{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400547834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","title":"Modelling pre-Hispanic settlement patterns in Alto de Toche, Colombia","display_name":"Modelling pre-Hispanic settlement patterns in Alto de Toche, Colombia","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400547834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4995/var.2024.20145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","pdf_url":"https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/download/20145/16754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764429415","display_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review","issn_l":"1989-9947","issn":["1989-9947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","fecyt-seal","latindex","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321228","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Valencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Technical University of Valencia"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/download/20145/16754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079489448","display_name":"C\u00e9sar Augusto Velandia Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0187-6488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0187-6488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C\u00e9sar Augusto Velandia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Complutense de Madrid"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0187-6488","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daniel Ram\u00edrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-7777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-7777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31703152","display_name":"Universidad del Tolima","ror":"https://ror.org/011bqgx84","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31703152"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Ram\u00edrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad del Tolima"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-7777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad del Tolima","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31703152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078677331","display_name":"Jhony Carvajal Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-1042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-1042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31703152","display_name":"Universidad del Tolima","ror":"https://ror.org/011bqgx84","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31703152"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jhony Carvajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad del Tolima"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-1042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad del Tolima","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31703152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Bejarano","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31703152","display_name":"Universidad del Tolima","ror":"https://ror.org/011bqgx84","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31703152"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Bejarano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad del Tolima"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad del Tolima","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31703152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8822,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75834372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"31","first_page":"37","last_page":"53"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12364","display_name":"Archaeological Research and Protection","score":0.46630001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12364","display_name":"Archaeological Research and Protection","score":0.46630001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13302","display_name":"Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory","score":0.298799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13831","display_name":"Archaeological and Geological Studies","score":0.06989999860525131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tambo","display_name":"Tambo","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terraces","display_name":"terraces","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-landscape","display_name":"cultural landscape","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-forest","display_name":"cloud forest","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geoarchaeology","display_name":"geoarchaeology","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain-modeling","display_name":"terrain modeling","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-photogrammetry","display_name":"digital photogrammetry","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-altitude-settlement","display_name":"high-altitude settlement","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeological-site-detection","display_name":"archaeological site detection","score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-cordillera","display_name":"Central Cordillera","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-archaeology","display_name":"community archaeology","score":0.4099999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application","display_name":"web application","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.7640371322631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.4702276885509491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.44564640522003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4325539469718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11170276999473572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.10528650879859924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4995/var.2024.20145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","pdf_url":"https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/download/20145/16754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764429415","display_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review","issn_l":"1989-9947","issn":["1989-9947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","fecyt-seal","latindex","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321228","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Valencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Technical University of Valencia"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/206500","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10251/206500","pdf_url":"https://riunet.upv.es/bitstream/10251/206500/1/VelandiaRamirezCarvajal%20-%20Modelling%20pre-Hispanic%20settlement%20patterns%20in%20Alto%20de%20Toche%20Colombia.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400639","display_name":"RiuNet (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:637b9574f9a04b8eac7ac887dee2ee80","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/637b9574f9a04b8eac7ac887dee2ee80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review, Vol 15, Iss 31, Pp 37-53 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4995/var.2024.20145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2024.20145","pdf_url":"https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/var/article/download/20145/16754","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764429415","display_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review","issn_l":"1989-9947","issn":["1989-9947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","fecyt-seal","latindex","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321228","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Valencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Technical University of Valencia"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Archaeology Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"},{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1361759375","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant number 89210-CT- 457-2021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F3277441329","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2155755055","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Mar\u00eda Zambrano Grant number CT19/22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321585","funder_display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F3277441329","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/03fd5ne08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321585","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321992","display_name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/050zdnc69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327943","display_name":"Universidad de Ibagu\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/04pzf5g91"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400547834.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400547834.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127241909","https://openalex.org/W190698147","https://openalex.org/W303048397","https://openalex.org/W360795319","https://openalex.org/W603877551","https://openalex.org/W1481846520","https://openalex.org/W1527691403","https://openalex.org/W1570857240","https://openalex.org/W1954078031","https://openalex.org/W1983737459","https://openalex.org/W1984639637","https://openalex.org/W1992690287","https://openalex.org/W2010365184","https://openalex.org/W2021511534","https://openalex.org/W2054405285","https://openalex.org/W2056462139","https://openalex.org/W2057347785","https://openalex.org/W2064706215","https://openalex.org/W2070892857","https://openalex.org/W2076863595","https://openalex.org/W2089268093","https://openalex.org/W2100413045","https://openalex.org/W2139824629","https://openalex.org/W2146788494","https://openalex.org/W2147030541","https://openalex.org/W2169234646","https://openalex.org/W2216314131","https://openalex.org/W2333298579","https://openalex.org/W2414225049","https://openalex.org/W2510296872","https://openalex.org/W2530691997","https://openalex.org/W2560972331","https://openalex.org/W2587564896","https://openalex.org/W2605378635","https://openalex.org/W2766096686","https://openalex.org/W2799897911","https://openalex.org/W2801529894","https://openalex.org/W2801556124","https://openalex.org/W2802313912","https://openalex.org/W2893156730","https://openalex.org/W2896049339","https://openalex.org/W2904385655","https://openalex.org/W2925066813","https://openalex.org/W2956105014","https://openalex.org/W2965018903","https://openalex.org/W2979259540","https://openalex.org/W2981937797","https://openalex.org/W2995316776","https://openalex.org/W2995868143","https://openalex.org/W3008971340","https://openalex.org/W3015178409","https://openalex.org/W3022566472","https://openalex.org/W3060999759","https://openalex.org/W3112246530","https://openalex.org/W3148104229","https://openalex.org/W3164826600","https://openalex.org/W3170912996","https://openalex.org/W3193379632","https://openalex.org/W4200108370","https://openalex.org/W4206995562","https://openalex.org/W4213184338","https://openalex.org/W4220739181","https://openalex.org/W4232865477","https://openalex.org/W4254940489","https://openalex.org/W4282980106","https://openalex.org/W4313494768","https://openalex.org/W4366336428","https://openalex.org/W6991832590","https://openalex.org/W7001258407","https://openalex.org/W7066199909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7222436457","https://openalex.org/W4392581434","https://openalex.org/W7160282195","https://openalex.org/W4408384566","https://openalex.org/W1993556564","https://openalex.org/W4318192629","https://openalex.org/W4391819835","https://openalex.org/W7048686963","https://openalex.org/W3042664260","https://openalex.org/W2147556480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Highlights:":[0],"The":[1,70,81,99,131,241,337],"research":[2,132],"contributes":[3],"to":[4,119,168,227,234,248,357,368],"a":[5,32,161,207,210,249,312,317,342,350],"better":[6],"understanding":[7,171,251],"of":[8,11,17,37,40,61,83,126,139,146,163,172,179,252,259,275,292,321,324,332,354],"the":[9,14,62,84,88,93,120,123,127,136,140,147,153,173,235,245,256,260,268,276,282,290,296,372],"forms":[10],"settlement":[12,63,208],"in":[13,53,75,102,176,185,311,377],"ancient":[15],"landscape":[16,138,319],"Alto":[18,43,89,148],"de":[19,44,90,149],"Toche,":[20,150],"influenced":[21],"by":[22,113,152],"Cerro":[23],"Machin":[24],"Volcano":[25],"disaster":[26],"risk.":[27],"A":[28,59],"terrain":[29,313,339,373],"modelling":[30],"reconstructed":[31],"geoarchaeological":[33,318],"mountain":[34],"landscape,":[35],"composed":[36,320],"massive":[38,322],"systems":[39,323],"terraces":[41,86],"at":[42,230],"Toche":[45,91,100],"Wax":[46,94],"Palm":[47,95],"cloud":[48],"forest.":[49],"From":[50],"digital":[51,199],"photogrammetry":[52,304],"fieldwork,":[54],"three":[55,177],"sites":[56,192,229,328],"were":[57,300,329],"detailed.":[58],"DEM":[60],"pattern":[64],"projected":[65,206,301],"37":[66],"possible":[67,216],"new":[68,327],"terraces.":[69],"resulting":[71,338],"map":[72],"is":[73,97],"accessible":[74],"an":[76,105,378],"ArcGIS-online":[77,380],"web":[78,381],"application.":[79],"Abstract:":[80],"enhancement":[82],"archaeological":[85],"on":[87,122,134],"and":[92,142,189,201,222,255,264,286,349,363,388],"forest":[96],"unprecedented.":[98],"region":[101],"Colombia":[103],"contains":[104],"outstanding":[106],"anthropised":[107],"ecosystems":[108],"presence":[109],"(8000":[110],"BP),":[111],"characterised":[112],"complex":[114],"inherited":[115],"cultural":[116,137],"patterns,":[117],"according":[118],"evidences":[121],"eastern":[124],"margin":[125],"Andes":[128],"Central":[129],"Cordillera.":[130],"focused":[133],"i)":[135],"Premontane":[141],"Montane":[143],"Cloud":[144],"Forests":[145],"built":[151],"Toches;":[154],"ii)":[155],"its":[156,215,253],"high-altitude":[157],"settlements,":[158],"interpreted":[159],"as":[160,219],"strategy":[162],"ecological":[164],"knowledge,":[165],"deeply":[166],"linked":[167,280],"their":[169],"symbolic":[170],"landscape.":[174],"Fieldwork":[175],"sets":[178],"tambos":[180,212],"(terraces":[181],"for":[182,239,346,383],"habitational":[183],"settlements)":[184],"La":[186],"Carbonera,":[187],"Gallego,":[188],"Las":[190],"Cruces":[191],"was":[193,375],"analysed":[194],"using":[195],"remote":[196],"sensing,":[197],"drone":[198],"photogrammetry,":[200],"on-site":[202,358],"data.":[203],"Their":[204],"interpretation":[205],"pattern;":[209],"typological-topological":[211],"classification":[213],"inferred":[214],"functions":[217],"such":[218],"sighting,":[220],"funerary,":[221],"dwelling,":[223],"from":[224],"2600":[225],"MASL":[226],"biggest":[228],"3000":[231],"MASL,":[232],"related":[233],"sun-moon":[236],"proximity":[237],"presumed":[238],"gatherings.":[240],"authors":[242],"conclude":[243],"that":[244,294,315],"patterns":[246],"respond":[247],"territorial":[250],"resources":[254],"vertical":[257],"exploitation":[258],"agricultural":[261],"thermal":[262],"floors":[263],"micro-watersheds,":[265],"associated":[266],"with":[267,281,305,385],"east-west":[269],"solar":[270],"illumination":[271],"over":[272],"both":[273],"sides":[274],"Tochecito":[277],"River":[278],"basin;":[279],"transit":[283,359],"between":[284],"ridges":[285],"steep":[287],"slopes,":[288],"through":[289],"network":[291],"pathways":[293],"originated":[295],"Quind\u00edo":[297],"Trail.":[298],"Data":[299],"crossing":[302],"field-data":[303],"GIS":[306],"spatial":[307],"analysis;":[308],"this":[309],"resulted":[310],"model":[314,340,374],"reconstructs":[316],"tambos.":[325],"Thirty-seven":[326],"classified,":[330],"twenty":[331],"them":[333],"above":[334],"2800":[335],"MASL.":[336],"facilitates":[341],"non-invasive":[343],"previous":[344],"prospection":[345],"fieldwork":[347],"planning":[348],"more":[351],"feasible":[352],"knowledge":[353],"accessibility,":[355],"due":[356,367],"difficulties":[360],"(steep":[361],"slopes":[362],"very":[364],"unstable":[365],"soil":[366],"cattle":[369],"ranching).":[370],"Finally,":[371],"uploaded":[376],"easy-to-access":[379],"application":[382],"sharing":[384],"community":[386],"stakeholders":[387],"visiting":[389],"scientists.":[390]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-07-12T00:00:00"}