{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401094544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","title":"\u201cFlow\u201d Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Depression Treatment in a Primary Healthcare General Practice\u2014An Open-Label Cohort Study Measuring Montgomery-\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S) Outcomes","display_name":"\u201cFlow\u201d Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Depression Treatment in a Primary Healthcare General Practice\u2014An Open-Label Cohort Study Measuring Montgomery-\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S) Outcomes","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401094544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojpsych2024144_101420902.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764987031","display_name":"Open Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"2161-7325","issn":["2161-7325","2161-7333"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojpsych2024144_101420902.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039669134","display_name":"Chris Griffiths","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6377-907X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6377-907X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127145","display_name":"Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/0358tcd02","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127145"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chris Griffiths","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001759484","display_name":"Harmony Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6167-8497","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6167-8497"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127145","display_name":"Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/0358tcd02","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127145"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harmony Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112010704","display_name":"David Smart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-2791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-2791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35870678","display_name":"University of Northampton","ror":"https://ror.org/04jp2hx10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35870678"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Smart","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Northampton, Northampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Northampton, Northampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35870678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003845131","display_name":"Azhar Zafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4344-3915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4344-3915"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267266","display_name":"General Practice Alliance Limited","ror":"https://ror.org/01y98pc98","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267266"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azhar Zafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Practice Alliance Ltd., Northampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Practice Alliance Ltd., Northampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267266"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039669134"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127145"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7663,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64652943,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"04","first_page":"386","last_page":"399"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11921","display_name":"Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-direct-current-stimulation","display_name":"transcranial direct current stimulation","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression-treatment","display_name":"depression treatment","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"primary care","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-practice","display_name":"general practice","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-based-neuromodulation","display_name":"home-based neuromodulation","score":0.7239999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6771724224090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.542987048625946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.5056338310241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.4563484787940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777803708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603398","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4488914906978607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4126274585723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3998938202857971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38282620906829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2447613775730133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.11209410429000854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.10388132929801941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0994928777217865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07686111330986023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojpsych2024144_101420902.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764987031","display_name":"Open Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"2161-7325","issn":["2161-7325","2161-7333"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2024.144024","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojpsych2024144_101420902.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764987031","display_name":"Open Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"2161-7325","issn":["2161-7325","2161-7333"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401094544.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401094544.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971560161","https://openalex.org/W1999656412","https://openalex.org/W2044133982","https://openalex.org/W2060474514","https://openalex.org/W2132324173","https://openalex.org/W2152984006","https://openalex.org/W2153724180","https://openalex.org/W2266871031","https://openalex.org/W2607066413","https://openalex.org/W2802512234","https://openalex.org/W2891016433","https://openalex.org/W2894886297","https://openalex.org/W2902481475","https://openalex.org/W2923273639","https://openalex.org/W2949370209","https://openalex.org/W2972025990","https://openalex.org/W2996510667","https://openalex.org/W2997551281","https://openalex.org/W3008639106","https://openalex.org/W3044497410","https://openalex.org/W3175794254","https://openalex.org/W4220772944","https://openalex.org/W4236472310","https://openalex.org/W4284977600","https://openalex.org/W4288758071","https://openalex.org/W4321225512","https://openalex.org/W4388051453","https://openalex.org/W4390807341","https://openalex.org/W4391144266","https://openalex.org/W4392171619","https://openalex.org/W4396876984","https://openalex.org/W4403601600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396876984","https://openalex.org/W4411493754","https://openalex.org/W4388051453","https://openalex.org/W7128594723","https://openalex.org/W4410594153","https://openalex.org/W4404550285","https://openalex.org/W4401222987","https://openalex.org/W4411493779","https://openalex.org/W4404549077","https://openalex.org/W4392171619"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Flow":[1,47,156,174],"FL-100":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,13,20,142,162],"transcranial":[5],"direct":[6],"current":[7],"stimulation":[8],"(tDCS)":[9],"device":[10],"self-administered":[11,81],"by":[12],"patient":[14,61],"at":[15,127,133,137,151],"home":[16],"in":[17,33,145,181,205],"combination":[18],"with":[19,56,64,108,147],"software":[21],"application":[22],"delivered":[23,160],"wellbeing":[24],"behaviour":[25],"therapy":[26],"training.":[27],"tDCS":[28,85,157,175,191,204],"has":[29,192],"evidence":[30,193],"of":[31,36,46,203],"effectiveness":[32],"treating":[34],"symptoms":[35],"depression.":[37],"Purpose/Aim:":[38],"This":[39],"post":[40],"marketing":[41],"study":[42],"evaluated":[43],"the":[44,90,200],"effect":[45,149],"on":[48],"depression":[49,57,78,179,197],"for":[50,89],"primary":[51,163,206],"care":[52,207],"general":[53,165,208],"practice":[54,166,209],"patients":[55,169],"symptoms.":[58,79],"Methods:":[59],"Open-label":[60],"cohort":[62],"design":[63],"no":[65],"control":[66],"group.":[67],"Inclusion":[68],"criteria":[69],"were":[70,122],"aged":[71],"18":[72],"years":[73],"or":[74],"over":[75],"and":[76,94,104,135,168,183,189,199],"reporting":[77],"Participants":[80],"five":[82],"30":[83],"minute":[84],"sessions":[86,97],"per":[87,98],"week":[88,99,106],"first":[91],"three":[92,128],"weeks,":[93,129],"then":[95],"3":[96],"following":[100],"this.":[101],"Three,":[102],"six":[103],"ten":[105],"assessment":[107],"participant":[109],"self-report":[110],"measure:":[111],"Montgomery-":[112],"\u00c5sberg":[113],"Depression":[114],"Rating":[115],"Scale":[116],"(MADRS-S).":[117],"Results:":[118],"MADRS-S":[119,146],"remission":[120],"rates":[121],"between":[123],"29%":[124],"-":[125,131],"30%":[126],"33%":[130],"34%":[132],"six-weeks":[134],"50%":[136],"10-weeks":[138],"treatment.":[139],"There":[140],"was":[141],"significant":[143],"improvement":[144],"large":[148],"sizes":[150],"all":[152],"time":[153],"points.":[154],"Conclusions:":[155],"can":[158],"be":[159,211],"through":[161],"healthcare":[164],"service":[167],"will":[170],"choose":[171],"to":[172,187],"use.":[173],"provides":[176],"an":[177,185,195],"effective":[178,196],"treatment":[180],"addition":[182],"as":[184,194],"alternative":[186],"antidepressants":[188],"psychotherapy.":[190],"treatment,":[198],"widespread":[201],"availability":[202],"should":[210],"considered.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-07-31T00:00:00"}