{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402371057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","title":"Observational Epidemiology","display_name":"Observational Epidemiology","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402371057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Encyclopedia of Public Health","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402373574","display_name":"International Encyclopedia of Public Health"},"type":"reference-entry","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055958252","display_name":"Jennifer L. Kelsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9678-5284","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9678-5284"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer L. Kelsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067732028","display_name":"Ellen B. Gold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-171X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-171X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ellen B. Gold","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"311","last_page":"325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-epidemiology","display_name":"observational epidemiology","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-control-study","display_name":"case-control study","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohort-studies","display_name":"cohort studies","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-sectional-study","display_name":"cross-sectional study","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-study","display_name":"ecological study","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measures-of-association","display_name":"association measures","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-risk","display_name":"relative risk","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard-ratio","display_name":"hazard ratio","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/odds-ratio","display_name":"odds ratio","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardized-mortality-ratio","display_name":"standardized mortality ratio","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attributable-fraction","display_name":"attributable fraction","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-bias","display_name":"measurement bias","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-bias","display_name":"selection bias","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"confounding","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"causal inference","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-evidence","display_name":"quality of evidence","score":0.9110000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.8000024557113647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.6582580804824829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40487462282180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11868324875831604}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99967-0.00336-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Encyclopedia of Public Health","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W411317504","https://openalex.org/W1568390176","https://openalex.org/W1585124497","https://openalex.org/W1969023334","https://openalex.org/W1974350962","https://openalex.org/W1974386619","https://openalex.org/W1975136682","https://openalex.org/W1997861786","https://openalex.org/W2048828870","https://openalex.org/W2049717249","https://openalex.org/W2064654047","https://openalex.org/W2071558563","https://openalex.org/W2083384274","https://openalex.org/W2086856233","https://openalex.org/W2101580583","https://openalex.org/W2102177773","https://openalex.org/W2106780559","https://openalex.org/W2112750336","https://openalex.org/W2118939829","https://openalex.org/W2121300620","https://openalex.org/W2128458987","https://openalex.org/W2128806179","https://openalex.org/W2141358477","https://openalex.org/W2146050890","https://openalex.org/W2147222003","https://openalex.org/W2147968542","https://openalex.org/W2151089288","https://openalex.org/W2156287076","https://openalex.org/W2164631656","https://openalex.org/W2272831736","https://openalex.org/W2286943025","https://openalex.org/W4247938048","https://openalex.org/W4251869446","https://openalex.org/W6829972546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W614517828","https://openalex.org/W4237675426","https://openalex.org/W64914543","https://openalex.org/W2265281434","https://openalex.org/W639118616","https://openalex.org/W4248255116","https://openalex.org/W4225083939","https://openalex.org/W22615656","https://openalex.org/W2411328791","https://openalex.org/W2944457296"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-09-10T00:00:00"}