{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403847751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","title":"Early CSWT relieves myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-Smad2/3-MMP-9","display_name":"Early CSWT relieves myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-Smad2/3-MMP-9","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403847751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115695501","display_name":"Yang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-2492","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-2492","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9991-4501","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1364-5142"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120169","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g01ht84","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C H U N Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120169","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g01ht84","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C H U N Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364413","display_name":"Lu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-0666","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-0666"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120169","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g01ht84","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L U Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5764,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":6239},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2683,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63908174,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"Supplement_1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11962","display_name":"Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11962","display_name":"Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10675","display_name":"Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11057","display_name":"Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myocardial-fibrosis","display_name":"myocardial fibrosis","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-myocardial-infarction","display_name":"acute myocardial infarction","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tgf-beta1","display_name":"TGF-\u03b21","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smad2-3","display_name":"Smad2/3","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmp-9","display_name":"MMP-9","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sb-431542","display_name":"SB431542","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-function","display_name":"cardiac function","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-ventricular-ejection-fraction","display_name":"left ventricular ejection fraction","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collagen-type-i-and-iii","display_name":"collagen I and III","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiomyocyte-apoptosis","display_name":"cardiomyocyte apoptosis","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiomyocyte-proliferation","display_name":"cardiomyocyte proliferation","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiomyocyte-hypertrophy","display_name":"cardiomyocyte hypertrophy","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myocardial-necrosis","display_name":"myocardial necrosis","score":0.4000000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.964546799659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018763269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038318","display_name":"Myocardial fibrosis","level":3,"score":0.5961712002754211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109523444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424216","display_name":"Matrix metalloproteinase","level":2,"score":0.5573538541793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.5294484496116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605709","display_name":"Fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.49785375595092773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4759918451309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118131993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423671","display_name":"Transforming growth factor","level":2,"score":0.4477371275424957}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae666.1408","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2351400786","https://openalex.org/W2115223685","https://openalex.org/W2765534306","https://openalex.org/W3003761284","https://openalex.org/W4225080935","https://openalex.org/W2997808911","https://openalex.org/W1965163787","https://openalex.org/W2762011694","https://openalex.org/W2475563402","https://openalex.org/W2378713335"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objective":[1],"To":[2],"investigate":[3],"the":[4,7,16,74,140,161,173,198,203,223,228,246,250,261,270,274,289,304,309,320,325,339,343,364,369,385,390,408],"correlation":[5],"between":[6,245,338],"improvement":[8],"of":[9,118,133,353,378,413],"cardiac":[10,31,107,400],"function":[11,401],"and":[12,15,62,80,92,111,116,123,130,135,151,156,168,185,190,192,210,215,217,243,249,281,342,358,402],"myocardial":[13,22,404],"fibrosis":[14,119,405,414],"TGF-\u03b21-Smad2/3-MMP-9":[17,127,409],"signaling":[18,128,410],"pathway":[19,129],"in":[20,70,103,139,160,197,222,239,303,319,336,363,384],"acute":[21],"infarction":[23],"(AMI)":[24],"rats":[25,39],"after":[26],"early":[27],"treatment":[28],"with":[29,407],"extracorporeal":[30],"shock":[32],"wave":[33],"therapy":[34],"(CSWT).":[35],"Methods":[36],"Thirty":[37],"SD":[38],"were":[40,109,137,153,187,194,212,219,360,381],"randomly":[41],"divided":[42],"into":[43],"five":[44],"groups:":[45],"sham":[46,75,174,204,271,310,370],"group":[47,51,55,59,64,79,82,170,175,200,205,225,230,248,252,263,276,291,306,311,322,327,341,345,366,371,387,392],"(6":[48,52,56,60,65],"rats),":[49,53,57,61],"AMI":[50,67,162,199,229,262,290,305,326,365,391],"AMI+CSWT":[54,78,164,224,247,275,321,340,386],"AMI+SB431542":[58,169],"AMI+SB431542+CSWT":[63,81,166,251,344],"rats).":[66],"was":[68,87,158,235,300,316,332],"induced":[69],"all":[71,104],"groups":[72],"except":[73],"group.":[76],"The":[77,126,350,375],"received":[83],"CSWT":[84,398],"treatment.":[85],"Echocardiography":[86],"performed":[88],"at":[89],"4":[90,147],"days":[91,94,148,182],"62":[93,181],"postoperatively":[95],"to":[96,172,202,227,269,288,308,324,368,389],"assess":[97],"left":[98],"ventricular":[99],"ejection":[100],"fraction":[101,298],"(LVEF)":[102],"groups.":[105],"Additionally,":[106],"tissues":[108],"sampled":[110],"evaluated":[112],"for":[113],"pathological":[114],"changes":[115],"degree":[117],"by":[120],"HE":[121],"staining":[122],"Masson":[124],"staining.":[125],"protein":[131],"expression":[132,351,376],"COL-I":[134],"COL-III":[136,359],"detected":[138],"infarcted":[141],"border":[142],"area.":[143],"Results":[144],"(1)":[145],"At":[146,180],"postoperatively,":[149,183],"EF":[150,184,209],"FS":[152,186,211],"significantly":[154,188,195,213,220,301,317,361,382],"lower,":[155,189],"LVESV":[157,193,218,244],"enlarged":[159],"group,":[163,165,167,272],"compared":[171,201,226,268,287,307,323,367,388],"(p":[176,206,231,253,292,312,328,346,372,393],"<":[177,207,232,293,313,329,373,394],"0.05).":[178,208,233,255,294,314,330,348,374,395],"(2)":[179],"LVEDV":[191,216],"higher":[196,302,362],"higher,":[214],"lower":[221,318],"There":[234,331],"no":[236,333],"significant":[237,334],"difference":[238,335],"EF,":[240],"FS,":[241],"LVEDV,":[242],">":[254,347],"(3)":[256],"Histological":[257],"analysis":[258],"showed":[259],"that":[260],"had":[264,277],"more":[265,282],"blue-stained":[266,279],"areas":[267,280,286],"while":[273],"fewer":[278],"neatly":[283],"arranged":[284],"red":[285],"(4)":[295],"Collagen":[296],"volume":[297],"(CVF)":[299],"CVF":[315,337],"(5)":[349],"levels":[352,377],"TGF-\u03b21,":[354],"Smad3,":[355],"MMP-9,":[356],"COL-I,":[357],"these":[379],"proteins":[380],"reduced":[383],"Conclusions":[396],"Early":[397],"improves":[399],"inhibits":[403],"associated":[406],"pathway.pathological":[411],"changesdegree":[412]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}