{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400577618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","title":"Association between serum total cholesterol and the development of gastric cancer: A two-way two-sample Mendelian randomization study","display_name":"Association between serum total cholesterol and the development of gastric cancer: A two-way two-sample Mendelian randomization study","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400577618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38996131","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11245271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/md.0000000000038900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28966261","display_name":"Medicine","issn_l":"0025-7974","issn":["0025-7974","1536-5964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Peng Yan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113653","display_name":"Bozhou People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/025qsj431","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113653"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Oncology, Lixin County People\u2019s Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Oncology, Lixin County People\u2019s Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020531388","display_name":"Dong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-9244","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-9244"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113653","display_name":"Bozhou People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/025qsj431","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113653"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Oncology, Lixin County People\u2019s Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui, China","Dong Zhao, Department of Medical Oncology, Lixin County People's Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui 237000, China (e-mail"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-9244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Oncology, Lixin County People\u2019s Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113653"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dong Zhao, Department of Medical Oncology, Lixin County People's Hospital, Bozhou, Anhui 237000, China (e-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113653"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020531388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113653"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1950},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1950},"fwci":0.6037,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57683638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"103","issue":"28","first_page":"e38900","last_page":"e38900"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12465","display_name":"Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism","score":0.07800000160932541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10696","display_name":"Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-cholesterol","display_name":"total cholesterol","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastric-cancer","display_name":"gastric cancer","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-relationship","display_name":"causal relationship","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protective-factors","display_name":"protective factors","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-correlation","display_name":"genetic correlation","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphisms","display_name":"single nucleotide polymorphisms","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumental-variables","display_name":"instrumental variables","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-causality","display_name":"reverse causality","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horizontal-pleiotropy","display_name":"horizontal pleiotropy","score":0.7440000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779901538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6816584","display_name":"Mendelian randomization","level":5,"score":0.9022729992866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6673712730407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6089306473731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.5793248414993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.5339978933334351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26207810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134884","display_name":"Pleiotropy","level":4,"score":0.5083405375480652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.47762149572372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.4562685191631317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.42624345421791077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.42212098836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3900598883628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.37141555547714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.20118501782417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.12979775667190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993967602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532932","display_name":"Genetic variants","level":4,"score":0.11108249425888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.09962084889411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002784","descriptor_name":"Cholesterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013274","descriptor_name":"Stomach Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013274","descriptor_name":"Stomach Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013274","descriptor_name":"Stomach Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057182","descriptor_name":"Mendelian Randomization Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/md.0000000000038900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28966261","display_name":"Medicine","issn_l":"0025-7974","issn":["0025-7974","1536-5964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11245271","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11245271","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11245271/pdf/medi-103-e38900.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine (Baltimore)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38996131","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38996131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/md.0000000000038900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28966261","display_name":"Medicine","issn_l":"0025-7974","issn":["0025-7974","1536-5964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400577618.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400577618.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95626263","https://openalex.org/W1966642164","https://openalex.org/W2009664217","https://openalex.org/W2067876971","https://openalex.org/W2103783427","https://openalex.org/W2114506141","https://openalex.org/W2115494022","https://openalex.org/W2138331892","https://openalex.org/W2143685991","https://openalex.org/W2157600838","https://openalex.org/W2890789788","https://openalex.org/W2945028275","https://openalex.org/W2966019641","https://openalex.org/W2999983861","https://openalex.org/W3004181286","https://openalex.org/W3034541161","https://openalex.org/W3034809608","https://openalex.org/W3096070030","https://openalex.org/W3108628692","https://openalex.org/W3128646645","https://openalex.org/W3138512260","https://openalex.org/W3147142721","https://openalex.org/W3195291379","https://openalex.org/W4286213159","https://openalex.org/W4294783583","https://openalex.org/W4318919268","https://openalex.org/W4321458200","https://openalex.org/W4361284336","https://openalex.org/W4362506361","https://openalex.org/W4378231746","https://openalex.org/W4383531941","https://openalex.org/W4389257656","https://openalex.org/W4391519871","https://openalex.org/W4391972305","https://openalex.org/W4392386623","https://openalex.org/W4393949236","https://openalex.org/W6792798819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410616553","https://openalex.org/W4407830176","https://openalex.org/W4399665077","https://openalex.org/W4413273234","https://openalex.org/W4414400159","https://openalex.org/W4395684425","https://openalex.org/W7159624441","https://openalex.org/W7154972451","https://openalex.org/W4410084527","https://openalex.org/W7118650125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"epidemiologic":[1],"studies":[2,20],"have":[3,21,26],"suggested":[4],"a":[5,33,43,76,149,235,247],"potential":[6,56],"negative":[7,255],"correlation":[8,54],"between":[9,36,59,152,212,238],"total":[10],"cholesterol":[11],"(TC)":[12],"and":[13,25,38,55,73,104,131,154,214,240],"Gastric":[14],"cancer":[15],"(GC);":[16],"however,":[17],"several":[18],"observational":[19],"shown":[22],"conflicting":[23],"results":[24,187],"failed":[27],"to":[28,50,113,253],"provide":[29],"definitive":[30],"evidence":[31,208,233],"for":[32,65],"causal":[34,57,85,150,236],"relationship":[35,58,86,151],"TC":[37,72,153,213,239,244],"GC.":[39],"Therefore,":[40],"we":[41,191],"conducted":[42],"2-sample":[44],"bidirectional":[45],"Mendelian":[46],"randomization":[47],"(MR)":[48],"study":[49,80,231],"explore":[51],"the":[52,60,115,178,186,193,198,219,224,258],"genetic":[53],"2":[61],"variables.":[62],"We":[63],"screened":[64],"single":[66],"nucleotide":[67],"polymorphisms":[68],"(SNPs)":[69],"associated":[70],"with":[71,257],"GC":[74,155,222,251],"utilizing":[75],"large-scale":[77],"genome-wide":[78],"association":[79,237,256],"(GWAS)":[81],"public":[82],"database.":[83],"The":[84,145],"was":[87,111,175],"analyzed":[88],"using":[89],"5":[90],"MR":[91,109,180,204,230],"analysis":[92,110,181,205],"methods:":[93],"inverse":[94,203],"variance":[95],"weighting":[96],"(IVW),":[97],"weighted":[98,102],"median,":[99],"MR-Egger":[100],"regression,":[101],"mode,":[103],"simple":[105],"mode.":[106],"Additionally,":[107],"reverse":[108,118,210,225],"performed":[112],"evaluate":[114],"possibility":[116],"of":[117,209,221,227,234],"causality.":[119],"Sensitivity":[120,165],"analyses":[121,166],"were":[122,139],"conducted,":[123],"including":[124],"heterogeneity":[125,174],"tests,":[126,130],"horizontal":[127,171],"multiple":[128],"validity":[129],"leave-one-out":[132],"tests.":[133],"After":[134],"meticulous":[135],"screening,":[136],"79":[137],"SNPs":[138],"identified":[140],"as":[141,190,197,246],"instrumental":[142],"variables":[143],"(IVs).":[144],"IVW":[146,194],"method":[147],"revealed":[148],"(OR":[156],"=":[157,163,184],"0.844;":[158],"95%":[159],"CI:":[160],"0.741-0.961;":[161],"P":[162],".01).":[164],"did":[167],"not":[168],"detect":[169],"significant":[170],"pleiotropy.":[172],"Though":[173],"observed":[176],"in":[177],"forward":[179],"(IVW,":[182],"Qp":[183],"0.0006),":[185],"remained":[188],"reliable":[189],"utilized":[192],"random-effects":[195],"model":[196],"primary":[199],"analytical":[200],"method.":[201],"Furthermore,":[202],"found":[206],"no":[207],"causality":[211,226],"GC,":[215,241],"effectively":[216],"ruling":[217],"out":[218],"influence":[220],"on":[223],"TC.":[228],"Our":[229],"provided":[232],"suggesting":[242],"that":[243],"acts":[245],"protective":[248],"factor":[249],"against":[250],"due":[252],"its":[254],"disease.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-07-13T00:00:00"}
