495-4361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446413","display_name":"Meteorological Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/031gqrq04","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801997990","https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shin Fukui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","1 Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065248168","display_name":"Masaya Nosaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-0304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-0304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446413","display_name":"Meteorological Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/031gqrq04","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801997990","https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaya Nosaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","1 Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051554532","display_name":"Tomoki Ushiyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0305-806X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0305-806X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143417","display_name":"Public Works Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8j4a33","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143417"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257328","display_name":"International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management","ror":"https://ror.org/054zcfj38","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I1293226324","https://openalex.org/I2801247003","https://openalex.org/I4210143417","https://openalex.org/I4405257328"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoki Ushiyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management, Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan","2 International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management, Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143417","https://openalex.org/I4405257328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2 International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143417","https://openalex.org/I4405257328"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061523862","display_name":"Ralph Allen Acierto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-1564","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-1564"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143417","display_name":"Public Works Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8j4a33","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143417"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257328","display_name":"International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management","ror":"https://ror.org/054zcfj38","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I1293226324","https://openalex.org/I2801247003","https://openalex.org/I4210143417","https://openalex.org/I4405257328"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Allen Acierto","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management, Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan","2 International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management, Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143417","https://openalex.org/I4405257328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2 International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143417","https://openalex.org/I4405257328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446413"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2919,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37395763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":"37","last_page":"53"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convective-available-potential-energy","display_name":"convective available potential energy","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrainment-rate","display_name":"entrainment rate","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convective-parameterization","display_name":"convection parameterization","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diurnal-cycle-of-precipitation","display_name":"diurnal cycle of precipitation","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-rainfall","display_name":"tropical precipitation","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kain-fritsch-scheme","display_name":"Kain-Fritsch scheme","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grell-scheme","display_name":"Grell scheme","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plume-model","display_name":"plume model","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-instability","display_name":"vertical instability","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-sensitivity","display_name":"parameter sensitivity","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java-island","display_name":"Java Island","score":0.746999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61939431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129355","display_name":"Convective available potential energy","level":3,"score":0.8497545719146729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139992725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380656","display_name":"Entrainment (biomusicology)","level":3,"score":0.8166475296020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.7361263036727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.7229818105697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63991900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469559","display_name":"Diurnal cycle","level":2,"score":0.7214866876602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6400957703590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5925187468528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5115152597427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775840915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817528","display_name":"Plume","level":2,"score":0.4760681986808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155491033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268911","display_name":"Convective instability","level":3,"score":0.4726894199848175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.333500474691391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21534782648086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09125015139579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135343436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406","display_name":"Rhythm","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","pdf_url":"https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/view/journals/wefo/aop/WAF-D-24-0020.1/WAF-D-24-0020.1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203100778","display_name":"Weather and Forecasting","issn_l":"0882-8156","issn":["0882-8156","1520-0434"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weather and Forecasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-24-0020.1","pdf_url":"https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/view/journals/wefo/aop/WAF-D-24-0020.1/WAF-D-24-0020.1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203100778","display_name":"Weather and Forecasting","issn_l":"0882-8156","issn":["0882-8156","1520-0434"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weather and Forecasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2191191867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMXD 0722680734","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/048rj2z13"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404963927.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404963927.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133177479","https://openalex.org/W868168856","https://openalex.org/W1544759443","https://openalex.org/W1551573030","https://openalex.org/W1629470443","https://openalex.org/W1969915103","https://openalex.org/W1979566020","https://openalex.org/W1979963860","https://openalex.org/W1987614576","https://openalex.org/W1989120577","https://openalex.org/W1994387385","https://openalex.org/W1995622703","https://openalex.org/W1997604270","https://openalex.org/W2010036012","https://openalex.org/W2012371683","https://openalex.org/W2023308405","https://openalex.org/W2032068597","https://openalex.org/W2033877673","https://openalex.org/W2036624535","https://openalex.org/W2040522906","https://openalex.org/W2044188574","https://openalex.org/W2055938690","https://openalex.org/W2063816874","https://openalex.org/W2071241861","https://openalex.org/W2073767379","https://openalex.org/W2074590824","https://openalex.org/W2077710613","https://openalex.org/W2101394945","https://openalex.org/W2102343006","https://openalex.org/W2107277409","https://openalex.org/W2111080340","https://openalex.org/W2122739768","https://openalex.org/W2126788863","https://openalex.org/W2142794782","https://openalex.org/W2156894412","https://openalex.org/W2175434040","https://openalex.org/W2305255251","https://openalex.org/W2395858945","https://openalex.org/W2398119689","https://openalex.org/W2500560559","https://openalex.org/W2551815798","https://openalex.org/W2584665549","https://openalex.org/W2806978598","https://openalex.org/W2905087556","https://openalex.org/W2949000646","https://openalex.org/W2966545583","https://openalex.org/W2975942597","https://openalex.org/W3103371605","https://openalex.org/W3109198941","https://openalex.org/W3196861075","https://openalex.org/W3206959463","https://openalex.org/W4230794917","https://openalex.org/W4281701636","https://openalex.org/W4281977773","https://openalex.org/W4283317480","https://openalex.org/W4377023871","https://openalex.org/W4382987211","https://openalex.org/W4401412199"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122109569","https://openalex.org/W1986327802","https://openalex.org/W2885747322","https://openalex.org/W2979681879","https://openalex.org/W3110922183","https://openalex.org/W1982880179","https://openalex.org/W2924476824","https://openalex.org/W2076560466","https://openalex.org/W1481717889","https://openalex.org/W4360983152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,140],"diurnal":[2,15,102],"rainfall":[3],"cycle":[4,16,103],"is":[5,17],"a":[6,74,97,222],"key":[7],"factor":[8],"affecting":[9],"tropical":[10],"precipitation":[11,41,107,129,143,166,171,187,200],"variability.":[12],"However,":[13],"the":[14,32,37,83,101,105,118,125,134,148,153,158,175,190,196,207,212,228],"not":[18,115],"sufficiently":[19],"represented":[20],"in":[21,31,50,85,215],"numerical":[22],"models,":[23],"which":[24],"can":[25,182,194,218],"be":[26,219],"associated":[27],"with":[28],"convective":[29,59,88,208,225],"parameterization":[30,51,89,209],"models.":[33],"This":[34],"study":[35,217],"presents":[36],"sensitivity":[38,79],"of":[39,67,100,104,128,136,142,150,152,177,179,186,224],"simulated":[40,106,165],"over":[42,108,117,130],"Java":[43],"Island,":[44],"Indonesia,":[45],"to":[46,58,205,221],"adjust":[47],"two":[48,54,86,138],"parameters":[49,55,84],"schemes.":[52,210],"These":[53,202],"are":[56],"related":[57],"available":[60],"potential":[61],"energy":[62],"(CAPE)":[63],"removal":[64],"and":[65,92,156,169,188],"entrainment":[66,159,192],"environmental":[68],"air":[69],"into":[70,167],"cumulus":[71],"convection.":[72],"Using":[73],"climate":[75],"model,":[76],"we":[77],"conducted":[78],"experiments":[80],"by":[81,146,163],"perturbing":[82],"plume-type":[87],"schemes,":[90],"Kain\u2013Fritsch":[91],"Grell.":[93],"Our":[94],"results":[95,203,213],"show":[96],"delayed":[98],"phase":[99,112,126],"land,":[109],"although":[110],"this":[111,216],"delay":[113,127],"was":[114,144],"found":[116],"oceanic":[119],"areas.":[120],"Sensitivity":[121],"tests":[122],"demonstrated":[123],"that":[124,173,189],"land":[131],"depends":[132],"on":[133],"values":[135],"these":[137],"parameters.":[139],"timing":[141],"improved":[145],"enhancing":[147,174],"degree":[149,176],"elimination":[151,178],"vertical":[154,180],"instability":[155,181],"reducing":[157],"rate.":[160],"Further":[161],"analyses":[162],"dividing":[164],"parameterized":[168],"nonparameterized":[170],"demonstrate":[172],"produce":[183],"adequate":[184],"amount":[185],"reduced":[191],"rate":[193],"increase":[195],"cloud":[197],"top,":[198],"improving":[199],"timing.":[201],"apply":[204],"both":[206],"Therefore,":[211],"obtained":[214],"generalized":[220],"range":[223],"parameterizations":[226],"using":[227],"plume":[229],"model.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-12-04T00:00:00"}