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IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INFLATIONARY PARADIGM  SPIDER WILL CONFIRM OR EXCLUDE THE PREDICTIONS OF THE SIMPLEST SINGLE-FIELD INFLATIONARY MODELS NEAR THE LYTH BOUND  CHARACTERIZED BY TENSOR TO SCALAR RATIOS R ~ 0.03. WHILE VIABLE ALTERNATIVES TO THE INFLATIONARY PARADIGM ARE AN ACTIVE AND IMPORTANT AREA OF INVESTIGATION  INCLUDING STRING COSMOLOGIES AND CYCLIC MODELS  EARLY UNIVERSE MODELS DESCRIBED BY INFLATIONARY PERIODS ARE NOW WIDELY ACCEPTED AS THE UNDERLYING CAUSE BEHIND MUCH OF WHAT WE OBSERVE IN COSMOLOGY TODAY. NEVERTHELESS  WE KNOW VERY LITTLE ABOUT THE MECHANISM THAT WOULD DRIVE INFLATION OR THE ENERGY SCALE AT WHICH IT OCCURRED  AND THE PARADIGM FACES SIGNIFICANT QUESTIONS ABOUT THE VIABILITY OF THE FRAMEWORK AS A SCIENTIFIC THEORY. FORTUNATELY  INFLATIONARY PARADIGMS AND ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OFFER DISTINCT PREDICTIONS REGARDING THE STATISTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION. SPIDER WILL USE MEASUREMENTS OF THE POLARIZATION OF THE CMB TO SEARCH FOR THE SIGNATURE OF PRIMORDIAL GRAVITATIONAL WAVES THAT ARE PREDICTED WITHIN THE CURRENTLY FAVORED THEORIES OF INFLATION. A DEFINITIVE DETECTION OF THIS SIGNAL WOULD PROVIDE THE FIRST DIRECT INSIGHT INTO THE UNDERLYING PHYSICS OF INFLATION AS WELL AS A MEASUREMENT OF ITS ENERGY SCALE. A STRINGENT LIMIT ON THE AMPLITUDE OF THIS SIGNAL WOULD EXCLUDE THE CURRENTLY FAVORED CLASS OF INFLATIONARY MODELS  BOLSTERING THE CASE FOR ALTERNATIVE THEORIES. SPIDER IS A SUBORBITAL LONG-DURATION BALLOON PAYLOAD HOUSING SIX CRYOGENIC SMALL-APERTURE (HALF-DEGREE RESOLUTION) MILLIMETER-WAVE POLARIMETERS. THE FREQUENCY BANDS OF THE INDIVIDUAL POLARIMETERS ARE CHOSEN TO OPTIMIZE OVERALL SENSITIVITY TO THE INFLATIONARY CMB POLARIZATION SIGNAL IN THE PRESENCE OF GALACTIC FOREGROUNDS. BY MAKING EXTREMELY DEEP  HIGH FIDELITY MEASUREMENTS OF THE ENTIRE PORTION OF THE SOUTHERN SKY THAT IS RELATIVELY FREE OF GALACTIC EMISSION  THE SPIDER DATA COMPLEMENT THOSE OF PLANCK (IN SENSITIVITY AND CONTROL OF SYSTEMATICS) PIPER (IN FREQUENCY COVERAGE) AND EBEX (IN SKY COVERAGE AND ANGULAR SCALE). THE DATA FROM SPIDER'S INAUGURAL FLIGHT IN 2015 HAS RESULTED IN HIGH SIGNAL-TO-NOISE MAPS OF THE SOUTHERN GALACTIC HEMISPHERE COVERING 10% OF THE FULL SKY AT EACH OF 94 AND 150 GHZ. THE PAYLOAD IS NOW BEING FABRICATED AND FITTED WITH A SUITE OF 285 GHZ CAMERAS TO EXTEND OUR FREQUENCY COVERAGE  IMPROVING OUR ABILITY TO DISENTANGLE THE GALACTIC AND COSMOLOGICAL SIGNALS. IF ITS SIGNATURE IS PRESENT IN THE CMB  SPIDER'S FREQUENCY COVERAGE AND FIDELITY TO A BROAD RANGE OF ANGULAR SCALES ENABLE THE EXPERIMENT TO TAKE A STEP BEYOND DETECTION  TOWARD THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GRAVITATIONAL WAVE INDUCED SIGNATURE IN THE CMB. ADDITIONALLY SPIDER SERVES AS A TRAINING GROUND FOR YOUNG SCIENTISTS  INCLUDING 16 GRADUATE STUDENTS (9 FEMALE  7 MALE).","funder_award_id":"NNX17AC55G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G989574591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC21K1986","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333962","funder_display_name":"Science Mission Directorate"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319356","display_name":"Flatiron Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0508h6p74"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321031","display_name":"Swedish National Space 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