{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404469879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","title":"Long-Term Cumulative Effect of Management Decisions on Forest Structure and Biodiversity in Hemiboreal Forests","display_name":"Long-Term Cumulative Effect of Management Decisions on Forest Structure and Biodiversity in Hemiboreal Forests","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404469879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/f15112035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/11/2035/pdf?version=1731943295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71324801","display_name":"Forests","issn_l":"1999-4907","issn":["1999-4907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forests","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/11/2035/pdf?version=1731943295","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026332120","display_name":"Teele Paluots","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-6282","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-6282"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19409027","display_name":"Estonian University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s67c790","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268461","display_name":"State Forest Management Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/0121gps96","country_code":"EE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268461"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Teele Paluots","raw_affiliation_strings":["Estonian State Forest Management Centre, M\u00f5isa/3, Sagadi Village, 45403 Haljala Municipality, Estonia","Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Estonian State Forest Management Centre, M\u00f5isa/3, Sagadi Village, 45403 Haljala Municipality, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268461"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015063666","display_name":"Jaan Liira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-0098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-0098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaan Liira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, J. Liivi tn 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8863-0098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, J. Liivi tn 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071163924","display_name":"Mare Leis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19409027","display_name":"Estonian University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s67c790","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mare Leis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022474233","display_name":"Diana Laarmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-3893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-3893"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19409027","display_name":"Estonian University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s67c790","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana Laarmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019926886","display_name":"Eneli P\u00f5ldveer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-0670","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-0670"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19409027","display_name":"Estonian University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s67c790","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eneli P\u00f5ldveer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-0670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055781237","display_name":"Jerry F. Franklin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-6247","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-6247"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerry F. Franklin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Winkenwerder, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Winkenwerder, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023862361","display_name":"Henn Korjus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-7869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-7869"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19409027","display_name":"Estonian University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s67c790","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henn Korjus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-7869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19409027"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026332120"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19409027","https://openalex.org/I4405268461"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2955},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2955},"fwci":0.8397,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65238603,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"11","first_page":"2035","last_page":"2035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12713","display_name":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","score":0.8490999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12713","display_name":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","score":0.8490999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11753","display_name":"Forest Management and Policy","score":0.06790000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.042500000447034836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-forest-management","display_name":"forest management history","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemiboreal-forests","display_name":"hemiboreal forests","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-structure","display_name":"forest structure","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity","display_name":"biodiversity","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/even-aged-stands","display_name":"even-aged stands","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-wood","display_name":"dead wood","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-species-richness","display_name":"tree species richness","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mosses","display_name":"bryophytes","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natura-2000","display_name":"Natura 2000","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protected-forest-areas","display_name":"protected forest","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercial-forests","display_name":"commercial forests","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indicator-species","display_name":"indicator species","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estonian-forests","display_name":"Estonian forests","score":0.6579999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.7293210029602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28631016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372561","display_name":"Forest management","level":2,"score":0.5900956392288208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.5860435366630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.48548129200935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23579818","display_name":"Cumulative effects","level":2,"score":0.4704296290874481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40773776173591614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2956779897212982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1845567226409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15995338559150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/f15112035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/11/2035/pdf?version=1731943295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71324801","display_name":"Forests","issn_l":"1999-4907","issn":["1999-4907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forests","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/f15112035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112035","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/15/11/2035/pdf?version=1731943295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71324801","display_name":"Forests","issn_l":"1999-4907","issn":["1999-4907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forests","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404469879.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404469879.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W633923547","https://openalex.org/W650487803","https://openalex.org/W1549341953","https://openalex.org/W1792724657","https://openalex.org/W1965335994","https://openalex.org/W1967759760","https://openalex.org/W1969789649","https://openalex.org/W1970263318","https://openalex.org/W1973721437","https://openalex.org/W1980264301","https://openalex.org/W1996656563","https://openalex.org/W1996981148","https://openalex.org/W2005574291","https://openalex.org/W2007164027","https://openalex.org/W2015253339","https://openalex.org/W2021816871","https://openalex.org/W2024050986","https://openalex.org/W2029285931","https://openalex.org/W2035247359","https://openalex.org/W2039317838","https://openalex.org/W2040497269","https://openalex.org/W2045272804","https://openalex.org/W2048688251","https://openalex.org/W2057907348","https://openalex.org/W2062131396","https://openalex.org/W2069874608","https://openalex.org/W2078747999","https://openalex.org/W2081141869","https://openalex.org/W2097082625","https://openalex.org/W2100996735","https://openalex.org/W2110584747","https://openalex.org/W2116992738","https://openalex.org/W2122865386","https://openalex.org/W2133348937","https://openalex.org/W2156147700","https://openalex.org/W2157410194","https://openalex.org/W2291648018","https://openalex.org/W2489339057","https://openalex.org/W2732899040","https://openalex.org/W2799355633","https://openalex.org/W2966942186","https://openalex.org/W2999231384","https://openalex.org/W3020953938","https://openalex.org/W3035682091","https://openalex.org/W3035899398","https://openalex.org/W3122806300","https://openalex.org/W3144526075","https://openalex.org/W3167256527","https://openalex.org/W4220961794","https://openalex.org/W4225910673","https://openalex.org/W4372193956","https://openalex.org/W4390511712","https://openalex.org/W4390763893","https://openalex.org/W4391074208","https://openalex.org/W4391155213","https://openalex.org/W6990688772"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400415900","https://openalex.org/W4392984584","https://openalex.org/W7139137689","https://openalex.org/W6961855810","https://openalex.org/W6905744374","https://openalex.org/W7161577954","https://openalex.org/W7117553545","https://openalex.org/W4403281677","https://openalex.org/W4390511712","https://openalex.org/W4211215928"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"evaluated":[1],"the":[2,11,42,92,167,203,288],"long-term":[3,282],"impacts":[4],"of":[5,15,45,58,80,132,169,205,261,281,291],"various":[6],"forest":[7,115,177,266,303],"management":[8,88,171,207,283,300],"practices":[9],"on":[10,110,114,176],"structure":[12,178],"and":[13,26,36,48,66,94,98,106,123,135,144,158,173,179,194,235,248,268,277,295,305],"biodiversity":[14],"Estonian":[16],"hemiboreal":[17],"forests,":[18,28,254],"a":[19,224,256],"unique":[20],"ecological":[21,289],"transition":[22],"zone":[23],"between":[24],"temperate":[25],"boreal":[27],"found":[29],"primarily":[30],"in":[31,76,264],"regions":[32],"with":[33],"cold":[34],"winters":[35],"moderately":[37],"warm":[38],"summers,":[39],"such":[40],"as":[41,279],"northern":[43],"parts":[44],"Europe,":[46],"Asia,":[47],"North":[49],"America.":[50],"The":[51],"study":[52],"examined":[53],"150":[54],"plots":[55,74],"across":[56],"stands":[57],"different":[59],"ages":[60],"(65\u2013177":[61],"years),":[62],"including":[63,117,148],"commercial":[64,107,253],"forests":[65,101,108,187,213],"Natura":[67,103],"2000":[68,104],"habitat":[69],"9010*":[70],"\u201cWestern":[71],"Taiga\u201d.":[72],"These":[73,285],"varied":[75],"stand":[77],"origin\u2014multi-aged":[78],"(trees":[79],"varying":[81],"ages)":[82],"versus":[83],"even-aged":[84,199],"(uniform":[85],"tree":[86,119,192,216],"ages),":[87],"history\u2014historical":[89],"(practices":[90],"before":[91],"1990s)":[93],"recent":[95],"(post-1990s":[96],"practices),":[97],"conservation":[99,174,262,296],"status\u2014protected":[100],"(e.g.,":[102],"areas)":[105],"focused":[109],"timber":[111],"production.":[112],"Data":[113],"structure,":[116],"canopy":[118,191],"diameters,":[120],"deadwood":[121,195,221,233,246],"volumes,":[122,222],"species":[124,180,217,271],"richness,":[125,218],"were":[126,139,163],"collected":[127],"alongside":[128],"detailed":[129],"field":[130],"surveys":[131],"vascular":[133,275],"plants":[134,276],"bryophytes.":[136],"Management":[137],"histories":[138],"assessed":[140],"using":[141],"historical":[142,293],"maps":[143],"records.":[145],"Statistical":[146],"analyses,":[147],"General":[149],"Linear":[150],"Mixed":[151],"Models":[152],"(GLMMs),":[153],"Multi-Response":[154],"Permutation":[155],"Procedures":[156],"(MRPP),":[157],"Indicator":[159,270],"Species":[160],"Analysis":[161],"(ISA),":[162],"used":[164],"to":[165,198,252,301],"evaluate":[166],"effects":[168],"origin,":[170],"history,":[172],"status":[175],"composition.":[181],"Results":[182],"indicated":[183],"that":[184],"multi-aged":[185],"origin":[186,200],"had":[188],"significantly":[189],"higher":[190,245],"diameters":[193],"volumes":[196,247],"compared":[197,251],"stands,":[201],"highlighting":[202],"benefits":[204],"varied-age":[206],"for":[208],"structural":[209],"diversity.":[210],"Historically":[211],"managed":[212],"showed":[214],"increased":[215],"but":[219],"lower":[220],"suggesting":[223],"biodiversity\u2013structure":[225],"trade-off.":[226],"Recent":[227],"management,":[228],"however,":[229],"negatively":[230],"impacted":[231],"both":[232],"volume":[234],"understory":[236],"diversity,":[237],"reflecting":[238],"short-term":[239],"forestry":[240],"consequences.":[241],"Protected":[242],"areas":[243],"exhibited":[244],"bryophyte":[249],"richness":[250],"indicating":[255],"small":[257],"yet":[258],"persistent":[259],"effect":[260],"strategies":[263],"sustaining":[265],"complexity":[267],"biodiversity.":[269,306],"analysis":[272],"identified":[273],"specific":[274],"bryophytes":[278],"markers":[280],"impacts.":[284],"findings":[286],"highlight":[287],"significance":[290],"integrating":[292],"legacies":[294],"priorities":[297],"into":[298],"modern":[299],"support":[302],"resilience":[304]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-11-18T00:00:00"}