{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403730438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","title":"Cough2COVID-19 detection using an enhanced multi layer ensemble deep learning framework and CoughFeatureRanker","display_name":"Cough2COVID-19 detection using an enhanced multi layer ensemble deep learning framework and CoughFeatureRanker","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403730438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39448760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76639-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76639-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shabir Hussain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405263052","display_name":"Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/01vceef04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405263052","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shabir Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405263052","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Ayoub","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ayoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048148394","display_name":"Junaid Abdul Wahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-7691","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-7691","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4961-3181"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junaid Abdul Wahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056359162","display_name":"Akmal Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3636-8053","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3636-8053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174731842","display_name":"Islamia University of Bahawalpur","ror":"https://ror.org/002rc4w13","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174731842"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akmal Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Data Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Data Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174731842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080314051","display_name":"Amerah A. Alabrah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-3883","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-3883"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amerah Alabrah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11543, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11543, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066565703","display_name":"Gehad Abdullah Amran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-4199","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-4199"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gehad Abdullah Amran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. jehad.westran@gmail.com","Department of Management Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. jehad.westran@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066565703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"fwci":2.294,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89570565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"25207","last_page":"25207"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.611299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.611299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.2831999957561493,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2-detection","display_name":"COVID-19 detection","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"feature selection","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noninvasive-screening","display_name":"non-invasive screening","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-biomarkers","display_name":"acoustic biomarkers","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19-diagnosis","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis","score":0.6179999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7552859783172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.7265580296516418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.6415866017341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5719739198684692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48982784152030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3207535743713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06760796904563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.05894625186920166}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003371","descriptor_name":"Cough","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76639-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39448760","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39448760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11502923","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11502923","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11502923/pdf/41598_2024_Article_76639.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6698fe3a9fb141a0a8a876e9dcf749a4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6698fe3a9fb141a0a8a876e9dcf749a4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76639-9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76639-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403730438.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403730438.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018824025","https://openalex.org/W2054168018","https://openalex.org/W2064741553","https://openalex.org/W2097036989","https://openalex.org/W2118312276","https://openalex.org/W2123843894","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2191779130","https://openalex.org/W2234281713","https://openalex.org/W2482812992","https://openalex.org/W2783757580","https://openalex.org/W2889442725","https://openalex.org/W2976594877","https://openalex.org/W3010167363","https://openalex.org/W3015034944","https://openalex.org/W3017730472","https://openalex.org/W3023640555","https://openalex.org/W3028563376","https://openalex.org/W3088067841","https://openalex.org/W3091468319","https://openalex.org/W3104903508","https://openalex.org/W3105837102","https://openalex.org/W3106687639","https://openalex.org/W3118723804","https://openalex.org/W3120371034","https://openalex.org/W3121645793","https://openalex.org/W3132012119","https://openalex.org/W3142312189","https://openalex.org/W3152531055","https://openalex.org/W3154826013","https://openalex.org/W3155757473","https://openalex.org/W3155958087","https://openalex.org/W3158767600","https://openalex.org/W3175301885","https://openalex.org/W3186543348","https://openalex.org/W3191726097","https://openalex.org/W3193176099","https://openalex.org/W3193775699","https://openalex.org/W3193859452","https://openalex.org/W3196324719","https://openalex.org/W3196831814","https://openalex.org/W3199310194","https://openalex.org/W3212748377","https://openalex.org/W4206653569","https://openalex.org/W4210259910","https://openalex.org/W4210891265","https://openalex.org/W4213329076","https://openalex.org/W4214746598","https://openalex.org/W4220786037","https://openalex.org/W4220987722","https://openalex.org/W4226532977","https://openalex.org/W4243840056","https://openalex.org/W4280635756","https://openalex.org/W4285811132","https://openalex.org/W4307400454","https://openalex.org/W4310534479","https://openalex.org/W4312084930","https://openalex.org/W4313062509","https://openalex.org/W4313886446","https://openalex.org/W4321765010","https://openalex.org/W4324278381","https://openalex.org/W4352978532","https://openalex.org/W4360979418","https://openalex.org/W4361295502","https://openalex.org/W4362578996","https://openalex.org/W4372082080","https://openalex.org/W4379143744","https://openalex.org/W4380997613","https://openalex.org/W4382681678","https://openalex.org/W4383426413","https://openalex.org/W4392052980","https://openalex.org/W4400281082"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W3009238340","https://openalex.org/W4360585206","https://openalex.org/W4285208911","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3082895349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"response":[1],"to":[2,69,125,203,215],"the":[3,16,31,44,79,93,99,112,131,135,145,201,224,228],"pressing":[4],"requirement":[5],"for":[6],"precise":[7,187],"and":[8,23,41,175,219],"easily":[9],"accessible":[10],"COVID-19":[11,74,148,158],"detection":[12,159],"methods,":[13,29],"we":[14],"present":[15],"Cough2COVID-19":[17,80,151],"framework,":[18,81],"which":[19,96],"is":[20,138],"cost-effective,":[21],"non-intrusive,":[22],"widely":[24],"accessible.":[25],"The":[26,108,128,150],"conventional":[27],"diagnostic":[28],"notably":[30],"PCR":[32],"test,":[33],"are":[34],"encumbered":[35],"by":[36,207],"limitations":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39],"cost":[40],"invasiveness.":[42],"Consequently,":[43],"exploration":[45],"of":[46,101,130,147,167,170,173,179],"alternative":[47],"solutions":[48],"has":[49],"gained":[50],"momentum.":[51],"Our":[52,181],"innovative":[53],"approach":[54,214],"employs":[55],"a":[56,165,212],"multi-layer":[57],"ensemble":[58,136],"deep":[59],"learning":[60],"(MLEDL)":[61,152],"framework":[62,137,153,182],"that":[63],"capitalizes":[64],"on":[65,117,144],"cough":[66,106,161],"audio":[67,162],"signals":[68],"achieve":[70],"heightened":[71],"efficiency":[72],"in":[73,157,186,223],"detection.":[75,149],"This":[76,197],"study":[77,91],"introduces":[78],"effectively":[82],"addressing":[83],"these":[84],"challenges":[85],"through":[86,160,190],"AI-driven":[87],"analysis.":[88],"Additionally,":[89],"this":[90],"proposed":[92],"CoughFeatureRanker":[94,109,132],"algorithm,":[95],"delves":[97],"into":[98],"robustness":[100],"pivotal":[102],"features":[103,115,124],"embedded":[104],"within":[105,134],"audios.":[107],"algorithm":[110,133],"selects":[111],"most":[113],"prominent":[114],"based":[116],"their":[118],"optimal":[119],"discriminatory":[120],"performance":[121],"from":[122],"15":[123],"detect":[126],"COVID-19.":[127],"effectiveness":[129],"scrutinized,":[139],"confirming":[140],"its":[141,184],"favorable":[142],"influence":[143],"accuracy":[146,172],"achieves":[154],"remarkable":[155],"outcomes":[156],"signals,":[163],"boasting":[164],"specificity":[166],"98%,":[168,174],"sensitivity":[169],"97%,":[171],"an":[176,191],"AUC":[177],"score":[178],"0.981.":[180],"asserts":[183],"supremacy":[185],"non-invasive":[188],"screening":[189],"exhaustive":[192],"comparison":[193],"with":[194],"cutting-edge":[195],"methodologies.":[196],"groundbreaking":[198],"innovation":[199],"holds":[200],"potential":[202],"enhance":[204],"urban":[205],"resilience":[206],"transforming":[208],"disease":[209],"diagnosis,":[210],"offering":[211],"significant":[213],"curtailing":[216],"transmission":[217],"risks":[218],"facilitating":[220],"timely":[221],"interventions":[222],"ongoing":[225],"battle":[226],"against":[227],"pandemic.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
