{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400701608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","title":"A comparison of approaches to quantify carbon for ecosystem service assessments through time","display_name":"A comparison of approaches to quantify carbon for ecosystem service assessments through time","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400701608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1139/facets-2023-0053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213787","display_name":"FACETS","issn_l":"2371-1671","issn":["2371-1671"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FACETS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081979408","display_name":"Amanda M. Schwantes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-1078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-1078"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amanda M. Schwantes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-1078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075514936","display_name":"Carina Rauen Firkowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0540-9529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0540-9529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carina Rauen Firkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apex Resource Management Solutions","Department of Biology, McGill University","Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","Apex Resource Management Solutions, Ottawa, ON K2A 3K2, Canada","Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada","Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0540-9529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apex Resource Management Solutions","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, McGill University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apex Resource Management Solutions, Ottawa, ON K2A 3K2, Canada","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038703485","display_name":"Peter S. Rodriguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-9962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-9962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter S. Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-9962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059590788","display_name":"Andrew Gonzalez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-8081","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-8081"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257120","display_name":"Group on Earth Observations","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfre028","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261226","display_name":"Centre de la science de la biodiversit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/04zbfd360","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261226"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA","CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, McGill University","Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network","Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University","Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada","Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-8081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, McGill University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257120"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261226","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261226","https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046716302","display_name":"Marie\u2010Jos\u00e9e Fortin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-1366","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-1366"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie-Jos\u00e9e Fortin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-1366","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1350,"currency":"CAD","value_usd":984},"apc_paid":{"value":1350,"currency":"CAD","value_usd":984},"fwci":1.0611,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72405742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.8935999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.8935999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.02539999969303608,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.016599999740719795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-monitoring","display_name":"carbon monitoring","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-services","display_name":"ecosystem services","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-regulation","display_name":"climate regulation","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aboveground-carbon-storage","display_name":"aboveground carbon storage","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belowground-carbon-storage","display_name":"belowground carbon storage","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-sequestration","display_name":"carbon sequestration","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover-maps","display_name":"land cover maps","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing-data","display_name":"remote sensing data","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-balance-modeling","display_name":"mass balance model","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-pools","display_name":"carbon pools","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-climate-solutions","display_name":"natural climate solutions","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservation-and-restoration","display_name":"conservation and restoration","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-management","display_name":"land management","score":0.7110000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.6301791667938232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6236376762390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6068333983421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6031199097633362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6022788286209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22884784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15305550","display_name":"Carbon sequestration","level":3,"score":0.5948907732963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.5636361837387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.5583223104476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777489503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698936","display_name":"Temporal scales","level":2,"score":0.47980740666389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6939412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167751","display_name":"Carbon cycle","level":3,"score":0.45516833662986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.4486163854598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4163784980773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.412601113319397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3849417567253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.22110605239868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18010073900222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.10663414001464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1139/facets-2023-0053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213787","display_name":"FACETS","issn_l":"2371-1671","issn":["2371-1671"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FACETS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:15e210ba1f7d4159bdfe54e5f27496be","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/15e210ba1f7d4159bdfe54e5f27496be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"FACETS, Vol 9, Iss , Pp 1-13 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1139/facets-2023-0053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213787","display_name":"FACETS","issn_l":"2371-1671","issn":["2371-1671"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FACETS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.9599999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1460700140","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSERC NETGP 523374-18","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35344886","https://openalex.org/W1583211533","https://openalex.org/W1958938772","https://openalex.org/W1976988124","https://openalex.org/W2006466391","https://openalex.org/W2023854732","https://openalex.org/W2039756511","https://openalex.org/W2040120109","https://openalex.org/W2045505889","https://openalex.org/W2055933413","https://openalex.org/W2077030153","https://openalex.org/W2086255197","https://openalex.org/W2102843713","https://openalex.org/W2115425542","https://openalex.org/W2124230963","https://openalex.org/W2125103457","https://openalex.org/W2130382230","https://openalex.org/W2132074553","https://openalex.org/W2134086511","https://openalex.org/W2136364648","https://openalex.org/W2144453567","https://openalex.org/W2145808276","https://openalex.org/W2147171936","https://openalex.org/W2148252262","https://openalex.org/W2149829096","https://openalex.org/W2158370478","https://openalex.org/W2158958908","https://openalex.org/W2162921856","https://openalex.org/W2163860591","https://openalex.org/W2169588106","https://openalex.org/W2186686638","https://openalex.org/W2252962605","https://openalex.org/W2302501749","https://openalex.org/W2338024616","https://openalex.org/W2487531632","https://openalex.org/W2519343095","https://openalex.org/W2588003345","https://openalex.org/W2588252600","https://openalex.org/W2588701025","https://openalex.org/W2745770579","https://openalex.org/W2753848662","https://openalex.org/W2770061999","https://openalex.org/W2771356483","https://openalex.org/W2791390040","https://openalex.org/W2791779962","https://openalex.org/W2808456457","https://openalex.org/W2808539940","https://openalex.org/W2886463967","https://openalex.org/W2890187819","https://openalex.org/W2892299358","https://openalex.org/W2893324711","https://openalex.org/W2895521187","https://openalex.org/W2897123541","https://openalex.org/W2897811296","https://openalex.org/W2898601766","https://openalex.org/W2944659559","https://openalex.org/W2944796417","https://openalex.org/W2971652221","https://openalex.org/W2989648062","https://openalex.org/W2993949137","https://openalex.org/W3003933125","https://openalex.org/W3007858984","https://openalex.org/W3014632484","https://openalex.org/W3037736059","https://openalex.org/W3045289590","https://openalex.org/W3048520469","https://openalex.org/W3048558434","https://openalex.org/W3085784695","https://openalex.org/W3094128690","https://openalex.org/W3121174489","https://openalex.org/W3122223605","https://openalex.org/W3124356053","https://openalex.org/W3136995942","https://openalex.org/W3171228183","https://openalex.org/W3176527959","https://openalex.org/W3208653382","https://openalex.org/W3213068741","https://openalex.org/W4210758197","https://openalex.org/W4220910376","https://openalex.org/W4319790970","https://openalex.org/W4321465243","https://openalex.org/W4365810433","https://openalex.org/W4388516613","https://openalex.org/W6964654304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886361093","https://openalex.org/W2032797335","https://openalex.org/W7202345535","https://openalex.org/W7160334120","https://openalex.org/W7126334526","https://openalex.org/W2353539263","https://openalex.org/W7135234738","https://openalex.org/W4403096898","https://openalex.org/W6981677275","https://openalex.org/W7095922253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Monitoring":[0],"of":[1,48,51,72,162,169],"global":[2],"climate":[3,19,197],"regulation":[4],"ecosystem":[5,164],"services":[6],"is":[7,24],"needed":[8],"to":[9,105,132],"inform":[10],"national":[11],"accounts,":[12],"meet":[13],"emission":[14],"targets,":[15],"and":[16,37,45,56,62,66,98,109,118,126,166,195],"evaluate":[17],"nature-based":[18,196],"solutions.":[20,198],"As":[21],"carbon":[22,64,78,90,116,145,170,177],"monitoring":[23,178],"context-dependent,":[25],"the":[26,34],"most":[27],"useful":[28],"methodological":[29],"approach":[30,138],"will":[31,53],"depend":[32],"on":[33,60],"spatial":[35,160],"extent":[36],"resolution,":[38],"temporal":[39,167],"frequency,":[40],"baseline,":[41],"available":[42],"data,":[43,108],"funding,":[44],"dominant":[46],"drivers":[47],"change,":[49],"all":[50],"which":[52],"impact":[54],"results":[55],"interpretation.":[57],"Here,":[58],"focusing":[59],"above":[61],"belowground":[63],"storage":[65],"sequestration,":[67],"we":[68],"review":[69],"four":[70],"groups":[71],"methods":[73,156],"for":[74,129,150,159,192],"estimating":[75],"trends":[76],"in":[77,135],"over":[79],"time:":[80],"(1)":[81],"field-based":[82],"measurements,":[83],"(2)":[84],"land":[85,93,186],"cover":[86,94],"maps":[87],"with":[88,189],"reference":[89],"values":[91],"by":[92],"type,":[95],"(3)":[96],"statistical":[97],"machine":[99],"learning":[100],"models":[101,113],"linking":[102],"field":[103],"measurements":[104],"remotely":[106],"sensed":[107],"(4)":[110],"mass":[111],"balance":[112],"representing":[114],"key":[115],"pools":[117],"flows":[119],"between":[120],"them.":[121],"We":[122],"discuss":[123],"strengths,":[124],"limitations,":[125],"best":[127,155],"practices":[128],"each":[130],"method":[131],"assist":[133],"researchers":[134],"implementing":[136],"an":[137,143],"or":[139],"critically":[140],"evaluating":[141],"whether":[142],"existing":[144],"dataset":[146],"can":[147,179],"be":[148],"used":[149],"a":[151],"different":[152],"project.":[153],"The":[154],"often":[157],"account":[158],"variability":[161],"carbon,":[163],"interconnections,":[165],"stability":[168],"stocks":[171],"against":[172],"future":[173],"environmental":[174],"changes.":[175],"Effective":[176],"help":[180],"determine":[181],"optimal":[182],"conservation,":[183],"restoration,":[184],"and/or":[185],"management":[187],"interventions":[188],"win-win":[190],"outcomes":[191],"both":[193],"conservation":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2024-07-17T00:00:00"}
