{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403501455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","title":"AN ENSEMBLE ADAPTIVE REINFORCEMENT LEARNING BASED EFFICIENT LOAD BALANCING IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS","display_name":"AN ENSEMBLE ADAPTIVE REINFORCEMENT LEARNING BASED EFFICIENT LOAD BALANCING IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403501455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765031152","display_name":"ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology","issn_l":"0976-0091","issn":["0976-0091","2229-6948"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318692","host_organization_name":"ICT Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318692"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICT Academy"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109755805","display_name":"G. Rajiv Suresh Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3862-6387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3862-6387"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajiv Suresh Kumar G","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108962945","display_name":"G. Arul Geetha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-8135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-8135"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arul Geetha G","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"3223","last_page":"3227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"load balancing","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-networks","display_name":"mobile ad hoc networks","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/q-learning","display_name":"Q-learning","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-q-network","display_name":"deep Q-network","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-reinforcement-learning","display_name":"multi-agent reinforcement learning","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/route-optimization","display_name":"route optimization","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congestion","display_name":"congestion","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-delivery-ratio","display_name":"packet delivery ratio","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-delay","display_name":"end-to-end delay","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-efficiency","display_name":"energy efficiency","score":0.843999981880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8621545433998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.854336142539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.6526702642440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.43194475769996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3904150128364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3200998306274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2648327052593231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.06433463096618652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765031152","display_name":"ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology","issn_l":"0976-0091","issn":["0976-0091","2229-6948"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318692","host_organization_name":"ICT Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318692"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICT Academy"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21917/ijct.2024.0480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765031152","display_name":"ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology","issn_l":"0976-0091","issn":["0976-0091","2229-6948"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318692","host_organization_name":"ICT Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318692"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICT Academy"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.651199996471405}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7161281949","https://openalex.org/W2172195100","https://openalex.org/W7128949737","https://openalex.org/W1894885767","https://openalex.org/W2142447180","https://openalex.org/W7160637405","https://openalex.org/W7222113267","https://openalex.org/W2101173384","https://openalex.org/W7163818788","https://openalex.org/W3046933265"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"his":[0],"research":[1],"work":[2],"introduces":[3],"an":[4],"Ensemble":[5],"Adaptive":[6],"Reinforcement":[7],"Learning":[8],"(EARL)":[9],"approach":[10],"for":[11],"efficient":[12],"load":[13],"balancing":[14],"in":[15,107],"Mobile":[16],"Ad":[17],"Hoc":[18],"Networks":[19],"(MANETs).":[20],"Traditional":[21],"methods":[22,81],"often":[23],"fail":[24],"to":[25,27,34,51],"adapt":[26],"the":[28,64],"dynamic":[29,108],"nature":[30],"of":[31,66],"MANETs,":[32],"leading":[33],"congestion":[35],"and":[36,47,71,84,99],"inefficiency.":[37],"EARL":[38,77],"leverages":[39],"multiple":[40],"reinforcement":[41],"learning":[42],"agents,":[43,68],"trained":[44],"with":[45],"Q-learning":[46],"Deep":[48],"Q-Networks":[49],"(DQN),":[50],"optimize":[52],"routing":[53],"decisions":[54],"based":[55],"on":[56],"real-time":[57],"network":[58,109],"conditions.":[59],"The":[60],"ensemble":[61],"mechanism":[62],"combines":[63],"strengths":[65],"individual":[67],"enhancing":[69],"adaptability":[70],"performance.":[72],"Simulation":[73],"results":[74],"demonstrate":[75],"that":[76],"significantly":[78],"outperforms":[79],"traditional":[80],"like":[82],"AODV":[83],"DSR,":[85],"achieving":[86],"higher":[87],"packet":[88,101],"delivery":[89],"ratios,":[90],"lower":[91],"end-to-end":[92],"delays,":[93],"increased":[94],"throughput,":[95],"better":[96],"energy":[97],"efficiency,":[98],"reduced":[100],"loss,":[102],"thereby":[103],"proving":[104],"its":[105],"effectiveness":[106],"environments.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2024-10-18T00:00:00"}
