{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404485482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","title":"Exploring the Potential Association Between Frozen Shoulder and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Using Mendelian Randomisation","display_name":"Exploring the Potential Association Between Frozen Shoulder and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Using Mendelian Randomisation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404485482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039614579","display_name":"Bin Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-4460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-4460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029691025","display_name":"Zongyuan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-0400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-0400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zongyuan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115978436","display_name":"Shuai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4920-2669","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4920-2669","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4909-1591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100782792","display_name":"Yanting Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9093-2690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9093-2690","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2488-7499","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5041-9796"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanting Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025341193","display_name":"Mingde Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1445-7856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1445-7856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingde Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"RuiZe Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RuiZe Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ling Kong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113582167","display_name":"Xin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4672-8782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4672-8782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024443127","display_name":"Qianshi Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianshi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025570491","display_name":"Yuxiang Ouyang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxiang Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403951","display_name":"Hua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-7714","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-7714","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-7814"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063070988","display_name":"Yancheng Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-7929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-7929"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119024","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gr42472","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yancheng Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.6685000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.6685000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10671","display_name":"Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments","score":0.17579999566078186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10280","display_name":"Shoulder Injury and Treatment","score":0.08500000089406967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesive-capsulitis","display_name":"frozen shoulder","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease","display_name":"gastroesophageal reflux disease","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-relationship","display_name":"causal relationship","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-risk-factors","display_name":"genetic risk factors","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoulder-pain","display_name":"shoulder pain","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pleiotropy","display_name":"pleiotropy","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-ancestry","display_name":"European ancestry","score":0.3529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43270747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898610","display_name":"Reflux","level":3,"score":0.885553240776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175783326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185055","display_name":"Mendelian inheritance","level":3,"score":0.5722984075546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5329284071922302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5149620175361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5125524997711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4662885367870331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.33726194500923157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23339977860450745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.19143983721733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15659105777740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.08198937773704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5333407/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404033663","https://openalex.org/W4391509773","https://openalex.org/W4390840205","https://openalex.org/W4400320481","https://openalex.org/W4396789513","https://openalex.org/W4392449032","https://openalex.org/W4415137248","https://openalex.org/W4401224216","https://openalex.org/W4389683513","https://openalex.org/W4402256288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background:":[1],"Frozen":[2],"shoulder":[3],"(FS)":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"suggested":[7],"as":[8],"a":[9,28,50,150,239],"potential":[10,151],"risk":[11],"factor":[12],"for":[13,62,74,250],"gastroesophageal":[14],"reflux":[15],"disease":[16],"(GERD).":[17],"However,":[18],"observational":[19],"studies":[20],"are":[21],"limited":[22],"in":[23,197,257],"their":[24],"ability":[25],"to":[26,39,100,138,215,253],"establish":[27],"causal":[29,43,103,152,241],"relationship":[30,153,256],"between":[31,45,154,243],"FS":[32,46,63,155,244],"and":[33,47,95,122,127,156,171,191,245],"GERD.":[34],"Methods:":[35],"This":[36,232],"study":[37,58],"aimed":[38],"investigate":[40],"the":[41,67,79,102,118,140,143,187,198,208,211,248],"genetic":[42,174,240],"association":[44,57,188,242],"GERD":[48,75,157],"using":[49,117],"two-sample":[51,233],"Mendelian":[52],"randomization":[53],"(MR)":[54],"approach.":[55],"Genome-wide":[56],"(GWAS)":[59],"summary":[60,72],"data":[61,73,200,216],"were":[64,76,98,136,201,228],"obtained":[65],"from":[66,78],"UK":[68],"Biobank,":[69],"while":[70],"GWAS":[71,199],"sourced":[77],"FinnGen":[80],"Consortium.":[81],"Multiple":[82],"MR":[83,89,123,234],"methods,":[84],"including":[85,133],"inverse-variance":[86],"weighted":[87,91,96],"(IVW),":[88],"Egger,":[90],"median,":[92],"simple":[93],"mode,":[94,97],"applied":[99],"estimate":[101],"effect.":[104],"To":[105],"assess":[106],"heterogeneity,":[107],"Cochrane's":[108],"Q":[109],"test":[110,121],"was":[111,115,162,176,189],"performed.":[112,230],"Horizontal":[113],"pleiotropy":[114,124,167],"evaluated":[116],"MR-Egger":[119],"intercept":[120],"residual":[125],"sum":[126],"outliers":[128],"(MR-PRESSO)":[129],"test.":[130],"Sensitivity":[131],"analyses,":[132],"leave-one-out":[134,183],"analysis,":[135],"conducted":[137],"ensure":[139],"robustness":[141],"of":[142,165,202,210,238],"findings.":[144],"Results:":[145],"The":[146],"IVW":[147],"method":[148],"indicated":[149],"(P":[158,168,179],"=":[159],"0.018).":[160],"There":[161],"no":[163],"evidence":[164,237],"horizontal":[166],">":[169,180],"0.05),":[170],"heterogeneity":[172],"among":[173],"variants":[175],"not":[177,229],"significant":[178],"0.05).":[181],"Furthermore,":[182],"analysis":[184,235],"demonstrated":[185],"that":[186],"consistent":[190],"reliable.":[192],"Limitations:":[193],"All":[194],"participants":[195],"included":[196],"European":[203],"ancestry,":[204],"which":[205],"may":[206],"limit":[207],"generalizability":[209],"results.":[212],"Additionally,":[213],"due":[214],"constraints,":[217],"stratified":[218],"analyses":[219],"based":[220],"on":[221],"different":[222],"populations,":[223],"ethnicities,":[224],"or":[225],"age":[226],"groups":[227],"Conclusion:":[231],"provides":[236],"GERD,":[246],"highlighting":[247],"need":[249],"further":[251],"research":[252],"explore":[254],"this":[255],"diverse":[258],"populations.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2024-11-19T00:00:00"}
