{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403607093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","title":"A new virtual water qualimeter with a changeable broken linear pointer based on a quadrant circular constellation graph","display_name":"A new virtual water qualimeter with a changeable broken linear pointer based on a quadrant circular constellation graph","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403607093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2024.347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/wst.2024.347/1496847/wst2024347.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4403607093"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/wst.2024.347/1496847/wst2024347.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085355140","display_name":"Won-Chol Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9340-1975","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9340-1975"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I344333522","display_name":"Kim Chaek University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vew1z32","country_code":"KP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}],"countries":["KP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Won-Chol Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9340-1975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017375878","display_name":"Jae-Bok Ri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2281-0748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2281-0748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I344333522","display_name":"Kim Chaek University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vew1z32","country_code":"KP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}],"countries":["KP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Bok Ri","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2281-0748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062275521","display_name":"Myong-Song Om","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I344333522","display_name":"Kim Chaek University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vew1z32","country_code":"KP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}],"countries":["KP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myong-Song Om","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114347606","display_name":"Un-Ha Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I344333522","display_name":"Kim Chaek University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vew1z32","country_code":"KP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}],"countries":["KP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Un-Ha Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061681666","display_name":"Wi-Song Ri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I344333522","display_name":"Kim Chaek University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vew1z32","country_code":"KP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}],"countries":["KP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wi-Song Ri","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062502713","display_name":"Sun-Hak Sok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I344333522","display_name":"Kim Chaek University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04vew1z32","country_code":"KP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}],"countries":["KP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun-Hak Sok","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085355140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I344333522"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"90","issue":"9","first_page":"2413","last_page":"2428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.40869998931884766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.40869998931884766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.29760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.08659999817609787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality-assessment","display_name":"water quality assessment","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-data-visualization","display_name":"multivariate data visualization","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-criteria-decision-making","display_name":"multi-criteria decision making","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-and-wastewater-treatment","display_name":"water and wastewater treatment","score":0.8730000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.6494461894035339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.6139931082725525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.6030735373497009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5488916635513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780639617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6516972","display_name":"Quadrant (abdomen)","level":2,"score":0.5314791202545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.35572636127471924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.29432493448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.22899341583251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21987521648406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.09776237607002258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08555695414543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2024.347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/wst.2024.347/1496847/wst2024347.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2024.347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.347","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/wst.2024.347/1496847/wst2024347.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.965499997138977,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403607093.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403607093.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561215347","https://openalex.org/W1977947866","https://openalex.org/W2002475469","https://openalex.org/W2025592720","https://openalex.org/W2042562350","https://openalex.org/W2051071779","https://openalex.org/W2074318306","https://openalex.org/W2086784881","https://openalex.org/W2103326105","https://openalex.org/W2125795393","https://openalex.org/W2323802862","https://openalex.org/W2357285478","https://openalex.org/W2473633720","https://openalex.org/W2751442030","https://openalex.org/W2768111928","https://openalex.org/W2772925321","https://openalex.org/W2791142411","https://openalex.org/W2800240110","https://openalex.org/W3022212173","https://openalex.org/W3023852953","https://openalex.org/W3038736627","https://openalex.org/W3093688720","https://openalex.org/W3138661562","https://openalex.org/W3169326399","https://openalex.org/W3203355929","https://openalex.org/W4225248915","https://openalex.org/W4306638429","https://openalex.org/W4307025838","https://openalex.org/W4309951994","https://openalex.org/W4317214672","https://openalex.org/W4319970110","https://openalex.org/W4353079182","https://openalex.org/W4361277885","https://openalex.org/W4361283781","https://openalex.org/W4376648410"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400078089","https://openalex.org/W2483039795","https://openalex.org/W3048172812","https://openalex.org/W3148505280","https://openalex.org/W3025935802","https://openalex.org/W2365441645","https://openalex.org/W3136561572","https://openalex.org/W4206276298","https://openalex.org/W2379388756","https://openalex.org/W6903735965"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"As":[1],"water":[2,20,116,158,196],"is":[3,14,24,51,70,171],"a":[4,48,76,95,110,121,129,148,152],"very":[5,25],"important":[6,26],"natural":[7],"resource":[8],"for":[9,27,105],"humans":[10],"and":[11,35,46,61,103,137,151,197],"its":[12,83,168],"quality":[13,21,159],"closely":[15],"related":[16],"to":[17,90,173,183],"human":[18,31],"health,":[19,32],"evaluation":[22],"(WQE)":[23],"the":[28,53,58,79,100,140,157],"protection":[29],"of":[30,37,57,176],"livelihoods,":[33],"environment,":[34],"management":[36],"water.":[38],"Although":[39],"various":[40,189],"WQE":[41,59,186],"methods":[42,54],"have":[43,144],"been":[44],"developed":[45],"used,":[47],"common":[49],"drawback":[50],"that":[52],"lack":[55],"visualization":[56],"results":[60],"require":[62],"additional":[63],"complicated":[64],"graphical":[65],"techniques.":[66],"The":[67],"Pointer":[68],"meter":[69,102],"an":[71],"analogue":[72],"measuring":[73],"device":[74],"with":[75,82,134,147],"pointer":[77,101,113,133,142],"indicating":[78],"measured":[80],"value":[81],"location.":[84],"A":[85],"constellation":[86,124],"graph":[87,125],"(CG)":[88],"enables":[89],"map":[91],"multi-dimensional":[92],"data":[93],"on":[94,120],"two-dimensional":[96],"plane.":[97],"By":[98],"introducing":[99],"CG":[104],"WQE,":[106],"this":[107],"paper":[108],"proposes":[109],"new":[111],"visualized":[112],"meter-type":[114],"virtual":[115],"qualimeter":[117],"(VWQ-meter)":[118],"based":[119],"quadrant":[122],"circular":[123],"(QCCG).":[126],"It":[127,155,178],"has":[128],"changeable":[130],"broken":[131],"linear":[132],"variable":[135],"lengths":[136],"shapes,":[138],"while":[139],"traditional":[141],"meters":[143],"straight-line":[145,153],"pointers":[146],"fixed":[149],"length":[150],"shape.":[154],"evaluates":[156],"not":[160,184],"only":[161,185],"quantitatively":[162],"but":[163,187],"also":[164,188],"intuitively.":[165],"To":[166],"demonstrate":[167],"effectiveness,":[169],"it":[170],"applied":[172,182],"one":[174],"example":[175],"WQE.":[177],"could":[179],"be":[180],"widely":[181],"multi-criteria":[190],"decision-making":[191],"(MCDM)":[192],"problems":[193],"arising":[194],"in":[195],"wastewater":[198],"treatment.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2024-10-22T00:00:00"}
