{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404629620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","title":"Distinct immune responses to HIV and CMV in Hofbauer cells across gestation highlight evolving placental immune dynamics","display_name":"Distinct immune responses to HIV and CMV in Hofbauer cells across gestation highlight evolving placental immune dynamics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404629620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39605623","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11601510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080499656","display_name":"Viviane Schuch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-2933","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-2933"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6332465","display_name":"Morehouse School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbhra64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viviane Schuch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","Morehouse School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-2933","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Morehouse School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093841633","display_name":"Daniel J. Hossack","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6332465","display_name":"Morehouse School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbhra64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Hossack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","Morehouse School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Morehouse School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034738434","display_name":"Tiffany P. Hailstorks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-7508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-7508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiffany Hailstorks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039700578","display_name":"Rana Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6585-0087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6585-0087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rana Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA","University of Miami"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072991309","display_name":"Erica L. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3230-8715","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3230-8715"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6332465","display_name":"Morehouse School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbhra64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erica L. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","Morehouse School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Morehouse School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072991309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6332465"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0008841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1832988","last_page":"1832988"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11510","display_name":"Reproductive System and Pregnancy","score":0.5166000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11510","display_name":"Reproductive System and Pregnancy","score":0.5166000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10981","display_name":"Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research","score":0.4287000000476837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11290","display_name":"Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis","score":0.022199999541044235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hofbauer-cells","display_name":"Hofbauer cells","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/placental-immunity","display_name":"placental immunity","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-cytomegalovirus","display_name":"human cytomegalovirus","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gestational-stage","display_name":"pregnancy stage","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression-profiling","display_name":"gene expression profiling","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-profiling","display_name":"cytokine profiling","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-signaling","display_name":"interferon signaling","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wnt-beta-catenin-signaling","display_name":"Wnt/\u03b2-catenin signaling","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kras-signaling","display_name":"KRAS signaling","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-metabolism","display_name":"lipid metabolism","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogen-responsiveness","display_name":"estrogen response","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th2-cytokines","display_name":"Th2 cytokines","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetal-outcomes","display_name":"fetal outcomes","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.772648811340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5855029821395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.5502368211746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5482740998268127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46973012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627","display_name":"Gestation","level":3,"score":0.5266720652580261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4933604300022125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.41382017731666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.34474262595176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.32316145300865173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13998377323150635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.08823513984680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2024.11.21.624730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.21.624730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.21.624730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:39605623","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39605623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmid:42344922","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42344922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13286909","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13286909/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11601510","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11601510","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11601510/pdf/nihpp-2024.11.21.624730v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e2354b3a2dea486c8329d403f0857fbe","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e2354b3a2dea486c8329d403f0857fbe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1832988/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3775627213","display_name":"How maternal HCMV facilitates in utero transmission of HIV and impacts the developing fetal immune system during gestation","funder_award_id":"R01HD097843","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000877107","display_name":"The Impact of Chronic Stress on Epigenetic Modifications in the Mother-Infant Dyad during Pregnancy","funder_award_id":"R01MD017690","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337534","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000883586","display_name":"Center for Translational Research in Health Disparities","funder_award_id":"U54MD007602","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337534","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337534","display_name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","ror":"https://ror.org/0493hgw16"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404629620.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404629620.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49611453","https://openalex.org/W1970707135","https://openalex.org/W2012034410","https://openalex.org/W2030162851","https://openalex.org/W2034937344","https://openalex.org/W2038485346","https://openalex.org/W2087229111","https://openalex.org/W2102278945","https://openalex.org/W2113360436","https://openalex.org/W2113654929","https://openalex.org/W2121098529","https://openalex.org/W2122029912","https://openalex.org/W2122546244","https://openalex.org/W2139760555","https://openalex.org/W2154947565","https://openalex.org/W2165347529","https://openalex.org/W2167898988","https://openalex.org/W2214074259","https://openalex.org/W2301055642","https://openalex.org/W2415692515","https://openalex.org/W2510028748","https://openalex.org/W2517383091","https://openalex.org/W2806554487","https://openalex.org/W2806953728","https://openalex.org/W3013558569","https://openalex.org/W3024316689","https://openalex.org/W3099862724","https://openalex.org/W3136904596","https://openalex.org/W4231254854","https://openalex.org/W4231316555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313383184","https://openalex.org/W3195879011","https://openalex.org/W3013558569","https://openalex.org/W3166213786","https://openalex.org/W7220412777","https://openalex.org/W4313381180","https://openalex.org/W7221516734","https://openalex.org/W2046870660","https://openalex.org/W3080911557","https://openalex.org/W2806554487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Placental":[1],"immune":[2,87,212,233],"responses":[3,56],"to":[4,58,80,118,123,133,230,246],"Human":[5,10,104],"Immunodeficiency":[6],"Virus":[7],"(HIV)":[8],"and":[9,17,38,44,82,120,138,152,169,187,204,223,234,249],"Cytomegalovirus":[11],"(CMV)":[12],"vary":[13],"across":[14,179],"gestational":[15],"stages":[16,243],"may":[18],"influence":[19],"postnatal":[20],"outcomes.":[21,252],"This":[22],"study":[23],"investigates":[24],"the":[25,96,217,225],"innate":[26,86],"immunity":[27,222],"of":[28,75,99,130,184,189,201,220,244],"Hofbauer":[29],"cells":[30,77,91],"from":[31],"placentae":[32],"obtained":[33],"at":[34,241],"early/mid-gestation":[35,49,76,115,143,208],"(18\u201321.6":[36],"weeks)":[37],"term":[39,59,90,124,160,193],"(>37":[40],"weeks).":[41],"RNA":[42],"sequencing":[43],"cytokine":[45],"profiling":[46,197],"reveal":[47,216],"that":[48],"HCs":[50,116],"exhibit":[51,92],"heightened":[52,211],"differential":[53],"gene":[54,72],"expression":[55,73,200],"compared":[57,122],"HCs,":[60,144,161,209],"indicating":[61,210],"a":[62],"distinct":[63,93,175,242],"transcriptional":[64],"activity":[65],"in":[66,71,78,114,142,192,207],"early":[67],"pregnancy.":[68],"Significant":[69],"overlap":[70],"profiles":[74],"response":[79],"CMV":[81,121,153,162],"HIV":[83,119,146],"suggest":[84],"similar":[85],"responses,":[88],"while":[89],"patterns,":[94],"reflecting":[95],"temporal":[97],"evolution":[98],"placental":[100,221],"immunity.":[101],"Integration":[102],"with":[103,145,182],"Protein":[105],"Atlas":[106],"database":[107],"reveals":[108,128],"more":[109],"placental-specific":[110],"differentially":[111],"expressed":[112],"genes":[113],"exposed":[117],"cells.":[125],"Functional":[126],"analysis":[127,173],"downregulation":[129],"pathways":[131],"related":[132],"oxygen":[134,150],"stress,":[135],"estrogen":[136],"response,":[137],"KRAS":[139],"signaling":[140,168,186],"pathway":[141,177],"uniquely":[147,154],"upregulating":[148],"reactive":[149],"species":[151],"disrupting":[155],"WNT":[156],"\u03b2-Catenin":[157],"signaling.":[158],"In":[159],"exposure":[163],"upregulates":[164],"antiviral":[165],"interferon":[166],"(IFN)":[167],"inflammatory":[170],"pathways.":[171],"Co-expression":[172],"highlights":[174],"molecular":[176],"enrichments":[178],"gestation,":[180],"particularly":[181],"upregulation":[183],"IFN":[185],"disruption":[188],"lipid":[190],"metabolism":[191],"CMV-exposed":[194],"HCs.":[195],"Cytokine":[196],"shows":[198],"enhanced":[199],"GM-CSF,":[202],"IFN-\u03b3,":[203],"Th2-associated":[205],"cytokines":[206],"responsiveness.":[213],"These":[214],"findings":[215],"dynamic":[218],"nature":[219],"underscore":[224],"need":[226],"for":[227],"targeted":[228],"interventions":[229],"address":[231],"unique":[232],"metabolic":[235],"disruptions":[236],"caused":[237],"by":[238],"viral":[239],"infections":[240],"pregnancy":[245],"improve":[247],"fetal":[248],"infant":[250],"health":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2024-11-23T00:00:00"}
