{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404792160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","title":"Historical Assessment and Mapping of Human Plague, Kazakhstan, 1926\u20132003","display_name":"Historical Assessment and Mapping of Human Plague, Kazakhstan, 1926\u20132003","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404792160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39592257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3201/eid3012.231659","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S189281586","display_name":"Emerging infectious diseases","issn_l":"1080-6040","issn":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315581","host_organization_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315581"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079030881","display_name":"Nurkuisa Rametov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-4147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-4147"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nurkuisa Rametov","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062356813","display_name":"Ziyat Zh. Abdel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2738-6818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2738-6818","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-140X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyat Abdel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038123943","display_name":"Zauresh B. Zhumadilova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7489-2737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7489-2737","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-1751"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zauresh Zhumadilova","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005334809","display_name":"Duman T. Yessimseit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-9333","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-9333"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duman Yessimseit","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005496245","display_name":"Beck Z. Abdeliyev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4184-6227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4184-6227"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beck Abdeliyev","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031922289","display_name":"Raikhan S. Mussagaliyeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6838-2338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6838-2338"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raikhan Mussagaliyeva","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135328146","display_name":"Svetlana B. ISSAEVA","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9587-4445","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9587-4445"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Svetlana Issaeva","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078474052","display_name":"Omar F. Althuwaynee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-2046","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-2046"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar F. Althuwaynee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021548058","display_name":"\u0411\u0430\u0439\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d \u0416\u0430\u043a\u0441\u044b\u0431\u0435\u043a \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0431\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-0707","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-0707"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaksybek Baygurin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027411170","display_name":"Kairat Tabynov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-7952","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-7952"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kairat Tabynov","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4453,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82105246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"12","first_page":"2483","last_page":"2493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12232","display_name":"Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12232","display_name":"Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12492","display_name":"Zoonotic diseases and public health","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-plague","display_name":"human plague","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yersinia-pestis","display_name":"Yersinia pestis","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plague-outbreak","display_name":"plague outbreak","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kazakhstan","display_name":"Kazakhstan","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-foci-of-plague","display_name":"natural plague foci","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-mapping","display_name":"spatial mapping","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-routes","display_name":"transmission routes","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flea-bites","display_name":"flea bites","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rodent-bites","display_name":"rodent bites","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airborne-transmission","display_name":"airborne transmission","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-to-human-transmission","display_name":"human-to-human transmission","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-era","display_name":"antibiotic era","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-epidemiology","display_name":"historical epidemiology","score":0.3720000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778059882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133780","display_name":"Plague (disease)","level":2,"score":0.9150797128677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.8417433500289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778222588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153875","display_name":"Yersinia pestis","level":4,"score":0.7403931021690369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5770366787910461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.563370943069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5571507811546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.5224106311798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5171319842338562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.47204574942588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777786777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388162","display_name":"Flea","level":2,"score":0.47118285298347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.39175447821617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.37394505739212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.351095974445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3361130952835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2819793224334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2543593645095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.21777045726776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.20348531007766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0881742537021637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.07918700575828552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60987743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460232","display_name":"Virulence","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007623","descriptor_name":"Kazakhstan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007623","descriptor_name":"Kazakhstan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007623","descriptor_name":"Kazakhstan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007623","descriptor_name":"Kazakhstan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007623","descriptor_name":"Kazakhstan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010930","descriptor_name":"Plague","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015010","descriptor_name":"Yersinia pestis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015010","descriptor_name":"Yersinia pestis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015010","descriptor_name":"Yersinia pestis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015010","descriptor_name":"Yersinia pestis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015010","descriptor_name":"Yersinia pestis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3201/eid3012.231659","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S189281586","display_name":"Emerging infectious diseases","issn_l":"1080-6040","issn":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315581","host_organization_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315581"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39592257","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39592257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Emerging infectious diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11616648","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11616648","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11616648/pdf/23-1659.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Emerg Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0899866bf57e4b8a8464e785afc444d3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0899866bf57e4b8a8464e785afc444d3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 30, Iss 12, Pp 2483-2493 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3201/eid3012.231659","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3012.231659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S189281586","display_name":"Emerging infectious diseases","issn_l":"1080-6040","issn":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315581","host_organization_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315581"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103806653","https://openalex.org/W3155472586","https://openalex.org/W4384297356"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2971898375","https://openalex.org/W2365829171","https://openalex.org/W2145805955","https://openalex.org/W2765335396","https://openalex.org/W1973437440","https://openalex.org/W2098387568","https://openalex.org/W2157740","https://openalex.org/W4229815771","https://openalex.org/W2979673352","https://openalex.org/W2259994594"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"Kazakhstan's":[1],"plague":[2,27,63,133,144],"history":[3],"is":[4],"crucial":[5],"for":[6,22,142],"early":[7],"warning":[8],"and":[9,51,71,90,104,114,138],"effective":[10],"health":[11],"disaster":[12],"management.":[13],"We":[14],"used":[15],"descriptive-analytical":[16],"methods":[17],"to":[18,96],"analyze":[19],"spatial":[20],"data":[21],"human":[23,37,76,129],"cases":[24,38,108],"in":[25,29,42,60,66,146],"natural":[26,132],"foci":[28,134],"Kazakhstan":[30],"during":[31],"1926-2003.":[32],"The":[33],"findings":[34],"revealed":[35],"565":[36],"across":[39],"82":[40],"outbreaks":[41,64,145],"Almaty":[43],"(32.22%),":[44],"Aktobe":[45],"(1.59%),":[46],"Atyrau":[47],"(4.42%),":[48],"Mangystau":[49],"(21.24%),":[50],"Kyzylorda":[52],"(40.53%)":[53],"oblasts.":[54],"Before":[55],"antibiotic":[56],"drugs":[57],"were":[58,94,102,109],"introduced":[59],"1947-1948,":[61],"major":[62],"occurred":[65,117],"1926,":[67],"1929,":[68],"1945,":[69],"1947,":[70],"1948,":[72],"constituting":[73],"80.7%":[74],"of":[75,99,122],"transmission.":[77],"Plague":[78],"spread":[79],"through":[80],"flea":[81],"bites,":[82],"camel":[83],"handling,":[84],"wild":[85],"animal":[86],"contact,":[87],"aerosol":[88],"transmissions,":[89],"rodent":[91],"bites.":[92],"Patients":[93],"up":[95],"86":[97],"years":[98],"age;":[100],"49.9%":[101],"male":[103],"50.1%":[105],"female.":[106],"Pulmonary":[107],"reported":[110],"most":[111],"frequently":[112],"(72.4%),":[113],"person-to-person":[115],"infection":[116],"at":[118],"an":[119],"incidence":[120],"rate":[121],"0.29":[123],"cases/10,000":[124],"population.":[125],"Risk":[126],"increased":[127],"with":[128],"expansion":[130],"into":[131],"areas.":[135],"Swift":[136],"diagnosis":[137],"treatment":[139],"are":[140],"essential":[141],"curbing":[143],"Kazakhstan.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}