{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403142011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","title":"Diversity of Sand Flies and Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Humans and Domestic Animals at Lower Dir, Pakistan","display_name":"Diversity of Sand Flies and Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Humans and Domestic Animals at Lower Dir, Pakistan","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403142011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","pdf_url":"https://kurdishstudies.net/menu-script/index.php/KS/article/download/3444/2331/6536","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179909","display_name":"Kurdish Studies","issn_l":"2051-4883","issn":["2051-4883","2051-4891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4392021135","host_organization_name":"Transnational Press London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392021135"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kurdish Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://kurdishstudies.net/menu-script/index.php/KS/article/download/3444/2331/6536","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013925361","display_name":"Mohammad Attaullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3381-5698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3381-5698"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Attaullah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013925361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3841,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64842247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1158","last_page":"1166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10823","display_name":"Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10823","display_name":"Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12047","display_name":"Viral Infections and Vectors","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10890","display_name":"Trypanosoma species research and implications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cutaneous-leishmaniasis","display_name":"cutaneous leishmaniasis","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sand-flies","display_name":"sand flies","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phlebotomus-sergenti","display_name":"Phlebotomus sergenti","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phlebotomus-major","display_name":"Phlebotomus major","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-animals","display_name":"domestic animals","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lower-dir","display_name":"Lower Dir","score":0.7350000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.7420703172683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778702967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2590966","display_name":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis","level":3,"score":0.7021378874778748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.6868430376052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776555147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331283","display_name":"Leishmaniasis","level":2,"score":0.6791495680809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5189168453216553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.5188299417495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777983519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753860","display_name":"Psychodidae","level":3,"score":0.49283313751220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.443869948387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779761457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1709478","display_name":"Phlebotomus","level":4,"score":0.43793100118637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781092759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524818","display_name":"Leishmania","level":3,"score":0.4119238257408142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3454674780368805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.3241814970970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24412009119987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.18213367462158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71928629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804206","display_name":"Parasite hosting","level":2,"score":0.07288965582847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06506234407424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","pdf_url":"https://kurdishstudies.net/menu-script/index.php/KS/article/download/3444/2331/6536","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179909","display_name":"Kurdish Studies","issn_l":"2051-4883","issn":["2051-4883","2051-4891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4392021135","host_organization_name":"Transnational Press London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392021135"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kurdish Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ks.v12i5.3444","pdf_url":"https://kurdishstudies.net/menu-script/index.php/KS/article/download/3444/2331/6536","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179909","display_name":"Kurdish Studies","issn_l":"2051-4883","issn":["2051-4883","2051-4891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4392021135","host_organization_name":"Transnational Press London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392021135"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kurdish Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403142011.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403142011.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2418179722","https://openalex.org/W2314914958","https://openalex.org/W38979820","https://openalex.org/W1422016177","https://openalex.org/W2401891136","https://openalex.org/W130457973","https://openalex.org/W4390885843","https://openalex.org/W2051640940","https://openalex.org/W2186152422","https://openalex.org/W2026913033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cutaneous":[0],"leishmaniasis":[1],"(CL)":[2],"in":[3,42,53,89,150,171,177],"Pakistan":[4],"is":[5,19],"considered":[6],"to":[7,69,91,160,174],"be":[8],"a":[9,126],"serious":[10],"issue,":[11],"and":[12,32,37,45,64,78,136,148],"the":[13,27,38,49,71,86,104,110,118,139,143,161],"primary":[14],"cause":[15],"of":[16,29,40,57,73,82,113,115,129,142],"this":[17],"dilemma":[18],"reported":[20,102],"through":[21],"sand":[22,30,58,116],"flies.The":[23],"study":[24],"focuses":[25],"on":[26],"diversity":[28],"flies":[31],"their":[33],"associated":[34],"risk":[35,87,120],"factors":[36,88,121],"prevalence":[39,97,166],"CL":[41],"Lower":[43],"Dir":[44],"as":[46,48],"well":[47],"leishmania":[50],"parasites":[51],"incidence":[52],"domestic":[54],"pets.Three":[55],"species":[56],"flies,":[59],"P.":[60,62,65],"sergenti,":[61],"salengensis,":[63],"major,":[66],"were":[67,145,168],"captured":[68],"establish":[70],"efficacy":[72,100],"castor":[74],"oil,":[75,77],"mustard":[76,105],"glycerin.A":[79],"household":[80,140],"survey":[81],"1,388":[83],"people":[84],"assessed":[85],"relation":[90],"CL.":[92],"Pets":[93],"sampling":[94],"determined":[95],"regional":[96],"rates.Better":[98],"catching":[99],"was":[101],"for":[103],"oil":[106],"traps,":[107],"which":[108],"trapped":[109],"highest":[111],"number":[112],"catches":[114],"flies.Most":[117],"identified":[119],"included":[122],"travel":[123],"history":[124],"(76.94%),":[125],"high":[127],"rate":[128,131],"unemployment":[130],"(46.25%),":[132],"agricultural":[133],"occupation":[134],"(18.52%),":[135],"activities":[137],"outside":[138],"(72.33%).Most":[141],"respondents":[144],"rural":[146],"dweller":[147],"living":[149],"cement":[151],"or":[152],"brick":[153],"houses":[154],"with":[155],"domesticated":[156],"animals,":[157],"hence":[158],"exposed":[159],"vectors.Regional":[162],"analysis":[163],"indicated":[164],"that":[165],"rates":[167],"however":[169],"higher":[170],"pets":[172],"compared":[173],"Timergra":[175],"(65.22%)":[176],"Khal":[178],"(63.08%)..":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}