{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401400754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","title":"Exploring the Landscape of Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review of IoT and Cyber-Physical Systems","display_name":"Exploring the Landscape of Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review of IoT and Cyber-Physical Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401400754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","pdf_url":"http://ijcs.net/ijcs/index.php/ijcs/article/download/3843/558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234583","display_name":"Indonesian Journal of Computer Science","issn_l":"2302-4364","issn":["2302-4364","2549-7286"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275487","host_organization_name":"Universitas Metamedia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275487"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Indonesian Journal of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://ijcs.net/ijcs/index.php/ijcs/article/download/3843/558","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077527052","display_name":"Karwan Muheden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2287-0384","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2287-0384"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253865","display_name":"Erbil Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m6h915","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karwan Muheden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erbil Polytechnic university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erbil Polytechnic university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014770882","display_name":"Shavan K. Askar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-8181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-8181"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253865","display_name":"Erbil Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m6h915","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shavan Askar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erbil Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erbil Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111283545","display_name":"Mariwan Mohammed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253865","display_name":"Erbil Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m6h915","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariwan Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erbil Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erbil Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095041627","display_name":"Noura Bilal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253865","display_name":"Erbil Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m6h915","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noura Bilal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erbil Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erbil Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253865"],"apc_list":{"value":100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":100},"apc_paid":{"value":100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":100},"fwci":0.5632,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68694928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-cities","display_name":"smart cities","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-systems","display_name":"cyber-physical systems","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"software-defined networking","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"energy management","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid-management","display_name":"power grid management","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web-ontologies","display_name":"semantic web ontologies","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-stakeholder-collaboration","display_name":"multi-stakeholder collaboration","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-standards","display_name":"energy standards","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transportation-automation","display_name":"transportation automation","score":0.38199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.744057297706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.652239203453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.5309585928916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994309752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1935974","display_name":"Urban landscape","level":2,"score":0.4499640166759491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.42770087718963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3966621160507202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3634546995162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3218351900577545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.30354610085487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29503870010375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19538050889968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","pdf_url":"http://ijcs.net/ijcs/index.php/ijcs/article/download/3843/558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234583","display_name":"Indonesian Journal of Computer Science","issn_l":"2302-4364","issn":["2302-4364","2549-7286"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275487","host_organization_name":"Universitas Metamedia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275487"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Indonesian Journal of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i2.3843","pdf_url":"http://ijcs.net/ijcs/index.php/ijcs/article/download/3843/558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234583","display_name":"Indonesian Journal of Computer Science","issn_l":"2302-4364","issn":["2302-4364","2549-7286"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275487","host_organization_name":"Universitas Metamedia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275487"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Indonesian Journal of Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"score":0.8787999749183655,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401400754.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401400754.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963689950","https://openalex.org/W2304776229","https://openalex.org/W2520451777","https://openalex.org/W2576179182","https://openalex.org/W2606501539","https://openalex.org/W2611264308","https://openalex.org/W2611626082","https://openalex.org/W2621112020","https://openalex.org/W2625505679","https://openalex.org/W2691059671","https://openalex.org/W2702883767","https://openalex.org/W2764114605","https://openalex.org/W2767637041","https://openalex.org/W2790284307","https://openalex.org/W2829366072","https://openalex.org/W2886652752","https://openalex.org/W2887832125","https://openalex.org/W2888165279","https://openalex.org/W2903603888","https://openalex.org/W2904838235","https://openalex.org/W2975389095","https://openalex.org/W2999695716","https://openalex.org/W3001128173","https://openalex.org/W3003242083","https://openalex.org/W3012960514","https://openalex.org/W3013304087","https://openalex.org/W3041897209","https://openalex.org/W3045803090","https://openalex.org/W3048679161","https://openalex.org/W3090136535","https://openalex.org/W3092534074","https://openalex.org/W3102266658","https://openalex.org/W3112187930","https://openalex.org/W3118022559","https://openalex.org/W3126371522","https://openalex.org/W3128414844","https://openalex.org/W3128483241","https://openalex.org/W3128591510","https://openalex.org/W3128721861","https://openalex.org/W3129173550","https://openalex.org/W3143739303","https://openalex.org/W3167919718","https://openalex.org/W3194698454","https://openalex.org/W3214529927","https://openalex.org/W4210428848","https://openalex.org/W4297904486","https://openalex.org/W4313484954","https://openalex.org/W4323022477","https://openalex.org/W4327808973","https://openalex.org/W4378715571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997633251","https://openalex.org/W3160200186","https://openalex.org/W3133891902","https://openalex.org/W4409360201","https://openalex.org/W3208520231","https://openalex.org/W2756296838","https://openalex.org/W4388918327","https://openalex.org/W2886534050","https://openalex.org/W7169715863","https://openalex.org/W2775707815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"They":[0],"focus":[1],"on":[2],"housing,":[3],"well-being,":[4],"equality,":[5],"clean":[6],"energy":[7,67,127,146],"and":[8,19,31,44,55,72,107,122,142,153,173,193,199,210],"fair":[9],"conditions.":[10],"The":[11],"cyber-physical":[12],"approach":[13,98],"involves":[14],"the":[15,52,59,102,145,150],"development":[16],"of":[17,26,135,155],"IoT":[18,202],"Cyber-Things.":[20],"Smart":[21],"cities":[22,137,177],"have":[23],"a":[24,74,89,116],"variety":[25],"use":[27],"cases,":[28],"including":[29,132],"electricity":[30],"transportation.":[32],"Automating":[33],"is":[34,49,203],"used":[35],"for":[36,51,77,92,112,120,140,206],"efficiency":[37,192],"in":[38,104,126,144],"industrial":[39],"manufacturing.":[40],"An":[41],"integrated":[42,66,110],"supply":[43],"demand":[45],"side":[46],"management":[47,191],"system":[48,165],"required":[50],"reliability,":[53],"security":[54],"ability":[56],"to":[57,87,100,187],"manage":[58],"power":[60],"grid.":[61],"This":[62,96],"paper":[63],"introduces":[64,82],"an":[65,109],"approach,":[68],"enhances":[69],"existing":[70],"standards,":[71],"establishes":[73],"shared":[75],"basis":[76],"multidisciplinary":[78],"planning.":[79],"It":[80],"also":[81],"new":[83,97],"semantic":[84,117],"network":[85,168,190],"ontologies":[86],"provide":[88,188],"comprehensive":[90],"framework":[91],"solving":[93],"resource-related":[94],"challenges.":[95],"aims":[99],"fill":[101],"gaps":[103],"current":[105],"standards":[106],"create":[108],"environment":[111],"multi-stakeholder":[113],"collaboration,":[114],"using":[115],"web":[118],"ontology":[119],"communication":[121],"improved":[123],"decision":[124],"making":[125],"systems":[128,186],"Provides":[129],"information":[130],"integrated,":[131],"various":[133,156],"forms":[134],"smart":[136,157,176],"With":[138],"flexibility":[139,141],"inclusion":[143],"industry,":[147],"can":[148],"accommodate":[149],"specific":[151],"characteristics":[152],"needs":[154],"city":[158],"applications":[159],"In":[160],"this":[161],"study,":[162],"computing":[163],"-physical":[164],"(CPS),":[166],"software-defined":[167],"(SDN),":[169],"internet":[170],"(IoT).":[171],"),":[172],"analyze":[174],"how":[175],"are":[178],"connected.":[179],"CPS":[180],"combines":[181],"physical":[182],"channels":[183],"with":[184],"electronic":[185],"increased":[189],"flexibility.":[194],"SDN":[195],"improves":[196],"dynamic":[197],"capacity":[198],"flexibility,":[200],"while":[201],"more":[204],"connected":[205],"real-time":[207],"data":[208],"exchange":[209],"decision-making.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-08-08T00:00:00"}