{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403555367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.00557","title":"Learning to Ask: When LLM Agents Meet Unclear Instruction","display_name":"Learning to Ask: When LLM Agents Meet Unclear Instruction","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403555367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.00557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.00557","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00557","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.00557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.00557","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106746626","display_name":"Wenxuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-8204","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-8204"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Wenxuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111105332","display_name":"Juluan Shi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi, Juluan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ling, Zixuan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling, Zixuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chan, Yuk-Kit","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chan, Yuk-Kit","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019372259","display_name":"Chaozheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3935-7328","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3935-7328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Chaozheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040568679","display_name":"Cheryl Q. E. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-0833","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-0833"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Cheryl","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101287548","display_name":"Youliang Yuan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan, Youliang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114328717","display_name":"Jen-tse Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Jen-tse","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong","The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiao, Wenxiang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao, Wenxiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069596903","display_name":"Michael Rung-Tsong Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3666-5798","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3666-5798"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lyu, Michael R.","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.3009999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.3009999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.26339998841285706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.20309999585151672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tool-use","display_name":"tool use","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function-calling","display_name":"function calling","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hallucinations","display_name":"hallucinations","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/next-token-prediction","display_name":"next-token prediction","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-assessment","display_name":"automated assessment","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.9108662605285645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.34193283319473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.27227693796157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.07367786765098572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.00557","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00557","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.00557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2409.00557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.00557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2409.00557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2409.00557","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00557","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.00557","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403555367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403555367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385474529","https://openalex.org/W7152535284","https://openalex.org/W4404782902","https://openalex.org/W7125205848","https://openalex.org/W4411700982","https://openalex.org/W4406058768","https://openalex.org/W4390897317","https://openalex.org/W7130482494","https://openalex.org/W4409657210","https://openalex.org/W4402671703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Equipped":[0],"with":[1],"the":[2,28,39,56,61,72,79,97,107,147,179,189],"capability":[3],"to":[4,96,104,113,131,134,141,145,199],"call":[5],"functions,":[6],"modern":[7],"large":[8],"language":[9,24],"models":[10],"(LLMs)":[11],"can":[12],"leverage":[13],"external":[14],"tools":[15,33],"for":[16,185],"addressing":[17],"a":[18,84,123],"range":[19],"of":[20,31,42,63],"tasks":[21],"unattainable":[22],"through":[23],"skills":[25],"alone.":[26],"However,":[27],"effective":[29],"execution":[30],"these":[32],"relies":[34],"heavily":[35],"not":[36],"just":[37],"on":[38,46],"advanced":[40],"capabilities":[41],"LLMs":[43,64,102,130,156],"but":[44],"also":[45],"precise":[47],"user":[48],"instructions,":[49,68],"which":[50,110,128],"often":[51],"cannot":[52],"be":[53],"ensured":[54],"in":[55,151,158,188],"real":[57],"world.":[58],"To":[59,117],"evaluate":[60],"performance":[62,157],"tool-use":[65,86],"under":[66],"imperfect":[67],"we":[69,121,167],"meticulously":[70],"examine":[71],"real-world":[73],"instructions":[74],"queried":[75],"from":[76,161],"users,":[77],"analyze":[78],"error":[80],"patterns,":[81],"and":[82,115,154,164,197],"build":[83],"challenging":[85],"benchmark":[87],"called":[88],"Noisy":[89],"ToolBench":[90],"(NoisyToolBench).":[91],"We":[92,191],"find":[93],"that":[94,178],"due":[95,140],"next-token":[98],"prediction":[99],"training":[100],"objective,":[101],"tend":[103],"arbitrarily":[105],"generate":[106],"missed":[108],"argument,":[109],"may":[111],"lead":[112],"hallucinations":[114],"risks.":[116],"address":[118],"this":[119],"issue,":[120],"propose":[122],"novel":[124],"framework,":[125],"Ask-when-Needed":[126],"(AwN),":[127],"prompts":[129],"ask":[132],"questions":[133],"users":[135],"whenever":[136],"they":[137],"encounter":[138],"obstacles":[139],"unclear":[142],"instructions.":[143],"Moreover,":[144],"reduce":[146],"manual":[148],"labor":[149],"involved":[150],"user-LLM":[152],"interaction":[153],"assess":[155],"tool":[159,172,186],"utilization":[160],"both":[162],"accuracy":[163],"efficiency":[165],"perspectives,":[166],"design":[168],"an":[169],"automated":[170],"evaluation":[171],"named":[173],"ToolEvaluator.":[174],"Our":[175],"experiments":[176],"demonstrate":[177],"AwN":[180],"significantly":[181],"outperforms":[182],"existing":[183],"frameworks":[184],"learning":[187],"NoisyToolBench.":[190],"will":[192],"release":[193],"all":[194],"related":[195],"code":[196],"datasets":[198],"support":[200],"future":[201],"research.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-10-19T00:00:00"}
