{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401856421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","title":"Influence of Main Flight Parameters on the Performance of Stand-Level Growing Stock Volume Inventories Using Budget Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","display_name":"Influence of Main Flight Parameters on the Performance of Stand-Level Growing Stock Volume Inventories Using Budget Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401856421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/f15081462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71324801","display_name":"Forests","issn_l":"1999-4907","issn":["1999-4907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forests","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089816873","display_name":"Marek Lisa\u0144czuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-790X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-790X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148227","display_name":"Instytut Badawczy Le\u015bnictwa","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkb8y03","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marek Lisa\u0144czuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044315319","display_name":"Grzegorz Krok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-0294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-0294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148227","display_name":"Instytut Badawczy Le\u015bnictwa","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkb8y03","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grzegorz Krok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-0294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008184127","display_name":"Krzysztof Mitelsztedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8045","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8045"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148227","display_name":"Instytut Badawczy Le\u015bnictwa","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkb8y03","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Mitelsztedt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106708363","display_name":"Justyna Bohonos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148227","display_name":"Instytut Badawczy Le\u015bnictwa","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkb8y03","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justyna Bohonos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Le\u015bnej 3 Street, 05-090 S\u0119kocin Stary, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089816873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148227"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2955},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2955},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07662497,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"1462","last_page":"1462"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uav-photogrammetry","display_name":"UAV photogrammetry","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-tree-detection","display_name":"individual tree detection","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-stock-volume","display_name":"growing stock volume","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-sampling-distance","display_name":"ground sampling distance","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flight-parameters","display_name":"flight parameters","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-altitude-aerial-photography","display_name":"low-altitude aerial imagery","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-attribute-mapping","display_name":"forest attribute mapping","score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-error","display_name":"estimation error","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6176716089248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204036174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909380","display_name":"Stock (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.5825613141059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5683783888816833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.3766461908817291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1798572540283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16903170943260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05327078700065613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/f15081462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71324801","display_name":"Forests","issn_l":"1999-4907","issn":["1999-4907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forests","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/f15081462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71324801","display_name":"Forests","issn_l":"1999-4907","issn":["1999-4907"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forests","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F8959205877","display_name":"Instytut Badawczy Le\u015bnictwa","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkb8y03"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W288445085","https://openalex.org/W915988403","https://openalex.org/W1901176938","https://openalex.org/W1963579278","https://openalex.org/W1994585903","https://openalex.org/W1996263757","https://openalex.org/W2022100247","https://openalex.org/W2023703534","https://openalex.org/W2043409565","https://openalex.org/W2051055857","https://openalex.org/W2073768849","https://openalex.org/W2083667368","https://openalex.org/W2085261163","https://openalex.org/W2121748258","https://openalex.org/W2128135560","https://openalex.org/W2137882837","https://openalex.org/W2138506141","https://openalex.org/W2144313462","https://openalex.org/W2145243492","https://openalex.org/W2159352923","https://openalex.org/W2206801820","https://openalex.org/W2315994349","https://openalex.org/W2319107478","https://openalex.org/W2482464033","https://openalex.org/W2519147460","https://openalex.org/W2556502614","https://openalex.org/W2566573765","https://openalex.org/W2615436872","https://openalex.org/W2752278344","https://openalex.org/W2787518617","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2793263498","https://openalex.org/W2797233255","https://openalex.org/W2804625175","https://openalex.org/W2807222299","https://openalex.org/W2811307883","https://openalex.org/W2914433259","https://openalex.org/W2918583439","https://openalex.org/W2919779181","https://openalex.org/W2924496886","https://openalex.org/W2928980835","https://openalex.org/W2941545366","https://openalex.org/W2944750195","https://openalex.org/W2957974561","https://openalex.org/W2973135792","https://openalex.org/W2981108975","https://openalex.org/W2997685398","https://openalex.org/W3013471216","https://openalex.org/W3045909161","https://openalex.org/W3088507381","https://openalex.org/W3111271078","https://openalex.org/W3139392750","https://openalex.org/W3156225490","https://openalex.org/W3168526407","https://openalex.org/W3184969998","https://openalex.org/W3196659146","https://openalex.org/W3198706447","https://openalex.org/W3198817273","https://openalex.org/W3200501401","https://openalex.org/W3209225312","https://openalex.org/W3209745414","https://openalex.org/W4200050379","https://openalex.org/W4210762951","https://openalex.org/W4220997359","https://openalex.org/W4224327007","https://openalex.org/W4226215164","https://openalex.org/W4285391602","https://openalex.org/W4295886677","https://openalex.org/W4311049280","https://openalex.org/W4327709621","https://openalex.org/W4376139050","https://openalex.org/W4382238427","https://openalex.org/W4385900995","https://openalex.org/W4387603972","https://openalex.org/W4390175068","https://openalex.org/W4399570935","https://openalex.org/W4399649025","https://openalex.org/W6987851156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2798121181","https://openalex.org/W2016805743","https://openalex.org/W4242592912","https://openalex.org/W435830328","https://openalex.org/W2087896742","https://openalex.org/W1989025965","https://openalex.org/W2328676785","https://openalex.org/W2322380964","https://openalex.org/W2152805146","https://openalex.org/W2587527225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low-altitude":[0],"aerial":[1,26,112],"photogrammetry":[2],"can":[3],"be":[4,70],"an":[5,172],"alternative":[6],"source":[7],"of":[8,23,35,81,96,133,205],"forest":[9,18,50,74,102,121,211],"inventory":[10],"data":[11,107],"and":[12,29,39,62,90,156,191],"a":[13,58],"practical":[14,55],"tool":[15],"for":[16,47,209,223],"rapid":[17],"attribute":[19],"updates.":[20],"The":[21,114,127,183,200],"availability":[22],"low-cost":[24],"unmanned":[25,111],"systems":[27],"(UASs)":[28],"continuous":[30],"technological":[31],"advances":[32],"in":[33,123],"terms":[34],"their":[36],"flight":[37,84],"duration":[38],"automation":[40],"capabilities":[41],"makes":[42],"these":[43],"solutions":[44],"interesting":[45],"tools":[46],"supporting":[48],"various":[49],"management":[51],"needs.":[52],"However,":[53,163],"any":[54],"application":[56],"requires":[57],"priori":[59],"empirical":[60],"validation":[61],"optimization":[63,222],"steps,":[64],"especially":[65],"if":[66],"it":[67],"is":[68],"to":[69,152,160,181,195],"used":[71],"under":[72],"different":[73],"conditions.":[75],"This":[76],"study":[77,201],"investigates":[78],"the":[79,82,94,118,124,134,143,167,196,203,206],"influence":[80,132,173],"main":[83],"parameters,":[85],"i.e.,":[86,146],"ground":[87],"sampling":[88],"distance":[89],"photo":[91],"overlap,":[92],"on":[93,105,137,174],"performance":[95],"individual":[97],"tree":[98,168],"detection":[99,169],"(ITD)":[100],"stand-level":[101],"inventories,":[103],"based":[104],"photogrammetric":[106,214],"obtained":[108],"from":[109,148,158,179],"budget":[110],"systems.":[113],"investigated":[115,135],"sites":[116],"represented":[117],"most":[119],"common":[120],"conditions":[122,198],"Polish":[125],"lowlands.":[126],"results":[128],"showed":[129],"no":[130],"direct":[131],"factors":[136],"growing":[138],"stock":[139],"volume":[140],"predictions":[141],"within":[142],"analyzed":[144],"range,":[145],"overlap":[147],"80":[149,151],"\u00d7":[150,154],"90":[153],"90%":[155],"GSD":[157],"2":[159],"6":[161],"cm.":[162],"we":[164],"found":[165],"that":[166],"ratio":[170],"had":[171],"estimation":[175],"errors,":[176],"which":[177],"ranged":[178],"0.6":[180],"15.3%.":[182],"estimates":[184],"were":[185,192],"generally":[186],"coherent":[187],"across":[188],"repeated":[189],"flights":[190],"not":[193],"susceptible":[194],"weather":[197],"encountered.":[199],"demonstrates":[202],"suitability":[204],"ITD":[207],"method":[208],"small-area":[210],"inventories":[212],"using":[213],"UAV":[215],"data,":[216],"as":[217,219],"well":[218],"its":[220],"potential":[221],"larger-scale":[224],"surveys.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
