{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404755259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","title":"Mapping Surface Deformation in Rwanda and Neighboring Areas Using SBAS-InSAR","display_name":"Mapping Surface Deformation in Rwanda and Neighboring Areas Using SBAS-InSAR","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404755259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16234456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4456/pdf?version=1732720044","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4456/pdf?version=1732720044","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114405154","display_name":"Adrien Mugabushaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4349-4659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4349-4659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405262977","display_name":"Rwanda Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/00w5bze11","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405262977"]}],"countries":["CN","RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrien Mugabushaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Department of Civil Engineering, Rwanda Polytechnic (RP-Ngoma College), Kibungo P.O. Box 35, Rwanda","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4349-4659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Rwanda Polytechnic (RP-Ngoma College), Kibungo P.O. Box 35, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405262977"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007427445","display_name":"Zhenhong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-7449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-7449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Western China\u2019s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-7449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Western China\u2019s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067826064","display_name":"Xuesong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3745-5215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3745-5215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuesong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3745-5215","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029357369","display_name":"Chuang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-9529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-9529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Western China\u2019s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-9529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Western China\u2019s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060039589","display_name":"Bingquan Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-1730","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-1730"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingquan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092405649","display_name":"Bo Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100725516","display_name":"Zhenjiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-4600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-4600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenjiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-4600","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yi Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159790","display_name":"Institute of Earth Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/04nps9965","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029357369"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I25355098","https://openalex.org/I4210159790"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"fwci":0.7016,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64924301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"23","first_page":"4456","last_page":"4456"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-deformation","display_name":"surface deformation","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidence","display_name":"subsidence","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uplift","display_name":"uplift","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sbas-insar","display_name":"SBAS-InSAR","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-delay-correction","display_name":"atmospheric delay correction","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gacos","display_name":"GACOS","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement-time-series","display_name":"displacement time series","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-planning","display_name":"land use planning","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rwanda","display_name":"Rwanda","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighboring-regions","display_name":"neighboring regions","score":0.4819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.8410903215408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.7958952188491821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5334759950637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.4933079779148102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4890526235103607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.2520342469215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.14887318015098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11890283226966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.0814841091632843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.05142766237258911}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16234456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4456/pdf?version=1732720044","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:849bbd8b0b7948cea017c84562c02bef","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/849bbd8b0b7948cea017c84562c02bef","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 23, p 4456 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16234456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234456","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4456/pdf?version=1732720044","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7646999955177307}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3784717026","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021GBJ004577","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4275209577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFC3000400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6060205385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFC3000400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404755259.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404755259.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1648012530","https://openalex.org/W1680996412","https://openalex.org/W1984670836","https://openalex.org/W2043320424","https://openalex.org/W2047029664","https://openalex.org/W2060834220","https://openalex.org/W2099008772","https://openalex.org/W2152657318","https://openalex.org/W2332183900","https://openalex.org/W2423876509","https://openalex.org/W2535625590","https://openalex.org/W2563464697","https://openalex.org/W2566355226","https://openalex.org/W2619251816","https://openalex.org/W2791347111","https://openalex.org/W2797013059","https://openalex.org/W2892096864","https://openalex.org/W2911383634","https://openalex.org/W2922150113","https://openalex.org/W2946295604","https://openalex.org/W2953427638","https://openalex.org/W2969777766","https://openalex.org/W3019807956","https://openalex.org/W3033853845","https://openalex.org/W3090786779","https://openalex.org/W3097961899","https://openalex.org/W3123906669","https://openalex.org/W3125431653","https://openalex.org/W3126150393","https://openalex.org/W3127951249","https://openalex.org/W3129159376","https://openalex.org/W3162001511","https://openalex.org/W3172918829","https://openalex.org/W3207559754","https://openalex.org/W4220935073","https://openalex.org/W4224288347","https://openalex.org/W4229005078","https://openalex.org/W4290612520","https://openalex.org/W4293769187","https://openalex.org/W4296569570","https://openalex.org/W4308697822","https://openalex.org/W4309459160","https://openalex.org/W4312139113","https://openalex.org/W4313244258","https://openalex.org/W4318166376","https://openalex.org/W4318973558","https://openalex.org/W4324056512","https://openalex.org/W4372294437","https://openalex.org/W4379053196","https://openalex.org/W4386858279","https://openalex.org/W4389264384","https://openalex.org/W4395464722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242918400","https://openalex.org/W4285613571","https://openalex.org/W3138360503","https://openalex.org/W4396241171","https://openalex.org/W4322099661","https://openalex.org/W2973112112","https://openalex.org/W4390277479","https://openalex.org/W2382105855","https://openalex.org/W4387709274","https://openalex.org/W4285730473"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surface":[0],"deformation":[1,27,90,108,148,171],"poses":[2],"significant":[3],"risks":[4],"to":[5,43,87,158],"urban":[6],"infrastructure,":[7],"agriculture,":[8],"and":[9,18,29,35,92,114,125,128,150,174,187],"the":[10,19,36,48,68,82,97,106,141,146,153,164,175],"environment":[11],"in":[12,33,172],"many":[13],"regions":[14],"worldwide,":[15],"including":[16],"Rwanda":[17,34,173],"neighboring":[20,37,176],"areas.":[21],"This":[22],"study":[23,103,162],"focuses":[24],"on":[25],"surface":[26,89,133,170],"mapping":[28],"time":[30,94,119],"series":[31,95,120],"analysis":[32],"areas":[38,127],"from":[39],"2":[40],"July":[41],"2016":[42],"8":[44],"June":[45],"2023":[46],"using":[47],"Small":[49],"Baseline":[50],"Subset":[51],"Interferometric":[52],"Synthetic":[53],"Aperture":[54],"Radar":[55],"(SBAS-InSAR).":[56],"The":[57,99],"influence":[58],"of":[59,101,132,166],"atmospheric":[60,78],"delay":[61,79],"error":[62],"is":[63,85],"effectively":[64],"reduced":[65],"by":[66],"integrating":[67],"Generic":[69],"Atmospheric":[70],"Correction":[71],"Online":[72],"Service":[73],"(GACOS),":[74],"which":[75,178],"provides":[76],"precise":[77],"maps.":[80],"Then":[81],"SBAS-InSAR":[83,167],"method":[84],"utilized":[86],"generate":[88],"maps":[91],"displacement":[93],"across":[96,140],"region.":[98],"results":[100],"this":[102,161],"indicated":[104],"that":[105,155],"maximum":[107],"rate":[109],"was":[110],"\u22120.11":[111],"m/yr":[112,116],"(subsidence)":[113],"+0.13":[115],"(uplift).":[117],"Through":[118],"analysis,":[121],"we":[122,143],"quantified":[123],"subsidence":[124,136],"uplift":[126,138],"identified":[129],"key":[130],"drivers":[131],"deformation.":[134,159],"Since":[135],"or":[137],"varies":[139],"region,":[142],"have":[144],"summarized":[145],"different":[147],"patterns":[149],"briefly":[151],"analyzed":[152],"factors":[154],"may":[156],"lead":[157],"Finally,":[160],"underscores":[163],"importance":[165],"for":[168,182],"tracking":[169],"areas,":[177],"offers":[179],"valuable":[180],"perspectives":[181],"sustainable":[183],"land":[184],"utilization":[185],"strategizing":[186],"risk":[188],"mitigation.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}