{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400909649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","title":"Efficient Real-time On-the-edge Facial Expression Recognition using Optomyography Smart Glasses","display_name":"Efficient Real-time On-the-edge Facial Expression Recognition using Optomyography Smart Glasses","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400909649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087839","display_name":"International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047745137","display_name":"Bojan Sofronievski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9701-3229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9701-3229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106263","display_name":"Emteq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gybxp05","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bojan Sofronievski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057005082","display_name":"Ivana Kiprijanovska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-0344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-0344","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-3928"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106263","display_name":"Emteq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gybxp05","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivana Kiprijanovska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002954762","display_name":"Simon Stankoski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-6731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-6731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106263","display_name":"Emteq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gybxp05","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Stankoski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076515646","display_name":"Borjan Sazdov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5343-6048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5343-6048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106263","display_name":"Emteq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gybxp05","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Borjan Sazdov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011452943","display_name":"Josif Kjosev","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76245029","display_name":"Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje","ror":"https://ror.org/02wk2vx54","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josif Kjosev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje,Skopje,N. Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje,Skopje,N. Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059732081","display_name":"Charles C. Nduka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-0502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-0502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106263","display_name":"Emteq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gybxp05","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Nduka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004955908","display_name":"Hristijan Gjoreski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-4268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-4268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106263","display_name":"Emteq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gybxp05","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hristijan Gjoreski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emteq Ltd.,Brighton,UK,BN1 9SB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106263"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3425","issue":null,"first_page":"49","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"facial expression recognition","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-glasses","display_name":"smart glasses","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-emotion-monitoring","display_name":"real-time emotion monitoring","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smile-detection","display_name":"smile detection","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-machine-learning","display_name":"low-power machine learning","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"feature selection","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-compression","display_name":"model compression","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987714656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185804","display_name":"Facial expression recognition","level":4,"score":0.6768364310264587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.666379988193512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.6048617362976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.5922942161560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5637820959091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5186154842376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43212050199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.414800226688385}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ie61493.2024.10599896","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087839","display_name":"International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009375902","https://openalex.org/W2288812598","https://openalex.org/W2927390772","https://openalex.org/W2946164008","https://openalex.org/W3027245122","https://openalex.org/W3107850082","https://openalex.org/W3201019945","https://openalex.org/W4284884132","https://openalex.org/W4303438353","https://openalex.org/W4366547682","https://openalex.org/W4366959054","https://openalex.org/W4382568264","https://openalex.org/W4387004191","https://openalex.org/W4405583080","https://openalex.org/W6802952641","https://openalex.org/W6968757211"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366290666","https://openalex.org/W4387004191","https://openalex.org/W4382568264","https://openalex.org/W4376636905","https://openalex.org/W4400675054","https://openalex.org/W7125507370","https://openalex.org/W4401711738","https://openalex.org/W4417509909","https://openalex.org/W4392019525","https://openalex.org/W4409890955"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"emotional":[1,76],"states":[2],"through":[3],"facial":[4,35,72],"expressions":[5,50,73],"plays":[6],"a":[7,67,84,114],"pivotal":[8],"role":[9],"in":[10,52],"various":[11],"domains,":[12],"from":[13,40],"mental":[14],"health":[15],"assessments":[16],"to":[17],"human-computer":[18],"interaction.":[19],"In":[20],"this":[21,53],"study,":[22],"we":[23],"present":[24],"an":[25,122],"algorithm":[26],"tailored":[27],"for":[28,75],"efficient,":[29],"real-time,":[30],"on-the-edge":[31],"monitoring":[32],"of":[33,70,87,118,124],"key":[34,71],"expressions,":[36],"utilizing":[37],"the":[38],"data":[39],"novel":[41],"optomyography":[42],"(OMG)":[43],"based":[44],"smart":[45],"glasses":[46],"-":[47],"OCOsense\u2122.":[48],"The":[49,78],"targeted":[51],"study":[54],"include":[55,103],"low-and":[56],"high-intensity":[57],"variation":[58],"of:":[59],"smile,":[60],"frown,":[61],"eyebrow":[62],"raise,":[63],"and":[64,81,94,106,121],"winks,":[65],"facilitating":[66],"comprehensive":[68],"understanding":[69],"essential":[74],"assessment.":[77],"algorithm,":[79],"developed":[80],"evaluated":[82],"on":[83],"large":[85],"dataset":[86],"40":[88],"participants,":[89],"prioritizes":[90],"low":[91],"power":[92,129],"consumption":[93,130],"fast":[95],"inference":[96],"times.":[97],"After":[98],"performing":[99],"optimization":[100],"steps":[101],"that":[102],"feature":[104],"selection":[105],"model":[107],"hyper-parameter":[108],"tuning,":[109],"our":[110],"final":[111],"prototype":[112],"achieved":[113],"compact":[115],"code":[116],"size":[117],"71.3":[119],"kB":[120],"accuracy":[123],"93.8%,":[125],"all":[126],"while":[127],"maintaining":[128],"at":[131],"0.43":[132],"watts.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-07-24T00:00:00"}