{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400533630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","title":"Extraction and Depolymerization of Lignin from Different Agricultural and Forestry Wastes to Obtain Building Blocks in a Circular Economy Framework","display_name":"Extraction and Depolymerization of Lignin from Different Agricultural and Forestry Wastes to Obtain Building Blocks in a Circular Economy Framework","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400533630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39065298","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11280865"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym16141981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022902920","display_name":"M.A. Fontecha-C\u00e1mara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-0316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-0316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279430","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Andaltec I+D+i","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5srk95","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda \u00c1ngeles Fontecha-C\u00e1mara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-0316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021919104","display_name":"Irene Delgado-Blanca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-2243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-2243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279430","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Andaltec I+D+i","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5srk95","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene Delgado-Blanca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-2243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104383416","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Ma\u00f1as-Villar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279430","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Andaltec I+D+i","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5srk95","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Ma\u00f1as-Villar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104383417","display_name":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Orriach-Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279430","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Andaltec I+D+i","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5srk95","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Orriach-Fern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031538931","display_name":"Bel\u00e9n Soriano Cuadrado","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279430","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Andaltec I+D+i","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5srk95","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bel\u00e9n Soriano-Cuadrado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Andaltec, Plastic Technological Center, 23600 Martos, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031538931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279430"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"fwci":1.4023,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76222826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"14","first_page":"1981","last_page":"1981"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11009","display_name":"Catalysis for Biomass Conversion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-extraction","display_name":"lignin extraction","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin-depolymerization","display_name":"lignin depolymerization","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-waste-valorization","display_name":"agricultural waste valorization","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-residues","display_name":"forest residues","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice-husk","display_name":"rice husk","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broccoli-stems","display_name":"broccoli stems","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat-straw","display_name":"wheat straw","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olive-stones","display_name":"olive stones","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound-assisted-extraction","display_name":"ultrasound-assisted extraction","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene-nanoplatelets","display_name":"graphene nanoplatelets","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-based-catalysts","display_name":"carbon-based catalysts","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-blocks","display_name":"building blocks","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guaiacol","display_name":"guaiacol","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vanillin","display_name":"vanillin","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferulic-acid","display_name":"ferulic acid","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apocynin","display_name":"apocynin","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circular-economy","display_name":"circular economy","score":0.9819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49852136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906487","display_name":"Depolymerization","level":2,"score":0.9413749575614929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184817","display_name":"Lignin","level":2,"score":0.8397246599197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75296557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14524280","display_name":"Husk","level":2,"score":0.5810785889625549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777340834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33495","display_name":"Vanillin","level":2,"score":0.5788764953613281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.5663174390792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4984281063079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4739917516708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.4654121696949005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.4458160400390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779587293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7622360","display_name":"Straw","level":2,"score":0.4444635212421417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.3366885781288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2647815942764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.1494639813899994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym16141981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11280865","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11280865","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11280865/pdf/polymers-16-01981.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:39065298","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39065298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym16141981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16141981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1363262829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CER-20211013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321043","funder_display_name":"Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico Industrial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1507235353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CER-20211013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321043","display_name":"Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico Industrial","ror":"https://ror.org/0124x7055"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","display_name":"H2020 European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400533630.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400533630.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522886117","https://openalex.org/W1993071445","https://openalex.org/W2002702311","https://openalex.org/W2005641620","https://openalex.org/W2008885626","https://openalex.org/W2009544148","https://openalex.org/W2034653069","https://openalex.org/W2039917185","https://openalex.org/W2230695266","https://openalex.org/W2320211214","https://openalex.org/W2594567195","https://openalex.org/W2598742745","https://openalex.org/W2774112855","https://openalex.org/W2790376113","https://openalex.org/W2793160603","https://openalex.org/W2794118205","https://openalex.org/W2803190116","https://openalex.org/W2888446612","https://openalex.org/W2891192887","https://openalex.org/W2893664929","https://openalex.org/W2914560123","https://openalex.org/W2942920123","https://openalex.org/W2946021214","https://openalex.org/W2961476903","https://openalex.org/W2964327158","https://openalex.org/W3007014832","https://openalex.org/W3033334981","https://openalex.org/W3043322925","https://openalex.org/W3081019108","https://openalex.org/W3081458729","https://openalex.org/W3086091611","https://openalex.org/W3087592166","https://openalex.org/W3087903198","https://openalex.org/W3096896938","https://openalex.org/W3112831094","https://openalex.org/W3120921112","https://openalex.org/W3121957082","https://openalex.org/W3177419088","https://openalex.org/W3212490613","https://openalex.org/W4200575641","https://openalex.org/W4205614767","https://openalex.org/W4283754580","https://openalex.org/W4366974875","https://openalex.org/W4382074017","https://openalex.org/W4389253676","https://openalex.org/W4390730947","https://openalex.org/W4394891761","https://openalex.org/W4417522851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415991379","https://openalex.org/W2243269938","https://openalex.org/W4318244000","https://openalex.org/W4412529254","https://openalex.org/W3177419088","https://openalex.org/W7172088260","https://openalex.org/W3210848810","https://openalex.org/W7048565527","https://openalex.org/W3094606346","https://openalex.org/W2783757378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"amounts":[1],"of":[2,20,24,31,51,62,68,184],"agri-food":[3],"waste":[4],"are":[5,26,88,94],"generated":[6],"and":[7,70,85,130,150,164,188],"discarded":[8],"annually,":[9],"but":[10],"they":[11],"have":[12],"the":[13,32,49,59,66,168],"potential":[14,60],"to":[15,57],"become":[16],"highly":[17],"profitable":[18],"sources":[19],"value-added":[21],"compounds.":[22],"Many":[23],"these":[25],"lignin-rich":[27],"residues.":[28],"Lignin,":[29],"one":[30],"most":[33],"abundant":[34],"biopolymers":[35],"in":[36],"nature,":[37],"offers":[38],"numerous":[39],"possibilities":[40],"as":[41,117,174],"a":[42,154,156,180],"raw":[43],"material":[44],"or":[45,198],"renewable":[46],"resource":[47],"for":[48,167],"production":[50],"chemical":[52],"products.":[53],"This":[54],"study":[55],"aims":[56],"explore":[58],"revalorization":[61],"agricultural":[63],"by-products":[64],"through":[65],"extraction":[67,111],"lignin":[69,135,187],"subsequent":[71],"depolymerization.":[72],"Different":[73],"residues":[74,115],"were":[75,116],"studied;":[76],"river":[77,119,185],"cane,":[78],"rice":[79,122],"husks,":[80],"broccoli":[81,125],"stems,":[82],"wheat":[83,127],"straw,":[84],"olive":[86,131],"stone":[87],"investigated":[89],"(all":[90],"local":[91],"wastes":[92],"that":[93],"typically":[95],"incinerated).":[96],"Traditional":[97],"soda":[98],"extraction,":[99],"enhanced":[100],"by":[101,141],"ultrasound,":[102],"is":[103,136,139],"applied,":[104],"comparing":[105],"two":[106],"different":[107,114,143],"sonication":[108],"methods.":[109],"The":[110],"yields":[112],"from":[113],"follows:":[118],"cane":[120,186],"(28.21%),":[121],"husks":[123],"(24.27%),":[124],"(6.48%),":[126],"straw":[128],"(17.66%),":[129],"stones":[132],"(24.29%).":[133],"Once":[134],"extracted,":[137],"depolymerization":[138,159,182],"performed":[140],"three":[142],"methods:":[144],"high-pressure":[145],"reactor,":[146],"ultrasound-assisted":[147],"solvent":[148],"depolymerization,":[149],"microwave":[151,158],"solvolysis.":[152],"As":[153],"result,":[155],"new":[157,175],"method":[160],"has":[161],"been":[162],"developed":[163],"patented,":[165],"using":[166],"first":[169],"time":[170],"graphene":[171],"nanoplatelets":[172],"(GNPs)":[173],"promising":[176],"carbonaceous":[177],"catalyst,":[178],"achieving":[179],"90.89%":[181],"rate":[183],"yielding":[189],"several":[190],"building":[191],"blocks,":[192],"including":[193],"guaiacol,":[194],"vanillin,":[195],"ferulic":[196],"acid,":[197],"acetovanillone.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2024-07-12T00:00:00"}
