{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404875151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","title":"Ultra-low cycle fatigue of ship hull structure \u2013 an alternately-cyclically loaded four-point bending test of a large box girder","display_name":"Ultra-low cycle fatigue of ship hull structure \u2013 an alternately-cyclically loaded four-point bending test of a large box girder","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404875151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97691390","display_name":"Marine Structures","issn_l":"0951-8339","issn":["0951-8339","1873-4170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marine Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006458558","display_name":"Shi Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-3326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-3326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","display_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs1pb34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shi Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute for Ship Structural Design and Analysis (M-10), Am Schwarzenberg Campus 4 C 21073 Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-3326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute for Ship Structural Design and Analysis (M-10), Am Schwarzenberg Campus 4 C 21073 Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091261561","display_name":"S\u00f6ren Ehlers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-9354","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-9354"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f6ren Ehlers","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Maritime Energy Systems, D\u00fcneberger Str. 108 21502 Geesthacht, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Maritime Energy Systems, D\u00fcneberger Str. 108 21502 Geesthacht, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065123916","display_name":"Franz von Bock und Polach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4093-8381","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4093-8381"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","display_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs1pb34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franz von Bock und Polach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute for Ship Structural Design and Analysis (M-10), Am Schwarzenberg Campus 4 C 21073 Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute for Ship Structural Design and Analysis (M-10), Am Schwarzenberg Campus 4 C 21073 Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076804454","display_name":"Moritz Braun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-1698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-1698"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Braun","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Maritime Energy Systems, D\u00fcneberger Str. 108 21502 Geesthacht, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Maritime Energy Systems, D\u00fcneberger Str. 108 21502 Geesthacht, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006458558"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"],"apc_list":{"value":4130,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4130},"apc_paid":{"value":4130,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4130},"fwci":0.9047,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66511532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"100","issue":null,"first_page":"103732","last_page":"103732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10396","display_name":"Fatigue and fracture mechanics","score":0.6323000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10396","display_name":"Fatigue and fracture mechanics","score":0.6323000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12086","display_name":"Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis","score":0.3544999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10219","display_name":"Mechanical Behavior of Composites","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-low-cycle-fatigue","display_name":"ultra-low cycle fatigue","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ship-hull-structures","display_name":"ship hull structures","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/box-girder","display_name":"box girder","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/four-point-bending","display_name":"four-point bending","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hogging-and-sagging","display_name":"hogging and sagging","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plastic-deformation","display_name":"plastic deformation","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-interaction","display_name":"structural interaction","score":0.3440000116825104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37423430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6750281","display_name":"Hull","level":2,"score":0.8633313179016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.8542757034301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.6768771409988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196316656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1371480","display_name":"Girder","level":2,"score":0.6718451380729675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87210426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072476","display_name":"Bending","level":2,"score":0.6262516379356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.46875905990600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189928594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4951591","display_name":"Box girder","level":3,"score":0.4146939814090729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.2659929394721985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06360846757888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.05920243263244629}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97691390","display_name":"Marine Structures","issn_l":"0951-8339","issn":["0951-8339","1873-4170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marine Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:211595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Zeitschriftenbeitrag"},{"id":"doi:10.15480/882.13883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15480/882.13883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15480/882.13883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052987","display_name":"TUHH Open Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I884043246","host_organization_name":"Hamburg University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I884043246"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2024.103732","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97691390","display_name":"Marine Structures","issn_l":"0951-8339","issn":["0951-8339","1873-4170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marine Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27880170","https://openalex.org/W1965916793","https://openalex.org/W1980215285","https://openalex.org/W1983860264","https://openalex.org/W1996739322","https://openalex.org/W2014045462","https://openalex.org/W2051416575","https://openalex.org/W2072076908","https://openalex.org/W2080556426","https://openalex.org/W2098741982","https://openalex.org/W2312810650","https://openalex.org/W2315696464","https://openalex.org/W2781833648","https://openalex.org/W2895703914","https://openalex.org/W2941116687","https://openalex.org/W2949872588","https://openalex.org/W2979488537","https://openalex.org/W3004500520","https://openalex.org/W3039197004","https://openalex.org/W3048661127","https://openalex.org/W3136777644","https://openalex.org/W3166776095","https://openalex.org/W4220834704","https://openalex.org/W4384895484","https://openalex.org/W4389278972","https://openalex.org/W4400857330","https://openalex.org/W6796200759","https://openalex.org/W6944964791","https://openalex.org/W6945179646"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014045462","https://openalex.org/W117940767","https://openalex.org/W4239424509","https://openalex.org/W2080536623","https://openalex.org/W2393446185","https://openalex.org/W2365093549","https://openalex.org/W2383111921","https://openalex.org/W2375876818","https://openalex.org/W2358654973","https://openalex.org/W626547788"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u2022":[0,57,81,98],"An":[1],"alternately-cyclically":[2,156],"loaded":[3,157],"four-point":[4,158],"bending":[5,69,159,224],"test":[6,74,160,229,257,289],"of":[7,21,68,75,121,135,161,175,223,230,255,262,284,295,309],"a":[8,162,263],"large":[9,28,139,163,185,264,296],"box":[10,55,77,83,164,232,238],"girder":[11,41,78,84,165,198,233,239],"is":[12,30,62,79,85,110,166,187,217,234,240],"introduced":[13,167],"to":[14,32,129,171,189,281],"represent":[15,172],"the":[16,26,33,54,73,107,115,144,169,173,183,190,211,228,237,256,259,282,307,312,318],"ultra-low":[17,324],"cycle":[18,125,325],"fatigue":[19,126],"(ULCF)":[20,127],"ship":[22,122,176],"hull":[23,40,177,197],"structure.":[24,178],"During":[25],"test,":[27,184,313],"deformation":[29,47,186,204],"applied":[31,188],"specimen":[34,61,170,191,216],"even":[35,192],"after":[36,193,275,303],"reaching":[37,194,276],"its":[38,195,277],"ultimate":[39,196],"strength":[42,199],"(UHGS),":[43,200],"thus":[44,72,201,227],"extensive":[45,202],"plastic":[46,203],"and":[48,205,273,323],"obvious":[49,206],"fracture":[50,207],"can":[51,148,208,316],"occur":[52,209],"on":[53],"girder.":[56],"The":[58,82,99,213,253,286],"severely":[59,214],"damaged":[60,215],"further":[63,218],"tested":[64,219],"until":[65,220],"1.5":[66,221],"cycles":[67,222,310],"are":[70,225],"finished,":[71,226],"post-damage":[76,231],"realized.":[80,235],"divided":[86,241],"into":[87,242],"3":[88,243],"sub-sections,":[89,244],"which":[90,245,279],"show":[91,246],"different":[92,247],"but":[93,248],"still":[94,249],"interacting":[95,250],"structural":[96,100,251,260],"behavior.":[97,252],"resistance":[101],"against":[102],"bending,":[103],"as":[104,106,168],"well":[105],"load":[108,181],"applied,":[109],"higher":[111],"than":[112],"that":[113],"in":[114,210,311],"existing":[116,300],"research":[117],"works":[118],"regarding":[119],"ULCF":[120,147,174,288],"structures.":[123],"Ultra-low":[124],"refers":[128],"material":[130],"failure":[131],"at":[132],"small":[133],"number":[134,308],"loading":[136],"cycles.":[137],"For":[138],"complex":[140,265,297],"structures":[141,298],"like":[142],"ships,":[143],"damage":[145,269],"from":[146],"bring":[149],"hazardous":[150],"consequences.":[151],"In":[152,179],"this":[153,314],"study,":[154],"an":[155],"every":[180],"during":[182,270],"specimen.":[212],"Moreover,":[236],"result":[254],"shows":[258],"behavior":[261],"structure":[266],"suffering":[267],"severe":[268],"alternate":[271],"hogging":[272],"sagging":[274],"UHGS,":[278],"corresponds":[280],"consequence":[283],"ULCF.":[285],"presented":[287],"also":[290],"provides":[291],"experiences":[292],"for":[293],"investigations":[294],"with":[299],"damages":[301],"or":[302],"accidental":[304],"loads.":[305],"Considering":[306],"study":[315],"bridge":[317],"gap":[319],"between":[320],"monotonic":[321],"overload":[322],"fatigue.":[326]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}