{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401425857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","title":"Evaluating Tree Species Mapping: Probability Sampling Validation of Pure and Mixed Species Classes Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Sentinel-2 Time Series","display_name":"Evaluating Tree Species Mapping: Probability Sampling Validation of Pure and Mixed Species Classes Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Sentinel-2 Time Series","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401425857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16162887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015315004","display_name":"Tobias Schadauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8743-536X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8743-536X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Schadauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8743-536X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097686246","display_name":"Susanne Karel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-1533","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-1533"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanne Karel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075206891","display_name":"Markus L\u00f6w","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6622-6497","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6622-6497"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Loew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097580422","display_name":"Ursula Knieling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ursula Knieling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108314502","display_name":"Kevin Kopecky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Kopecky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013680319","display_name":"Christoph Bauerhansl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Bauerhansl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079928843","display_name":"Ambros Berger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-4323","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-4323"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ambros Berger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094146654","display_name":"Stephan Graeber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4239-7812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4239-7812"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155026","display_name":"Austrian Research Centre for Forests","ror":"https://ror.org/05memys52","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Graeber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4239-7812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Inventory, Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1130 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033105562","display_name":"Lukas Winiwarter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-1160","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-1160"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190249584","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Innsbruck","ror":"https://ror.org/054pv6659","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190249584"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Winiwarter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Sciences in Engineering Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstra\u00dfe 13, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria","Research Unit Photogrammetry, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-1160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Sciences in Engineering Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstra\u00dfe 13, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190249584"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Unit Photogrammetry, Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015315004"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155026"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"fwci":1.4927,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82048376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"16","first_page":"2887","last_page":"2887"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.8227999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.8227999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.1273999959230423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.03739999979734421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-species-mapping","display_name":"tree species mapping","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-species-stands","display_name":"mixed stands","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-autocorrelation","display_name":"spatial autocorrelation","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-forest-inventory","display_name":"national forest inventory","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-training-data","display_name":"synthetic training data","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentinel-2-time-series","display_name":"Sentinel-2 time series","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-phenology","display_name":"forest phenology","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-classification","display_name":"forest classification","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spruce","display_name":"spruce","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/larix","display_name":"larch","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beech","display_name":"beech","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oak","display_name":"oak","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-alder","display_name":"green alder","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pine","display_name":"pine","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deciduous-trees","display_name":"deciduous trees","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomic-confusion","display_name":"taxonomic confusion","score":0.45500001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5770177841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93692415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502030","display_name":"Thematic map","level":2,"score":0.53253173828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.49869871139526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4550105929374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.43943488597869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.43471601605415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.24232661724090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21748483180999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15049958229064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16162887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4735219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4735219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4735219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositum.tuwien.at:20.500.12708/199843","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12708/199843","pdf_url":"https://repositum.tuwien.at/bitstream/20.500.12708/199843/1/Schadauer%20Tobias%20-%202024%20-%20Evaluating%20Tree%20Species%20Mapping%20Probability%20Sampling...pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400493","display_name":"reposiTUm (TU Wien)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","host_organization_name":"TU Wien","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EISSN: 2072-4292","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a9b6d75262394c3e8263328a2d2b5fbc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a9b6d75262394c3e8263328a2d2b5fbc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 16, p 2887 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16162887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401425857.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401425857.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488298560","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1977377474","https://openalex.org/W1987868927","https://openalex.org/W2015180254","https://openalex.org/W2054010562","https://openalex.org/W2105273997","https://openalex.org/W2109606373","https://openalex.org/W2112931509","https://openalex.org/W2128570430","https://openalex.org/W2140131090","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2171979590","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2273708466","https://openalex.org/W2515306179","https://openalex.org/W2552199498","https://openalex.org/W2560136348","https://openalex.org/W2560905391","https://openalex.org/W2617056706","https://openalex.org/W2618708155","https://openalex.org/W2755857491","https://openalex.org/W2795553744","https://openalex.org/W2802614010","https://openalex.org/W2891711602","https://openalex.org/W2892035503","https://openalex.org/W2898152330","https://openalex.org/W2898875453","https://openalex.org/W2935706473","https://openalex.org/W2945897702","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2969417817","https://openalex.org/W2988576146","https://openalex.org/W3082324196","https://openalex.org/W3085784695","https://openalex.org/W3088522164","https://openalex.org/W3113484880","https://openalex.org/W3134419191","https://openalex.org/W3185840992","https://openalex.org/W3186328757","https://openalex.org/W3186385928","https://openalex.org/W3194508523","https://openalex.org/W3197578749","https://openalex.org/W3206165964","https://openalex.org/W4237594566","https://openalex.org/W4281946776","https://openalex.org/W4289520498","https://openalex.org/W4289927892","https://openalex.org/W4293253007","https://openalex.org/W4311150398","https://openalex.org/W4364374826","https://openalex.org/W4384928104","https://openalex.org/W6749989856","https://openalex.org/W6782105260","https://openalex.org/W6959641944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392088037","https://openalex.org/W4409251263","https://openalex.org/W3206165964","https://openalex.org/W4403569854","https://openalex.org/W4293253007","https://openalex.org/W2755647755","https://openalex.org/W2935706473","https://openalex.org/W7071585197","https://openalex.org/W4392129251","https://openalex.org/W4390748157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AbstractAccurate":[0],"large-scale":[1],"classification":[2,130],"of":[3,24,44,150,155,196,203,246,260,272,299,396,403,409],"tree":[4,89,101,135,250,410],"species":[5,51,90,102,136,251,411],"is":[6,388],"crucial":[7],"for":[8,30,123,193,267,301],"monitoring,":[9],"protecting,":[10],"and":[11,53,114,137,157,216,222,264,340,365,375],"managing":[12],"Earth\u2019s":[13],"invaluable":[14],"forest":[15,177,378],"ecosystems.":[16],"Numerous":[17],"previous":[18],"studies":[19],"have":[20],"recognized":[21],"the":[22,38,42,92,129,163,187,194,201,236,244,249,268,287,297,369,392,400,407],"suitability":[23],"satellite":[25],"imagery,":[26,29],"particularly":[27,380],"Sentinel-2":[28,77],"this":[31,70,247],"task.":[32],"However,":[33],"research":[34,62],"that":[35],"specifically":[36],"addresses":[37],"challenges":[39],"posed":[40],"by":[41,235,391],"heterogeneity":[43],"forests,":[45],"including":[46],"factors":[47],"such":[48],"as":[49,59,61,117,119],"mixed":[50,134,156,337,404],"stands":[52,54,405],"with":[55,142,243,255,306,354,383],"sparse":[56,143,158],"canopy":[57,144],"cover,":[58],"well":[60,118],"conducted":[63],"on":[64,206,227,317,406],"a":[65,74,120,148,223,228,256,265,277],"large-scale,":[66],"remains":[67],"remarkably":[68],"scarce.In":[69],"study,":[71],"we":[72,127],"utilized":[73],"dense":[75],"phenology":[76],"time":[78],"series,":[79],"which":[80,166],"offered":[81],"consistent":[82],"data":[83,181,271,280,319,374],"across":[84,91],"multiple":[85],"granules,":[86],"to":[87,132,161,173,185],"map":[88],"entire":[93],"forested":[94],"area":[95],"in":[96,147,292,321,346,359,381],"Austria.":[97],"Alongside":[98],"eight":[99],"pure":[100,330,393],"classes":[103,140,159],"(spruce,":[104],"larch,":[105],"black":[106],"pine,":[107,109,111],"white":[108],"mountain":[110],"beech,":[112],"oak,":[113],"green":[115],"alder),":[116],"separate":[121],"class":[122,331,338,394],"other":[124],"deciduous":[125],"species,":[126],"expanded":[128],"scheme":[131],"include":[133],"sparsely":[138],"populated":[139],"(classes":[141],"cover),":[145],"resulting":[146],"total":[149],"25":[151],"classes.":[152],"The":[153,314,356],"incorporation":[154],"aimed":[160],"enrich":[162],"training":[164,188,279,312,373],"data,":[165,208,379],"was":[167,183],"curated":[168],"through":[169],"visual":[170],"orthophoto":[171],"interpretation,":[172],"better":[174],"represent":[175],"actual":[176],"conditions.":[178],"Furthermore,":[179],"synthetic":[180],"creation":[182],"introduced":[184],"enhance":[186],"data.Autocorrelation":[189],"has":[190],"significant":[191,357],"implications":[192],"validation":[195,207,221,224,270,290,315,367],"thematic":[197],"maps.":[198,412],"To":[199],"investigate":[200],"impact":[202,402],"spatial":[204,219,257,288,302,363],"dependency":[205],"two":[209],"methods":[210],"were":[211,253,349],"employed":[212],"at":[213],"diverse":[214,384],"split":[215,220,258,289,364],"buffer":[217,266],"distances:":[218],"method":[225],"based":[226,316],"buffered":[229],"ground":[230,376],"reference":[231,377],"probability":[232],"samples":[233],"provided":[234],"National":[237],"Forest":[238],"Inventory":[239],"(NFI).":[240],"In":[241],"accordance":[242],"results":[245],"investigation":[248],"maps":[252],"assessed":[254],"distance":[259],"4":[261],"000":[262],"meters":[263],"NFI":[269,318,366],"1":[273],"500":[274],"meters.":[275],"While":[276],"random":[278],"holdout":[281,307],"set":[282],"yielded":[283],"99":[284],"%":[285,294,323,327,334,342],"accuracy,":[286,295,325,332,339],"resulted":[291,320],"74":[293],"emphasizing":[296],"importance":[298],"accounting":[300],"autocorrelation":[303],"when":[304,344],"validating":[305],"sets":[308],"derived":[309],"from":[310],"polygon-based":[311,372],"data.":[313],"55":[322],"overall":[324],"91":[326,397],"post":[328,335],"hoc":[329,336],"65":[333],"79":[341],"accuracy":[343,360,395,408],"confusions":[345],"taxonomic":[347],"proximity":[348],"disregarded":[350],"(e.g.,":[351],"spruce-larch":[352],"confused":[353],"spruce-beech).":[355],"decline":[358],"observed":[361],"between":[362,371],"underscores":[368],"disparity":[370],"areas":[382],"forests.":[385],"This":[386],"discrepancy":[387],"further":[389],"accentuated":[390],"%,":[398],"revealing":[399],"substantial":[401]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-08-09T00:00:00"}