{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404591192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","title":"A Chronology of AI Failures in Safety and Cybersecurity","display_name":"A Chronology of AI Failures in Safety and Cybersecurity","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404591192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404674505","display_name":"NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research.","issn_l":"3059-9148","issn":["3059-9148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101431514","display_name":"Ashish Gautam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-510X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-510X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125414","display_name":"Lincoln University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02yd50j87","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashish Gautam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln University College, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln University College, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061540677","display_name":"Suman Thapaliya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1685-1390","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1685-1390"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125414","display_name":"Lincoln University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02yd50j87","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Thapaliya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln University College, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1685-1390","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln University College, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125414"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5203,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61963748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9169999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.03709999844431877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.017400000244379044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-safety","display_name":"AI safety","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-cybersecurity","display_name":"artificial intelligence in cybersecurity","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-testing","display_name":"adversarial testing","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-kurzweil","display_name":"Ray Kurzweil","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-risks","display_name":"AI risks","score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-ethics","display_name":"AI ethics","score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-market-disruption","display_name":"financial market disruption","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181536285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130788","display_name":"Chronology","level":2,"score":0.8788001537322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5542956590652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3980453610420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.28206175565719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.214069664478302}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404674505","display_name":"NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research.","issn_l":"3059-9148","issn":["3059-9148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/nprcjmr.v1i6.71734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404674505","display_name":"NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research.","issn_l":"3059-9148","issn":["3059-9148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NPRC Journal of Multidisciplinary Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2543240265","https://openalex.org/W2902343562","https://openalex.org/W2944281943","https://openalex.org/W4405087627","https://openalex.org/W4390619448","https://openalex.org/W7151015829","https://openalex.org/W7154061622","https://openalex.org/W4412820691","https://openalex.org/W4407921556","https://openalex.org/W4413793649"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"(AI)":[3],"has":[4],"rapidly":[5],"evolved,":[6],"leading":[7,59],"to":[8,40,60,69,90,118,127,151,221,242],"significant":[9,232],"technological":[10],"advancements":[11],"and":[12,26,37,44,62,73,86,89,96,113,131,156,168,171,208,218],"raising":[13],"important":[14],"questions":[15],"about":[16],"its":[17],"implications":[18,134],"for":[19,93],"society.":[20],"This":[21,66],"study":[22,102,165,211],"examines":[23,123],"the":[24,71,80,132,158,173,186,213,234],"progress":[25],"potential":[27,174],"risks":[28,81],"associated":[29,82],"with":[30,83,181],"AI":[31,53,85,87,98,107,111,115,128,146,162,192,196,229,248],"development,":[32,108],"drawing":[33],"on":[34],"historical":[35],"milestones":[36,105],"expert":[38],"predictions":[39],"outline":[41],"both":[42],"achievements":[43],"failures.":[45],"Ray":[46],"Kurzweil's":[47],"forecasts":[48],"highlight":[49],"a":[50,199],"future":[51,247],"where":[52],"could":[54],"surpass":[55],"human":[56,182],"intelligence,":[57],"potentially":[58],"new":[61],"challenging":[63],"scenarios.":[64],"Aim:":[65],"research":[67],"aims":[68],"explore":[70],"safety":[72,116,129,183,197,238],"security":[74],"challenges":[75,159],"posed":[76],"by":[77],"AI,":[78],"particularly":[79],"malicious":[84],"failures,":[88,112,147],"propose":[91],"strategies":[92],"developing":[94],"safe":[95,191],"reliable":[97],"systems.":[99,193],"Methodology:":[100],"The":[101,164,210],"reviews":[103],"key":[104],"in":[106,160,246],"analyzes":[109],"documented":[110],"compares":[114],"approaches":[117],"cybersecurity":[119],"principles.":[120],"It":[121,224],"also":[122],"Roman":[124],"Yampolskiy's":[125],"contributions":[126],"engineering":[130],"broader":[133],"of":[135,176,188,215,236],"AI's":[136],"integration":[137],"into":[138],"various":[139],"sectors.":[140],"Results:":[141],"Historical":[142],"analysis":[143],"reveals":[144],"numerous":[145],"from":[148,204],"misidentifying":[149],"objects":[150],"causing":[152],"financial":[153],"market":[154],"disruptions,":[155],"highlights":[157],"ensuring":[161],"safety.":[163],"identifies":[166],"intentional":[167],"unintentional":[169],"failures":[170],"emphasizes":[172],"dangers":[175],"malevolent":[177],"AI.":[178],"A":[179],"comparison":[180],"efforts":[184],"underscores":[185],"complexity":[187],"creating":[189],"inherently":[190],"Findings:":[194],"Ensuring":[195],"requires":[198],"multidisciplinary":[200],"approach,":[201],"incorporating":[202],"techniques":[203],"cybersecurity,":[205],"software":[206],"engineering,":[207],"ethics.":[209],"stresses":[212],"importance":[214],"proactive":[216],"measures":[217],"adversarial":[219],"testing":[220],"mitigate":[222],"risks.":[223],"concludes":[225],"that":[226],"while":[227],"current":[228],"systems":[230],"pose":[231],"challenges,":[233],"development":[235],"comprehensive":[237],"mechanisms":[239],"is":[240],"crucial":[241],"prevent":[243],"catastrophic":[244],"outcomes":[245],"advancements.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-11-22T00:00:00"}
