{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401965643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","title":"The effect of the peer support intervention on internalized stigma among Thai patients with tuberculosis: A repeated measures design","display_name":"The effect of the peer support intervention on internalized stigma among Thai patients with tuberculosis: A repeated measures design","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401965643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39211457","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11350345"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33546/bnj.3327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","pdf_url":"https://www.belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/download/3327/1015","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240190","display_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal","issn_l":"2477-4073","issn":["2477-4073","2528-181X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315202","host_organization_name":"Belitung Raya Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315202"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Belitung Raya Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/download/3327/1015","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009945903","display_name":"Nisakorn Vibulchai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1815-2101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1815-2101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142119","display_name":"Praboromarajchanok Institute Ministry of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03hpjw438","country_code":"TH","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277051","display_name":"Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Ratchasima","ror":"https://ror.org/0195hqt22","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277051"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nisakorn Vibulchai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Ratchasima, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1815-2101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Ratchasima, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119","https://openalex.org/I4405277051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070633522","display_name":"Kamthorn Dana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8251-9831","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8251-9831","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-4062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142119","display_name":"Praboromarajchanok Institute Ministry of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03hpjw438","country_code":"TH","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277066","display_name":"Srimahasarakham Nursing College","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9s0z32","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277066"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamthorn Dana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Srimahasarakham Nursing College, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-4062","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Srimahasarakham Nursing College, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119","https://openalex.org/I4405277066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034693153","display_name":"Monruedee Sanchan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1854-6593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1854-6593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142119","display_name":"Praboromarajchanok Institute Ministry of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03hpjw438","country_code":"TH","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277066","display_name":"Srimahasarakham Nursing College","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9s0z32","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277066"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monruedee Sanchan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Srimahasarakham Nursing College, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1854-6593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Srimahasarakham Nursing College, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119","https://openalex.org/I4405277066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106782687","display_name":"Charanya Churari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8665-9833","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8665-9833"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277615","display_name":"Mahasarakham Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvxvf55","country_code":"TH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charanya Churari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8665-9833","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106804318","display_name":"Bunjong Jadboonnak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8870-379X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8870-379X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277615","display_name":"Mahasarakham Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvxvf55","country_code":"TH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bunjong Jadboonnak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8870-379X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106782688","display_name":"Wattana Sawangsri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7069-1283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7069-1283"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277615","display_name":"Mahasarakham Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvxvf55","country_code":"TH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wattana Sawangsri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7069-1283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106782689","display_name":"Wansu Taweekanachote Pothiporn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6929-6143","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6929-6143"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277615","display_name":"Mahasarakham Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvxvf55","country_code":"TH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wansu Taweekanachote Pothiporn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6929-6143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106782690","display_name":"Udomlak Sutthicharoen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5394-470X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5394-470X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277615","display_name":"Mahasarakham Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvxvf55","country_code":"TH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Udomlak Sutthicharoen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5394-470X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maha Sarakham Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009945903"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142119","https://openalex.org/I4405277051"],"apc_list":{"value":395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":395},"apc_paid":{"value":395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":395},"fwci":2.3355,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8755341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"408","last_page":"415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9340999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9340999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.02759999968111515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12107","display_name":"Leprosy Research and Treatment","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-stigma","display_name":"self-stigma","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-support-programs","display_name":"peer support programs","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosocial-interventions","display_name":"psychosocial interventions","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigma-resistance","display_name":"stigma resistance","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrimination-experiences","display_name":"discrimination experiences","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-withdrawal","display_name":"social withdrawal","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alienation","display_name":"alienation","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype-endorsement","display_name":"stereotype endorsement","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-patients","display_name":"tuberculosis patients","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-visits","display_name":"home visits","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supported-self-management","display_name":"self-management support","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoeducation","display_name":"psychoeducation","score":0.5429999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.7588174343109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.690123438835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5959920883178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.493307501077652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4613748788833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781094116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569083","display_name":"Peer support","level":2,"score":0.4100340008735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39415815472602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2585250437259674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33546/bnj.3327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","pdf_url":"https://www.belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/download/3327/1015","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240190","display_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal","issn_l":"2477-4073","issn":["2477-4073","2528-181X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315202","host_organization_name":"Belitung Raya Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315202"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Belitung Raya Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11350345","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11350345","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11350345/pdf/BNJ-10-4-408.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Belitung Nurs J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39211457","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39211457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Belitung nursing journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3d1eba6c729b432394a1976d2665b04f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3d1eba6c729b432394a1976d2665b04f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal, Vol 10, Iss 4 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33546/bnj.3327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3327","pdf_url":"https://www.belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/download/3327/1015","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240190","display_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal","issn_l":"2477-4073","issn":["2477-4073","2528-181X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315202","host_organization_name":"Belitung Raya Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315202"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Belitung Raya Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Belitung Nursing Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401965643.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401965643.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508639755","https://openalex.org/W1696303630","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2081553764","https://openalex.org/W2126724189","https://openalex.org/W2163599511","https://openalex.org/W2170644967","https://openalex.org/W2278549529","https://openalex.org/W2383176687","https://openalex.org/W2539447011","https://openalex.org/W2587475106","https://openalex.org/W2593519887","https://openalex.org/W2735094552","https://openalex.org/W2778913677","https://openalex.org/W2785169141","https://openalex.org/W2832581293","https://openalex.org/W2884645773","https://openalex.org/W2895841760","https://openalex.org/W2945001053","https://openalex.org/W3044391991","https://openalex.org/W3092115320","https://openalex.org/W3093583398","https://openalex.org/W3105399794","https://openalex.org/W3120523683","https://openalex.org/W3173980969","https://openalex.org/W3175528618","https://openalex.org/W3175854810","https://openalex.org/W4280606369","https://openalex.org/W4283808699","https://openalex.org/W4288037988","https://openalex.org/W4296240339","https://openalex.org/W4296807421","https://openalex.org/W4306816546","https://openalex.org/W4318263335","https://openalex.org/W4318972943","https://openalex.org/W4362578876","https://openalex.org/W6656248243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387912151","https://openalex.org/W1987142278","https://openalex.org/W7169017074","https://openalex.org/W3092840333","https://openalex.org/W7154986751","https://openalex.org/W7131252728","https://openalex.org/W3112367283","https://openalex.org/W4399268080","https://openalex.org/W7221216023","https://openalex.org/W7167916005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Internalized":[1,123],"stigma":[2,29,54,151,163,186,236],"among":[3,30,55,237],"patients":[4,31,56,238],"with":[5,32,57,239],"tuberculosis":[6],"(TB)":[7],"significantly":[8,166,189],"affects":[9],"delayed":[10],"diagnosis,":[11],"increased":[12,190],"disease":[13],"transmission,":[14],"and":[15,98,104,119,141,152,162,199,273],"poor":[16],"treatment":[17],"outcomes.":[18,277],"However,":[19,208],"conclusive":[20],"empirical":[21],"evidence":[22],"on":[23,51,251],"psychosocial":[24],"interventions":[25,249],"to":[26,42,79,132,193,202,216,269],"reduce":[27],"internalized":[28,53,134,150,235,257],"TB":[33,58,102,112,240,275],"in":[34,59,69,233,241],"Thailand":[35,242],"remains":[36],"scarce.":[37],"Objective:":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40,83,224],"aimed":[41],"examine":[43],"the":[44,70,168,226,260],"impact":[45,228],"of":[46,125,148,229,262],"a":[47],"peer":[48,108,230,252],"support":[49,109,231,253],"intervention":[50,110,232],"reducing":[52,234],"Thailand.":[60],"Methods:":[61],"A":[62],"one-group":[63],"within-subjects":[64],"repeated-measure":[65],"design":[66],"was":[67,130,212],"conducted":[68],"Muang":[71],"Maha":[72],"Sarakham":[73],"district,":[74],"Thailand,":[75],"from":[76,191,200,214],"February":[77],"2023":[78],"July":[80],"2023.":[81],"The":[82,107,122,223,245],"included":[84,138],"26":[85],"participants":[86],"who":[87],"met":[88],"specified":[89],"criteria.":[90],"Measurements":[91],"were":[92],"taken":[93],"at":[94],"baseline,":[95],"three":[96,194,215],"months,":[97],"six":[99,203,217],"months":[100,195,204,218],"following":[101],"diagnosis":[103],"medication":[105],"treatment.":[106],"comprised":[111],"health":[113],"education,":[114],"psycho-educational":[115],"sessions,":[116],"self-management":[117],"support,":[118],"home":[120],"visits.":[121],"Stigma":[124],"Tuberculosis":[126],"Scale":[127],"Thai":[128],"Version":[129],"used":[131],"measure":[133],"stigma.":[135],"Statistical":[136],"analyses":[137],"descriptive":[139],"statistics":[140],"repeated":[142],"measures":[143],"ANOVA.":[144],"Results:":[145],"Mean":[146],"scores":[147,188],"total":[149],"its":[153],"sub-dimensions":[154],"(alienation,":[155],"stereotype":[156],"endorsement,":[157],"discrimination":[158],"experience,":[159],"social":[160],"withdrawal,":[161],"resistance)":[164],"differed":[165],"across":[167],"three-time":[169],"points":[170],"(p":[171,196,205,219],"<0.001,":[172,174,176,178,180],"p":[173,175,177,179,181],"=":[182,197,206,220],"0.002,":[183],"respectively).":[184],"Furthermore,":[185],"resistance":[187],"pre-intervention":[192,201],"0.005)":[198],"0.007).":[207],"no":[209],"significant":[210],"increase":[211],"observed":[213],"0.079).":[221],"Conclusions:":[222],"underlines":[225],"positive":[227],"over":[243],"time.":[244],"findings":[246],"suggest":[247],"that":[248],"focusing":[250],"can":[254],"potentially":[255],"address":[256],"stigma,":[258],"highlighting":[259],"importance":[261],"integrating":[263],"these":[264],"strategies":[265],"into":[266],"healthcare":[267],"practices":[268],"enhance":[270],"patient":[271],"care":[272],"improve":[274],"management":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2024-08-29T00:00:00"}