{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401856422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","title":"Integrated photonic cryptographic key generator using low-power MEMS-on-PIC technology","display_name":"Integrated photonic cryptographic key generator using low-power MEMS-on-PIC technology","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401856422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234311","display_name":"Journal of Optical Microsystems","issn_l":"2708-5260","issn":["2708-5260"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optical Microsystems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050742397","display_name":"Martin Blasl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1269-6032","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1269-6032"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Blasl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1269-6032","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082294513","display_name":"Meysam Namdari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meysam Namdari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Maximilian Wagner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maximilian Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051492960","display_name":"Jan Grahmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Grahmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Photonische Mikrosysteme IPMS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050742397"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72429907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"03","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-key-generation","display_name":"cryptographic key generation","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physically-unclonable-functions","display_name":"physical unclonable functions","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-integrated-circuits","display_name":"photonic integrated circuits","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mems-phase-shifter","display_name":"MEMS phase shifter","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimode-interferometer","display_name":"multimode interferometer","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-nitride-photonics","display_name":"silicon nitride photonics","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-randomness","display_name":"key randomness","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-security","display_name":"data security","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"authentication","score":0.7580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6705191135406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37977207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175561","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","level":2,"score":0.6399667859077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.637473464012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5750057101249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49593862891197205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.4861266613006592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4230306148529053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3945804536342621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38875263929367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3391599953174591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.31746453046798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.31441551446914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26264363527297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.222375750541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.15439119935035706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234311","display_name":"Journal of Optical Microsystems","issn_l":"2708-5260","issn":["2708-5260"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optical Microsystems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/498779","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/498779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.4.3.034001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234311","display_name":"Journal of Optical Microsystems","issn_l":"2708-5260","issn":["2708-5260"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optical Microsystems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013845336","https://openalex.org/W2044598644","https://openalex.org/W2088455835","https://openalex.org/W2169212403","https://openalex.org/W2345454972","https://openalex.org/W2521915459","https://openalex.org/W2617543038","https://openalex.org/W2809206918","https://openalex.org/W2894308888","https://openalex.org/W2976859966","https://openalex.org/W3004468114","https://openalex.org/W3006022554","https://openalex.org/W3009034279","https://openalex.org/W3028569975","https://openalex.org/W3108327457","https://openalex.org/W3116259561","https://openalex.org/W3176577769","https://openalex.org/W4213157771","https://openalex.org/W4292972142","https://openalex.org/W4296020609","https://openalex.org/W4296367493","https://openalex.org/W4313023545","https://openalex.org/W4319079721","https://openalex.org/W4391246431","https://openalex.org/W4394785622","https://openalex.org/W4399486587","https://openalex.org/W4399771643","https://openalex.org/W7009192091"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2272290532","https://openalex.org/W2120483398","https://openalex.org/W1530711136","https://openalex.org/W1763916368","https://openalex.org/W2319192085","https://openalex.org/W2391127530","https://openalex.org/W2045074154","https://openalex.org/W2346208161","https://openalex.org/W2974943474","https://openalex.org/W2393343784"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"improve":[1],"data":[2],"security":[3],"and":[4,8,61,72,97],"authentication,":[5],"we":[6],"designed":[7],"fabricated":[9,87],"a":[10,16,22,27,34,80,89],"cryptographic":[11],"key":[12,25,30],"generator":[13],"based":[14],"on":[15],"photonic":[17,92],"integrated":[18,93],"circuit":[19,94],"that":[20],"converts":[21],"digital":[23,28,70],"input":[24],"into":[26],"output":[29],"by":[31,43,49,77],"means":[32],"of":[33,67,79],"physical":[35],"unclonable":[36],"function":[37],"(PUF).":[38],"The":[39,84],"PUF":[40],"is":[41],"realized":[42],"an":[44],"imperfect":[45],"multi-mode":[46],"interferometer":[47],"controlled":[48],"low-power":[50],"micro-electromechanical":[51],"system":[52],"(MEMS)":[53],"phase":[54],"shifters.":[55],"An":[56],"analytical":[57],"model":[58,74],"was":[59,75,86],"derived":[60],"used":[62],"to":[63],"prove":[64],"the":[65,68,73],"randomness":[66],"generated":[69],"keys,":[71],"validated":[76],"measurements":[78],"first":[81],"proof-of-concept":[82],"demonstrator.":[83],"demonstrator":[85],"using":[88],"silicon":[90],"nitride":[91],"(PIC)":[95],"platform":[96],"our":[98],"recently":[99],"developed":[100],"MEMS-on-PIC":[101],"technology.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}