{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401782002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","title":"Improving the properties of alluvial sand, a potential alternative to standardized sand for geotechnical laboratory","display_name":"Improving the properties of alluvial sand, a potential alternative to standardized sand for geotechnical laboratory","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401782002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","pdf_url":"https://systems.enpress-publisher.com/index.php/JGC/article/download/7043/3567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179642","display_name":"Journal of Geography and Cartography","issn_l":"2578-1979","issn":["2578-1979"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361075571","host_organization_name":"EnPress Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361075571"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EnPress Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geography and Cartography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://systems.enpress-publisher.com/index.php/JGC/article/download/7043/3567","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009912204","display_name":"Jules Hermann Keyangue Tchouata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59196294","display_name":"University of Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03gq1d339","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59196294"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jules Hermann Keyangue Tchouata","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59196294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039947490","display_name":"Willy Chance Guimezap Kenou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130305","display_name":"Institut Universitaire de la C\u00f4te","ror":"https://ror.org/03e7f5c12","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130305"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willy Chance Guimezap Kenou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (PRIE), Institut Universitaire de la Cote"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (PRIE), Institut Universitaire de la Cote","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130305"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059256532","display_name":"Taypondou Darman Japhet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8501-0360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8501-0360"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59196294","display_name":"University of Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03gq1d339","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59196294"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darman Japhet Taypondou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59196294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046933282","display_name":"Mbuh Moses Kuma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8683-5482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8683-5482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263774594","display_name":"University of Bamenda","ror":"https://ror.org/031ahrf94","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263774594"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moses Mbuh Kuma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering and Forestry Techniques Department, Higher Technical Teacher Training College, University of Bamenda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering and Forestry Techniques Department, Higher Technical Teacher Training College, University of Bamenda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263774594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106648074","display_name":"Joseph Stephane Edzoa Akoa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59196294","display_name":"University of Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03gq1d339","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59196294"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Stephane Edzoa Akoa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geology and Mining Engineering, University of Ngaoundere","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59196294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103788423","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Ngapgue","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178331978","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Dschang","ror":"https://ror.org/0566t4z20","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178331978"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Ngapgue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fotso Victor University, Institute of Technology, University of Dschang"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fotso Victor University, Institute of Technology, University of Dschang","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178331978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"7043","last_page":"7043"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.5810999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.5810999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13236","display_name":"Geotechnical and construction materials studies","score":0.18809999525547028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13140","display_name":"Materials Engineering and Processing","score":0.17470000684261322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alluvial-sand","display_name":"alluvial sand","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrochloric-acid-treatment","display_name":"hydrochloric acid treatment","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sand-cleaning","display_name":"sand cleaning","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silica-content","display_name":"silica content","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fineness-modulus","display_name":"fineness modulus","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sand-mineralogy","display_name":"sand mineralogy","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cameroon","display_name":"Cameroon","score":0.703000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775859737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182264","display_name":"Albite","level":3,"score":0.6601627469062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5887237787246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779870107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43010","display_name":"Quartz","level":2,"score":0.5314618349075317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779899878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223197","display_name":"Kaolinite","level":2,"score":0.5072333812713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.4181714951992035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.39549848437309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.32897454500198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2857571840286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.2247617542743683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.19019895792007446}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","pdf_url":"https://systems.enpress-publisher.com/index.php/JGC/article/download/7043/3567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179642","display_name":"Journal of Geography and Cartography","issn_l":"2578-1979","issn":["2578-1979"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361075571","host_organization_name":"EnPress Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361075571"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EnPress Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geography and Cartography","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v7i2.7043","pdf_url":"https://systems.enpress-publisher.com/index.php/JGC/article/download/7043/3567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179642","display_name":"Journal of Geography and Cartography","issn_l":"2578-1979","issn":["2578-1979"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361075571","host_organization_name":"EnPress Publisher","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361075571"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EnPress Publisher"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geography and Cartography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401782002.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401782002.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1943587854","https://openalex.org/W2067554021","https://openalex.org/W2086161265","https://openalex.org/W2137715272","https://openalex.org/W2271063323","https://openalex.org/W2290547188","https://openalex.org/W2402406688","https://openalex.org/W2795502213","https://openalex.org/W3012322727","https://openalex.org/W3133773829","https://openalex.org/W3209285768","https://openalex.org/W3209751508","https://openalex.org/W4231277763","https://openalex.org/W4282823160","https://openalex.org/W6969217461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6887686973","https://openalex.org/W4386222762","https://openalex.org/W2305778301","https://openalex.org/W3094960968","https://openalex.org/W3039089041","https://openalex.org/W3088143200","https://openalex.org/W2004197548","https://openalex.org/W1571836478","https://openalex.org/W992338915","https://openalex.org/W4414421147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"Cameroon\u2019s":[1],"immense":[2],"sand":[3,51,61,67,83,97,119,134,136,159,171,211],"reserves,":[4],"several":[5],"enterprises":[6],"continue":[7],"to":[8,12,21,43],"import":[9,38],"standardized":[10,60,170,224],"sands":[11],"investigate":[13],"the":[14,23,35,47,76,174,207],"properties":[15,48],"of":[16,25,37,49,58,81,94,127,141,194,209],"concretes":[17],"and":[18,20,45,53,72,88,110,130,135,143,172],"mortars":[19,154,167],"guarantee":[22],"durability":[24],"built":[26],"structures.":[27],"The":[28,78,90,118,147,177],"present":[29],"work":[30],"not":[31],"only":[32],"falls":[33],"within":[34],"scope":[36],"substitution":[39],"but":[40],"also":[41],"aims":[42],"characterize":[44],"improve":[46],"local":[50],"(Sanaga)":[52],"compare":[54],"them":[55],"with":[56,70,124,138,156,163,169,173,203,212],"those":[57,164],"imported":[59],"widely":[62],"used":[63,180],"in":[64,75,181,191],"laboratories.":[65],"Sanaga":[66,82,158,210],"was":[68],"treated":[69,137],"HCl":[71,116,139,178,216],"then":[73],"characterized":[74],"laboratory.":[77],"constituent":[79],"minerals":[80],"are":[84,160],"quartz,":[85],"albite,":[86],"biotite,":[87],"kaolinite.":[89],"silica":[91],"content":[92],"(SiO2)":[93],"this":[95,182],"untreated":[96,133,157],"is":[98,120],"93.48":[99],"wt.%.":[100],"After":[101],"treatment,":[102],"it":[103],"rose":[104],"97.5":[105],"wt.%":[106,112],"for":[107,113,132,221],"0.5":[108,142,214],"M":[109,115,145,215],"97.3":[111],"1":[114,144],"concentration.":[117],"clean":[121],"(ES,":[122],"97.67%\u201398.87%),":[123],"fineness":[125],"moduli":[126],"2.45,":[128],"2.48,":[129],"2.63":[131],"concentrations":[140],"respectively.":[146],"mechanical":[148],"strengths":[149,187],"(39.59\u201342.4":[150],"MPa)":[151],"obtained":[152,165],"on":[153,166],"made":[155,168],"unsatisfactory":[161],"compared":[162,202],"expected":[175,204],"strengths.":[176],"treatment":[179,208],"study":[183],"significantly":[184],"improved":[185],"these":[186],"(41.12\u201352.36":[188],"MPa),":[189],"resulting":[190],"strength":[192],"deficiencies":[193],"less":[195],"than":[196],"10%":[197],"after":[198],"28":[199],"curing":[200],"days":[201],"values.":[205],"Thus,":[206],"a":[213],"concentration":[217],"offers":[218],"better":[219],"results":[220],"use":[222],"as":[223],"sand.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2024-08-23T00:00:00"}