{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403736085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","title":"Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System (THS) During Closed Lower Limb Fracture Healing in Trauma Smokers\u2019 Patients","display_name":"Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System (THS) During Closed Lower Limb Fracture Healing in Trauma Smokers\u2019 Patients","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403736085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32388/de0eae","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177074","display_name":"Qeios","issn_l":"2632-3834","issn":["2632-3834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Qeios","raw_type":"posted-content"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4403736085"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000408200","display_name":"Moritz Herbst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8495-2267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8495-2267"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Herbst","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049922678","display_name":"Romina H. Aspera-Werz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-2111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-2111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106333","display_name":"Siegfried (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01g3a5n46","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106333"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romina Aspera-Werz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siegfried (Switzerland)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-2111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siegfried (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106333"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056617740","display_name":"Benedikt J. Braun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7575-0568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7575-0568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benedikt Braun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7575-0568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kevin Schulz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-9475","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-9475"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Schulz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-9475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080618005","display_name":"Mika F. R. Rollmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-538X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-538X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mika F. Rollmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-538X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067838878","display_name":"Tina Histing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-2001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-2001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tina Histing","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of T\u00fcbingen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of T\u00fcbingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026380931","display_name":"Andreas Klaus Nussler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-6791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-6791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019120314","display_name":"BG Klinik T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwp6r22","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019120314"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Nussler","raw_affiliation_strings":["BG Klinik T\u00fcbingen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-6791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BG Klinik T\u00fcbingen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019120314"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10658","display_name":"Bone fractures and treatments","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10658","display_name":"Bone fractures and treatments","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.0348999984562397,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-heating-system","display_name":"tobacco heating systems","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-cigarettes","display_name":"electronic cigarettes","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-healing","display_name":"fracture healing","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tibial-fractures","display_name":"tibial fractures","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/femoral-fracture","display_name":"femoral fracture","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distal-femur-fractures","display_name":"distal femur fractures","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smokers","display_name":"smokers","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/former-smokers","display_name":"former smokers","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-switching","display_name":"cigarette switching","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-formation-markers","display_name":"bone formation markers","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-metabolism","display_name":"bone metabolism","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoclast-activity","display_name":"osteoclast activity","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-resorption","display_name":"bone resorption","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthopedic-surgery","display_name":"orthopedic surgery","score":0.7419999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8660663962364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8337478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1777289","display_name":"Bone healing","level":2,"score":0.732976496219635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780554211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176503","display_name":"Femur","level":2,"score":0.6117988228797913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2980337","display_name":"Trauma center","level":3,"score":0.5659300088882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777236700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178366","display_name":"Tibia","level":2,"score":0.5408040285110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992660301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4350503","display_name":"Femur fracture","level":3,"score":0.5407573580741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68312169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216685","display_name":"Orthopedic surgery","level":2,"score":0.5294100046157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777843972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462253","display_name":"Smoking cessation","level":2,"score":0.4579111933708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4374432861804962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776441800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68833","display_name":"Bone fracture","level":2,"score":0.4131318926811218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3784458637237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.22808495163917542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10821056365966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32388/de0eae","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177074","display_name":"Qeios","issn_l":"2632-3834","issn":["2632-3834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Qeios","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32388/de0eae","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32388/de0eae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177074","display_name":"Qeios","issn_l":"2632-3834","issn":["2632-3834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Qeios","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1039675010","https://openalex.org/W1547143435","https://openalex.org/W1965512965","https://openalex.org/W1978488208","https://openalex.org/W1987430079","https://openalex.org/W1992695399","https://openalex.org/W1993490076","https://openalex.org/W1997390961","https://openalex.org/W1999182495","https://openalex.org/W2006797346","https://openalex.org/W2009766515","https://openalex.org/W2017113692","https://openalex.org/W2019022588","https://openalex.org/W2021984638","https://openalex.org/W2022205929","https://openalex.org/W2029499588","https://openalex.org/W2036659284","https://openalex.org/W2050885682","https://openalex.org/W2051916326","https://openalex.org/W2053395404","https://openalex.org/W2054318107","https://openalex.org/W2063276651","https://openalex.org/W2074906434","https://openalex.org/W2087530747","https://openalex.org/W2094714871","https://openalex.org/W2095030054","https://openalex.org/W2096986810","https://openalex.org/W2107045626","https://openalex.org/W2115876219","https://openalex.org/W2120872518","https://openalex.org/W2129244211","https://openalex.org/W2129658846","https://openalex.org/W2151374600","https://openalex.org/W2171217747","https://openalex.org/W2174692708","https://openalex.org/W2179033109","https://openalex.org/W2227752612","https://openalex.org/W2267264234","https://openalex.org/W2310650257","https://openalex.org/W2556820428","https://openalex.org/W2604860225","https://openalex.org/W2741784236","https://openalex.org/W2788079625","https://openalex.org/W2899604438","https://openalex.org/W2901463503","https://openalex.org/W2923041576","https://openalex.org/W3025791741","https://openalex.org/W3080462645","https://openalex.org/W3097878914","https://openalex.org/W3116996589","https://openalex.org/W3199365167","https://openalex.org/W4237593632","https://openalex.org/W4311391169","https://openalex.org/W4318016581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394951352","https://openalex.org/W4401627891","https://openalex.org/W4318016581","https://openalex.org/W4404439489","https://openalex.org/W2094714871","https://openalex.org/W2120985367","https://openalex.org/W4391899716","https://openalex.org/W757567435","https://openalex.org/W4220703642","https://openalex.org/W2182780541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Since":[1],"1976,":[2],"it's":[3],"been":[4],"recognized":[5],"that":[6,243],"increased":[7],"cigarette":[8,275],"consumption":[9],"correlates":[10],"with":[11],"decreased":[12],"bone":[13,40,198,204,266],"density,":[14],"hindering":[15],"fracture":[16,54,82,258],"healing":[17,55,83,259],"and":[18,45,109,152,165,173,180,210,218],"leading":[19],"to":[20,61,65,123,150,245,264,270],"prolonged":[21],"hospitalization.":[22],"Although":[23],"prior":[24],"research":[25],"has":[26],"shown":[27],"the":[28,161,188,215,224,228,271],"relatively":[29],"less":[30],"harmful":[31],"effects":[32],"of":[33,191,227,231,274],"electronic":[34],"nicotine":[35],"delivery":[36],"systems":[37],"(ENDS)":[38],"on":[39,53,139],"cells":[41],"in":[42,260],"lab":[43],"settings":[44],"animal":[46],"models,":[47],"clinical":[48,211,251],"evidence":[49,242],"regarding":[50],"their":[51],"impact":[52],"remains":[56],"scarce.":[57],"This":[58],"study":[59,90,216,238],"aims":[60],"investigate":[62],"whether":[63],"switching":[64,147,244],"a":[66,85,92,102,197],"tobacco":[67],"heating":[68],"system":[69],"(THS)":[70],"post-orthopedic":[71],"surgery":[72],"improves":[73,250],"outcomes":[74,202,252],"for":[75,111,214],"smoking":[76,140],"patients":[77,100,262],"during":[78,160,171,253],"tibia":[79,255],"or":[80,117,158,256],"femur":[81,115,120,257],"over":[84],"6-month":[86],"period.":[87],"METHODS:":[88],"The":[89,183,237],"is":[91],"prospective,":[93],"open-label,":[94],"non-parallel,":[95],"single-center":[96],"trial":[97],"involving":[98],"150":[99],"from":[101,148,156,223],"Level":[103],"1":[104],"Trauma":[105],"center,":[106],"Germany,":[107],"diagnosed":[108],"treated":[110],"closed":[112,114,118,254],"tibia,":[113],"shaft,":[116],"distal":[119],"fractures":[121],"(according":[122],"AO/OTA:":[124],"41A2-41C3,":[125],"42A-C,":[126],"43A-C,":[127],"32A-C,":[128],"33A2-3,":[129],"33B-C).":[130],"Participants":[131],"will":[132,168,186,240],"be":[133,169,187],"categorized":[134],"into":[135],"three":[136],"groups":[137],"based":[138],"behavior:":[141],"smokers":[142],"(no":[143],"intervention),":[144],"THS":[145,246],"(participants":[146,154],"cigarettes":[149,157],"THS),":[151],"ex-smokers":[153],"abstaining":[155],"ENDS":[159],"study).":[162],"Clinical,":[163],"radiological,":[164],"laboratory":[166],"data":[167],"collected":[170],"preoperative":[172],"postoperative":[174],"assessments":[175],"at":[176],"6,":[177],"12,":[178],"18,":[179],"24":[181],"weeks.":[182],"primary":[184],"outcome":[185],"serum":[189],"concentration":[190],"N-terminal":[192],"propeptide":[193],"procollagen":[194],"type":[195],"1,":[196],"formation":[199],"marker.":[200],"Secondary":[201],"include":[203],"metabolism,":[205],"healing,":[206],"immunological,":[207],"blood":[208],"count,":[209],"parameters.":[212],"Approval":[213],"protocol":[217],"consent":[219],"declarations":[220],"was":[221],"obtained":[222],"ethics":[225],"committee":[226],"medical":[229],"faculty":[230],"Eberhard":[232],"Karls":[233],"University":[234],"(724/2022BO1).":[235],"DISCUSSION:":[236],"results":[239],"provide":[241],"previous":[247],"orthopedic":[248],"intervention":[249],"smokers\u2019":[261],"due":[263],"reduced":[265],"resorption":[267],"rate":[268],"consequent":[269],"diminished":[272],"activity":[273],"smoke-activated":[276],"osteoclast.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2024-10-25T00:00:00"}