{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402716468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","title":"Deficiency and Toxicity Evaluations of Boron on the Biochemical Properties of Triticum Aestivum","display_name":"Deficiency and Toxicity Evaluations of Boron on the Biochemical Properties of Triticum Aestivum","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402716468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.15244/pjoes/188898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","pdf_url":"https://www.pjoes.com/pdf-188898-114282?filename=Deficiency-and-Toxicity-E.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110778218","display_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","issn_l":"1230-1485","issn":["1230-1485","2083-5906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322755110","host_organization_name":"HARD Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322755110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["HARD Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.pjoes.com/pdf-188898-114282?filename=Deficiency-and-Toxicity-E.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062041105","display_name":"Danyal Rasheed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305695959","display_name":"Bacha Khan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02an6vg71","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305695959"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danyal Rasheed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany , Bacha Khan University , Charsadda , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany , Bacha Khan University , Charsadda , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305695959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102652251","display_name":"Asghar Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-2547","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-2547"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asghar Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany Hazara University Mansehra , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany Hazara University Mansehra , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079889501","display_name":"Muhammad Shuaib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-664X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-664X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shuaib","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Ecology and Environmental Science , Yunnan University , Kunming , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-664X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Ecology and Environmental Science , Yunnan University , Kunming , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134179694","display_name":"Huma Tabassum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huma Tabassum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health , Institute of Social and Cultural Studies , University of Panjab , Lahore , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health , Institute of Social and Cultural Studies , University of Panjab , Lahore , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108759145","display_name":"Zakia Ahmad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I335365548","display_name":"University of Swat","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9mqz67","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I335365548"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakia Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Plant Biodiversity , University of Swat , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Plant Biodiversity , University of Swat , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I335365548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018724594","display_name":"Muhammad Romman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-7235","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-7235"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405255802","display_name":"University of Chitral","ror":"https://ror.org/03eh14z46","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405255802"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Romman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany , University of Chitral , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany , University of Chitral , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405255802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101654182","display_name":"Abdur Rauf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6651-5009","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6651-5009"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142599","display_name":"University of Swabi","ror":"https://ror.org/04ez8az68","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142599"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdur Rauf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , University of Swabi , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , University of Swabi , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142599"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042194510","display_name":"Abdulrahman Alshammari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-9826","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-9826"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrahman Alshammari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Post Box 2455 , Riyadh , 11451 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Post Box 2455 , Riyadh , 11451 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085066568","display_name":"Norah Abdullah Albekairi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7296-5969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7296-5969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norah A. Albekairi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Post Box 2455 , Riyadh , 11451 , Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Post Box 2455 , Riyadh , 11451 , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011022755","display_name":"Muzammil Shah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405265995","display_name":"Emerson University, Multan","ror":"https://ror.org/03sq4pf43","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405265995"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muzammil Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany , Emerson University , Multan , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany , Emerson University , Multan , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405265995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Irfan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142599","display_name":"University of Swabi","ror":"https://ror.org/04ez8az68","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142599"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Irfan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany , University of Swabi , Swabi , KP - Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany , University of Swabi , Swabi , KP - Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142599"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079889501"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"4","first_page":"3755","last_page":"3762"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11418","display_name":"Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11418","display_name":"Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12344","display_name":"Silicon Effects in Agriculture","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boron-deficiency","display_name":"boron deficiency","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boron-toxicity","display_name":"boron toxicity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat","display_name":"wheat","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorophyll-content","display_name":"chlorophyll content","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-protein","display_name":"leaf protein","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proline","display_name":"proline","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoids","display_name":"carotenoids","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenols","display_name":"phenols","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acids","display_name":"amino acids","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar-content","display_name":"sugar content","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytotoxicity","display_name":"phytotoxicity","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boron-tolerance","display_name":"boron tolerance","score":0.6150000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.6616109609603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501308230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618","display_name":"Boron","level":2,"score":0.6095273494720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.49292516708374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4471670091152191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3386123776435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32390809059143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.07071062922477722}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.15244/pjoes/188898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","pdf_url":"https://www.pjoes.com/pdf-188898-114282?filename=Deficiency-and-Toxicity-E.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110778218","display_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","issn_l":"1230-1485","issn":["1230-1485","2083-5906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322755110","host_organization_name":"HARD Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322755110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["HARD Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.15244/pjoes/188898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/188898","pdf_url":"https://www.pjoes.com/pdf-188898-114282?filename=Deficiency-and-Toxicity-E.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110778218","display_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","issn_l":"1230-1485","issn":["1230-1485","2083-5906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322755110","host_organization_name":"HARD Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322755110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["HARD Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G417880120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RSP2024R491","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","funder_display_name":"King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402716468.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402716468.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809528866","https://openalex.org/W2995890116","https://openalex.org/W3002177086","https://openalex.org/W3006944632","https://openalex.org/W3025810651","https://openalex.org/W3087828848","https://openalex.org/W3172240753","https://openalex.org/W4200171862","https://openalex.org/W4220915913","https://openalex.org/W4221006973","https://openalex.org/W4224277574","https://openalex.org/W4225278435","https://openalex.org/W4285300782","https://openalex.org/W4289134415","https://openalex.org/W4307102663","https://openalex.org/W4313287751","https://openalex.org/W4313333318","https://openalex.org/W4313418549","https://openalex.org/W4319334484","https://openalex.org/W4323827181","https://openalex.org/W4323977972","https://openalex.org/W4360856209","https://openalex.org/W4366587439","https://openalex.org/W4375856763","https://openalex.org/W4376056072","https://openalex.org/W4379230435","https://openalex.org/W4380048022","https://openalex.org/W4380789169","https://openalex.org/W4381891781","https://openalex.org/W4383212211","https://openalex.org/W4384338280","https://openalex.org/W4387121347","https://openalex.org/W4387958097"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3087828848","https://openalex.org/W2764227569","https://openalex.org/W7010603659","https://openalex.org/W2291888322","https://openalex.org/W2023614463","https://openalex.org/W2298233000","https://openalex.org/W4285223229","https://openalex.org/W2065086779","https://openalex.org/W2561182111","https://openalex.org/W7111685715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Boron":[0,76],"(B)":[1],"is":[2,25,254],"an":[3],"essential":[4],"micronutrient":[5],"for":[6,28],"the":[7,19,29,62,199,262,268],"normal":[8],"growth":[9,33,212,269],"and":[10,21,24,34,41,59,83,86,108,142,158,174,184,186,192,196,213,233,270,276],"development":[11,271],"of":[12,61,65,90,105,126,131,135,140,145,220,248,272],"plants.":[13],"The":[14,68,113,217],"deficiency":[15,58,204],"or":[16],"excess":[17,208],"affects":[18],"physiological":[20],"biochemical":[22,63],"processes":[23],"hence":[26],"responsible":[27],"decline":[30],"in":[31,48,100,242,252],"plant":[32,211],"productivity.":[35],"Some":[36],"plants":[37],"tolerate":[38],"high":[39,231],"levels,":[40],"phytotoxicity":[42],"problems":[43],"are":[44],"known":[45],"to":[46,239,266],"occur":[47],"soils":[49],"with":[50,72,102,117,123],"naturally":[51],"elevated":[52],"boron.":[53],"This":[54],"research":[55],"assesses":[56],"boron":[57],"toxicity":[60,232,250],"properties":[64],"Triticum":[66],"aestivum.":[67],"experiments":[69],"were":[70,94,115,162,224],"conducted":[71],"6":[73],"B-level":[74],"mg/kg,":[75],"de\ufb01cient":[77],"(B0),":[78],"sufficient":[79,181],"(B10,":[80],"B20,":[81],"B30),":[82],"noxious":[84],"(B50":[85,195],"B60).":[87,197],"Fifteen":[88],"seeds":[89],"T.":[91,273],"aestivum":[92,274],"L":[93],"sown":[95],"at":[96,179,188],"2":[97],"cm":[98,107,111],"depth":[99],"pots":[101,114],"a":[103,109,124,235,245],"height":[104],"30":[106],"25":[110],"diameter.":[112],"\ufb01lled":[116],"clay":[118],"loam":[119],"soil":[120],"(3":[121],"kg)":[122],"pH":[125],"6.9,":[127],"water":[128],"holding":[129],"capacity":[130],"50.37%,":[132],"bulk":[133],"density":[134],"0.96":[136],"g/cc,":[137],"speci\ufb01c":[138],"gravity":[139],"4.03,":[141],"organic":[143],"carbon":[144],"0.82%.":[146],"Biochemical":[147],"constituents,":[148],"including":[149],"Chlorophyll":[150,167],"a/b,":[151],"leaf":[152],"protein,":[153,169],"proline,":[154,170],"sugar,":[155,171],"carotenoid,":[156,172],"phenol,":[157,173],"amino":[159,175],"acid":[160,176],"contents,":[161],"analyzed.":[163],"Results":[164],"show":[165],"that":[166,202],"a/b":[168],"contents":[177],"increased":[178],"B":[180,189,203,221,236,249],"levels":[182,194],"(B20":[183],"B30)":[185],"decreased":[187],"deficient":[190],"(B0)":[191],"toxic":[193],"Moreover,":[198],"results":[200],"showed":[201],"as":[205,207],"well":[206],"concentration":[209],"affect":[210],"other":[214],"morpho-physiological":[215],"processes.":[216],"different":[218],"concentrations":[219],"(50":[222],"mg/kg)":[223,229],"moderately":[225],"toxic,":[226],"while":[227],"(60":[228],"generated":[230],"induced":[234],"stress":[237],"response":[238,251],"confer":[240],"tolerance":[241],"wheat.":[243],"Further,":[244],"possible":[246],"mechanism":[247],"wheat":[253],"suggested.":[255],"Conclusively,":[256],"growing":[257],"tolerant":[258],"crops":[259],"may":[260],"be":[261],"only":[263],"sustainable":[264],"solution":[265],"improve":[267],"quantitatively":[275],"qualitatively.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2024-09-22T00:00:00"}
