{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403127050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","title":"Experiences and Lessons from Field Demonstration of Grid-forming Inverter in An AC Microgrid","display_name":"Experiences and Lessons from Field Demonstration of Grid-forming Inverter in An AC Microgrid","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403127050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212590","display_name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","issn_l":"1932-5517","issn":["1932-5517","2693-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2324967","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012716424","display_name":"Giji Skaria","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giji Skaria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Resilient, Intelligent and Sustainable Energy Systems (RISES), University of Central Florida,Orlando,Florida,USA,32816"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Resilient, Intelligent and Sustainable Energy Systems (RISES), University of Central Florida,Orlando,Florida,USA,32816","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026028660","display_name":"Ganesh Marasini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2149-9537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2149-9537"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ganesh Marasini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Resilient, Intelligent and Sustainable Energy Systems (RISES), University of Central Florida,Orlando,Florida,USA,32816"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Resilient, Intelligent and Sustainable Energy Systems (RISES), University of Central Florida,Orlando,Florida,USA,32816","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004116271","display_name":"Zhihua Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6710-7134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6710-7134"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihua Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Resilient, Intelligent and Sustainable Energy Systems (RISES), University of Central Florida,Orlando,Florida,USA,32816"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Resilient, Intelligent and Sustainable Energy Systems (RISES), University of Central Florida,Orlando,Florida,USA,32816","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Paul Brooker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Brooker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002558012","display_name":"Rubin York","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rubin York","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056851831","display_name":"Timothy Remo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Remo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107744517","display_name":"Alexandre Fiset","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Fiset","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113417861","display_name":"Maguire Mulligan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maguire Mulligan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Justin Kramer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Kramer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emerging Technologies, Orlando Utilities Commission,Orlando,Florida,USA,32839","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6391,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6154982,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.010599999688565731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-forming-inverters","display_name":"grid-forming inverters","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-microgrids","display_name":"AC microgrids","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-demonstration","display_name":"field demonstration","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-level-neutral-point-clamped-inverter","display_name":"three-level neutral point clamped inverter","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-sources","display_name":"photovoltaic sources","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle-charging-stations","display_name":"electric vehicle charging stations","score":0.8259999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.9141712188720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.7040325403213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6380106210708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5597067475318909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5388438701629639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4638184905052185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.36925578117370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2771354913711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.16407087445259094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07872718572616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm51994.2024.10689195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212590","display_name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","issn_l":"1932-5517","issn":["1932-5517","2693-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2324967","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2324967","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2324967","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2326008","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2326008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2324967","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2324967","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2324967","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6773999929428101,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403127050.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403127050.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082307113","https://openalex.org/W2543823279","https://openalex.org/W3108610636","https://openalex.org/W3116297879","https://openalex.org/W4205306784","https://openalex.org/W4226322845","https://openalex.org/W4285815966","https://openalex.org/W4321022085","https://openalex.org/W4379184713","https://openalex.org/W4387007476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4407527586","https://openalex.org/W4392460475","https://openalex.org/W7048507115","https://openalex.org/W4390331249","https://openalex.org/W4399064054","https://openalex.org/W4416090192","https://openalex.org/W4285413223","https://openalex.org/W7204535304","https://openalex.org/W7114992384","https://openalex.org/W3196174740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79,126],"validation":[1],"of":[2,24,49,70,81,96,117],"GFM":[3,33,88],"control":[4,100],"strategies":[5],"through":[6],"simulation":[7],"and":[8,26,41,44,52,68,110,114,128],"hardware":[9],"demonstration":[10,73,142],"is":[11,124],"important":[12],"before":[13],"their":[14],"large-scale":[15],"deployments":[16],"in":[17,55,74],"the":[18,22,32,56,61,66,121,133,140],"real":[19],"grid.":[20,57],"Considering":[21],"importance":[23],"testing":[25],"validation,":[27],"several":[28],"works":[29,63],"have":[30],"explored":[31],"inverter\u2019s":[34],"capability":[35,80],"to":[36,101,135],"blackstart":[37],"a":[38,71,82,92],"microgrid,":[39],"synchronize":[40],"share":[42],"loads,":[43],"interact":[45],"with":[46,91,103],"various":[47],"types":[48],"generation":[50],"sources":[51],"loads":[53],"present":[54],"This":[58],"paper":[59],"complements":[60],"existing":[62],"by":[64],"presenting":[65],"results":[67],"analysis":[69,127],"field":[72,141],"an":[75],"actual":[76],"AC":[77,122],"microgrid.":[78],"three-level":[83],"neutral":[84],"point":[85],"clamped":[86],"(NPC)":[87],"inverter":[89],"equipped":[90],"recursive":[93],"feedback":[94],"type":[95],"non-linear":[97],"device":[98],"level":[99],"operate":[102],"PV":[104],"source":[105],"on":[106,120],"its":[107],"DC":[108],"input":[109],"off-the-shelf":[111],"PV-GFL":[112],"inverters":[113],"EV":[115],"chargers":[116],"different":[118],"kinds":[119],"side":[123],"explored.":[125],"conclusions":[129],"drawn":[130],"would":[131],"inform":[132],"readers":[134],"make":[136],"better":[137],"decisions":[138],"during":[139],"process.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2024-10-05T00:00:00"}