{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402824875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","title":"Improving 7th grade students\u2019 understanding of how science works","display_name":"Improving 7th grade students\u2019 understanding of how science works","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402824875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4736519/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4736519/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064531954","display_name":"Norbert O. Reich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6032-2704","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6032-2704"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Reich","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036224267","display_name":"Yuedong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9202-6723","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9202-6723"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuedong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064531954"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13600","display_name":"Science Education and Perceptions","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12182","display_name":"Evolution and Science Education","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seventh-grade-students","display_name":"seventh grade students","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-conservation","display_name":"mass conservation","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-respiration","display_name":"cellular respiration","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-design","display_name":"experimental design","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-thinking","display_name":"computational thinking","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-analysis","display_name":"data analysis","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-volunteers","display_name":"university volunteers","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-discussion","display_name":"peer discussion","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-engagement","display_name":"student engagement","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-deprivation","display_name":"socioeconomic deprivation","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hispanic-students","display_name":"Hispanic students","score":0.7139999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5789443254470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42842957377433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.379358172416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2747493088245392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2412731945514679}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4736519/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4736519/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4736519/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402824875.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402824875.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199917971","https://openalex.org/W253291751","https://openalex.org/W301011160","https://openalex.org/W775425331","https://openalex.org/W1483270167","https://openalex.org/W1484261470","https://openalex.org/W1574046838","https://openalex.org/W1606155267","https://openalex.org/W1759386038","https://openalex.org/W1929631056","https://openalex.org/W1936113143","https://openalex.org/W1974451009","https://openalex.org/W1986904693","https://openalex.org/W2005850239","https://openalex.org/W2006462526","https://openalex.org/W2007827182","https://openalex.org/W2010593734","https://openalex.org/W2012888888","https://openalex.org/W2017653493","https://openalex.org/W2021942639","https://openalex.org/W2060791908","https://openalex.org/W2067450402","https://openalex.org/W2072351007","https://openalex.org/W2111695499","https://openalex.org/W2116258187","https://openalex.org/W2118244798","https://openalex.org/W2119523704","https://openalex.org/W2122073467","https://openalex.org/W2129469827","https://openalex.org/W2134512579","https://openalex.org/W2136785818","https://openalex.org/W2143478027","https://openalex.org/W2146958532","https://openalex.org/W2158508071","https://openalex.org/W2170420419","https://openalex.org/W2172491128","https://openalex.org/W2373356477","https://openalex.org/W2472981767","https://openalex.org/W2510630383","https://openalex.org/W2792975150","https://openalex.org/W2793234147","https://openalex.org/W2883621207","https://openalex.org/W2888623182","https://openalex.org/W2945422642","https://openalex.org/W3003579283","https://openalex.org/W4213116584","https://openalex.org/W4247039117","https://openalex.org/W4311400191","https://openalex.org/W4402109789","https://openalex.org/W6785420160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411273854","https://openalex.org/W2597029501","https://openalex.org/W2738378236","https://openalex.org/W7215184229","https://openalex.org/W3212578759","https://openalex.org/W7215201105","https://openalex.org/W1901482556","https://openalex.org/W7155667091","https://openalex.org/W7162250627","https://openalex.org/W3175498554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"We":[1,170],"examined":[2],"the":[3,6,16,64,79,87,119,172,178,180,198,202,218],"effectiveness":[4],"of":[5,58,130,174,177,182,201,220],"SciTrek":[7,19],"outreach":[8],"program":[9],"involving":[10],"two":[11,35],"junior":[12],"high":[13],"teachers":[14],"in":[15,23,34,45,50,78,125,147,189,206],"same":[17,120],"school.":[18],"has":[20],"run":[21],"modules":[22,36,88],"2nd":[24],"-8th":[25],"grade":[26,53,204],"classrooms":[27,47],"since":[28],"2010,":[29],"with":[30,110,133,152],"each":[31,190],"classroom":[32,191],"participating":[33],"per":[37],"academic":[38,135,155],"year.":[39],"For":[40],"this":[41],"study,":[42],"students":[43,117,205],"(206)":[44],"eight":[46,76],"took":[48,82,118],"part":[49],"one":[51],"7th":[52,203],"module":[54,69],"focused":[55,70],"on":[56,71],"conservation":[57],"mass":[59],"lasting":[60,75],"six":[61,185],"days":[62,77],"during":[63],"Fall,":[65],"and":[66,74,100,107,143,164,197,217],"a":[67,83,95],"different":[68],"cellular":[72],"respiration":[73],"Winter.":[80],"Students":[81,122,132],"pre-assessment":[84],"prior":[85,154],"to":[86,89,93,98,105,184,192,223],"determine":[90],"their":[91,148,208,212,221,224],"ability":[92],"identify":[94],"testable":[96],"question,":[97],"plan":[99],"design":[101],"an":[102],"experimental":[103],"investigation,":[104],"analyze":[106],"interpret":[108],"data":[109,215],"computational":[111],"thinking.":[112],"Upon":[113],"finishing":[114],"both":[115],"modules,":[116],"assessment.":[121],"improved":[123,141],"significantly":[124],"all":[126],"aspects,":[127],"showing":[128],"improvements":[129],"10\u201345%.":[131],"lower":[134],"performance":[136,156],"(College":[137],"Preparatory,":[138],"three":[139],"classrooms)":[140],"more":[142,145],"showed":[144],"variability":[146],"improvement":[149],"than":[150],"those":[151],"higher":[153],"(Honors).":[157],"The":[158],"population":[159],"included":[160],"socioeconomically":[161],"disadvantaged":[162],"(57%)":[163],"Hispanic":[165],"or":[166],"Latino":[167],"(64%)":[168],"students.":[169],"discuss":[171],"importance":[173],"key":[175],"features":[176],"approach:":[179],"inclusion":[181],"four":[183],"trained":[186],"university":[187],"volunteers":[188],"guide":[193],"small":[194],"group":[195],"discussions,":[196],"active":[199],"engagement":[200],"developing":[207],"own":[209,213],"questions,":[210],"designing":[211],"experiments,":[214],"collection,":[216],"defense":[219],"conclusion":[222],"peers.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2024-09-26T00:00:00"}