{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403782012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usae487","title":"Paederus Dermatitis: Two Outbreaks of an Entomologic Disease in Austere Expeditionary Care","display_name":"Paederus Dermatitis: Two Outbreaks of an Entomologic Disease in Austere Expeditionary Care","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403782012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usae487","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39449632"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/milmed/usae487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usae487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usae487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207859457","display_name":"Military Medicine","issn_l":"0026-4075","issn":["0026-4075","0096-6827","1930-613X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Military Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028843219","display_name":"Allison Brindle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303481939","display_name":"Naval Medical Center Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/04vxq1969","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303481939","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2800250139","https://openalex.org/I2800386880"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allison N Brindle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Services, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth , Portsmouth, VA 23708,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Services, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth , Portsmouth, VA 23708,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303481939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114413023","display_name":"Garrett C Ballo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garrett C Ballo","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Raider Battalion, Naval Medical Center , Camp Lejeune, NC 28547,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Raider Battalion, Naval Medical Center , Camp Lejeune, NC 28547,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114413024","display_name":"Charles M Caley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles M Caley","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Raider Battalion, Naval Medical Center , Camp Lejeune, NC 28547,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Raider Battalion, Naval Medical Center , Camp Lejeune, NC 28547,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael J Mason","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J Mason","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marine Raider Regiment, U.S. Marine Forces Special Operations Command , Camp Lejeune, NC 28547,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marine Raider Regiment, U.S. Marine Forces Special Operations Command , Camp Lejeune, NC 28547,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015891886","display_name":"William N Bennett V","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-5946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-5946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799950915","display_name":"Wright-Patterson Air Force Base","ror":"https://ror.org/0097e1k27","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2799950915","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William N Bennett V","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814,","Medicine, Wright Patterson Medical Center , Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-5946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, MD 20814,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medicine, Wright Patterson Medical Center , Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799950915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4985,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4985},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4573,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60332775,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"190","issue":"9-10","first_page":"e2191","last_page":"e2196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13943","display_name":"Beetle Biology and Toxicology Studies","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13943","display_name":"Beetle Biology and Toxicology Studies","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12116","display_name":"Dermatological diseases and infestations","score":0.43479999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11353","display_name":"Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies","score":0.014600000344216824,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paederus-dermatitis","display_name":"Paederus dermatitis","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-outbreaks","display_name":"outbreak","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-operations","display_name":"special operations","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-prevention","display_name":"exposure prevention","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topical-corticosteroids","display_name":"topical corticosteroids","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-africa","display_name":"East Africa","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misdiagnosis","display_name":"misdiagnosis","score":0.6539999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.8709166049957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544453697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1480945","display_name":"Military medicine","level":2,"score":0.5821959972381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5320245623588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.41722601652145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.317524254322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13666799664497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08558204770088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001517","descriptor_name":"Coleoptera","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001517","descriptor_name":"Coleoptera","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001517","descriptor_name":"Coleoptera","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001517","descriptor_name":"Coleoptera","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003872","descriptor_name":"Dermatitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008889","descriptor_name":"Military Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008889","descriptor_name":"Military Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008889","descriptor_name":"Military Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008889","descriptor_name":"Military Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/milmed/usae487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usae487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usae487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207859457","display_name":"Military Medicine","issn_l":"0026-4075","issn":["0026-4075","0096-6827","1930-613X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Military Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39449632","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39449632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Military medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92598535","https://openalex.org/W130070417","https://openalex.org/W2010007281","https://openalex.org/W2024990797","https://openalex.org/W2028407075","https://openalex.org/W2092228874","https://openalex.org/W2098039601","https://openalex.org/W2143081230","https://openalex.org/W2182017919","https://openalex.org/W2371105675","https://openalex.org/W2772738122","https://openalex.org/W3137606715","https://openalex.org/W4229952583","https://openalex.org/W4256578121","https://openalex.org/W4317605994"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W1506200166","https://openalex.org/W1489783725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Paederus":[0,27,89],"dermatitis,":[1,90],"also":[2],"known":[3],"as":[4,121,123,191,223],"dermatitis":[5],"linearis,":[6],"is":[7,31],"an":[8],"acute":[9],"cutaneous":[10],"condition":[11],"caused":[12],"by":[13,22,143,171],"contact":[14],"with":[15,88,140,152],"the":[16,47,101,117,125,133,163,200,207,218,247],"potent":[17],"vesicant":[18],"toxin":[19],"paederin,":[20],"produced":[21],"endosymbiotic":[23],"Pseudomonas-like":[24],"bacteria":[25],"within":[26],"spp.":[28],"beetles.":[29],"Paederin":[30],"a":[32,111,130,144],"protein":[33],"synthesis":[34],"inhibitor":[35],"that":[36,237,243],"halts":[37],"cell":[38],"division,":[39],"leading":[40],"to":[41,72,110,129,157,183,195,205,212],"vesiculation":[42],"and":[43,62,149,217],"necrotic":[44],"breakdown":[45],"of":[46,82,92,146,162,199,209,220,246],"epidermis.":[48],"The":[49],"resultant":[50],"damage":[51],"facilitates":[52],"secondary":[53,169],"infection,":[54],"especially":[55],"in":[56,75,96,116,132,165],"austere":[57],"conditions.":[58],"Between":[59],"October":[60],"2022":[61],"July":[63,166],"2023,":[64],"several":[65],"US":[66],"special":[67],"operations":[68],"teams":[69],"forward":[70],"deployed":[71,112],"various":[73],"countries":[74],"East":[76,213],"Africa":[77],"reported":[78],"over":[79],"17":[80],"cases":[81,137,164,242],"painful,":[83],"blistering":[84],"skin":[85],"eruptions":[86],"consistent":[87],"2":[91],"which":[93],"are":[94],"summarized":[95],"this":[97,192],"report.":[98],"To":[99],"confirm":[100],"best":[102],"treatment":[103],"approach,":[104],"1":[105],"team's":[106],"medic":[107],"reached":[108],"back":[109],"infectious":[113],"disease":[114],"physician":[115],"same":[118],"Combatant":[119],"Command":[120],"well":[122],"through":[124],"DoD":[126],"ADVISOR":[127],"line":[128],"dermatologist":[131],"United":[134],"States.":[135],"All":[136],"were":[138,181],"managed":[139],"irrigation,":[141],"followed":[142],"combination":[145],"topical":[147],"steroid":[148],"antibacterial":[150],"ointments,":[151],"resolution":[153],"occurring":[154],"after":[155],"3":[156],"7":[158],"days,":[159],"whereas":[160],"38%":[161],"2023":[167],"developed":[168],"cellulitis":[170],"day":[172],"7,":[173],"requiring":[174],"oral":[175],"antibiotic":[176],"treatment.":[177],"Strict":[178],"preventative":[179,221],"measures":[180,222],"implemented":[182],"limit":[184],"exposure":[185],"while":[186],"carefully":[187],"observing":[188],"each":[189],"case,":[190],"was":[193],"critical":[194],"optimize":[196],"medical":[197],"readiness":[198],"team.":[201],"Ultimately,":[202],"we":[203,232],"seek":[204],"highlight":[206],"identification":[208],"beetles":[210],"specific":[211,228],"Africa,":[214],"seasonal":[215],"prevalence,":[216],"importance":[219],"they":[224],"vary":[225],"depending":[226],"on":[227],"beetle":[229],"characteristics.":[230],"Additionally,":[231],"reiterate":[233],"classic":[234],"presentation":[235],"features":[236],"help":[238],"avoid":[239],"misdiagnosis":[240],"for":[241],"occur":[244],"outside":[245],"typical":[248],"epidemiologic":[249],"criteria.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
