{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400526738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","title":"Multiliteracy as human capital in first-generation adult immigrants in Germany","display_name":"Multiliteracy as human capital in first-generation adult immigrants in Germany","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400526738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199390258","display_name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","issn_l":"1367-0050","issn":["1367-0050","1747-7522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062321596","display_name":"Irina Usanova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Irina Usanova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General, Intercultural and International Comparative Education, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General, Intercultural and International Comparative Education, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043293949","display_name":"Birger Schnoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-1510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-1510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Birger Schnoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General, Intercultural and International Comparative Education, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-1510","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General, Intercultural and International Comparative Education, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084073323","display_name":"Irit Bar\u2010Kochva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-3225","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-3225"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180923762","display_name":"University of Cologne","ror":"https://ror.org/00rcxh774","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180923762"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135516","display_name":"German Institute for Adult Education \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning","ror":"https://ror.org/04565hy55","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210135516"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irit Bar-Kochva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education and Social Sciences, The University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany","German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning, Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-3225","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education and Social Sciences, The University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180923762"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024990622","display_name":"Hannes Schr\u00f6ter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4302-6673","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4302-6673"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135516","display_name":"German Institute for Adult Education \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning","ror":"https://ror.org/04565hy55","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210135516"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannes Schr\u00f6ter","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning, Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Institute for Adult Education (DIE) \u2013 Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062321596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8116,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89996273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"10","first_page":"1422","last_page":"1436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.6518999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.6518999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.11890000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12711","display_name":"Immigration and Intercultural Education","score":0.04100000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiliteracies","display_name":"multiliteracies","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-generation-immigrants","display_name":"first-generation immigrants","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-immigrants","display_name":"adult immigrants","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-status","display_name":"employment status","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritage-language-literacy","display_name":"heritage language literacy","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-language-literacy","display_name":"foreign language literacy","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germany","display_name":"Germany","score":0.4819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.8195986747741699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.7750042676925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.7649788856506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.6891385316848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5984157919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985709905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1319035","display_name":"Adult literacy","level":3,"score":0.5620147585868835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.5449418425559998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776425127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4329264","display_name":"Heritage language","level":2,"score":0.535391628742218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49876356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002651","display_name":"Neuroscience of multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.4268856644630432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.39129215478897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3808693587779999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.36173680424690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.25201767683029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.19018173217773438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16476896405220032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.15512582659721375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09810757637023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07664787769317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199390258","display_name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","issn_l":"1367-0050","issn":["1367-0050","1747-7522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gesis.izsoz.de:document/108475","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/108475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401996","display_name":"Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS \u2013 Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210101898","host_organization_name":"GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"422-1436","raw_type":"Zeitschriftenartikel"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2024.2375445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199390258","display_name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","issn_l":"1367-0050","issn":["1367-0050","1747-7522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189206601","https://openalex.org/W191626756","https://openalex.org/W1497939657","https://openalex.org/W1598951401","https://openalex.org/W1978921465","https://openalex.org/W1985335386","https://openalex.org/W1985955873","https://openalex.org/W1990782909","https://openalex.org/W1998548828","https://openalex.org/W2041830391","https://openalex.org/W2052868404","https://openalex.org/W2053219914","https://openalex.org/W2065262588","https://openalex.org/W2106260688","https://openalex.org/W2110174637","https://openalex.org/W2118502261","https://openalex.org/W2145918021","https://openalex.org/W2156267802","https://openalex.org/W2159147610","https://openalex.org/W2179820310","https://openalex.org/W2179942969","https://openalex.org/W2221519336","https://openalex.org/W2304127486","https://openalex.org/W2519161543","https://openalex.org/W2554987453","https://openalex.org/W2796050217","https://openalex.org/W2801372778","https://openalex.org/W2896421407","https://openalex.org/W2954495056","https://openalex.org/W3048730787","https://openalex.org/W3089954899","https://openalex.org/W3116953318","https://openalex.org/W3133521160","https://openalex.org/W3136946492","https://openalex.org/W3158767181","https://openalex.org/W3162283195","https://openalex.org/W3204299000","https://openalex.org/W4220706700","https://openalex.org/W4236917265","https://openalex.org/W4250445487","https://openalex.org/W4282833537","https://openalex.org/W4285290887","https://openalex.org/W4300870773","https://openalex.org/W4366716584","https://openalex.org/W4380321043","https://openalex.org/W4389832998","https://openalex.org/W6676028428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387568789","https://openalex.org/W2888594125","https://openalex.org/W7001005573","https://openalex.org/W2972989200","https://openalex.org/W611485514","https://openalex.org/W3133521160","https://openalex.org/W7171905423","https://openalex.org/W7217862538","https://openalex.org/W2599098148","https://openalex.org/W7214259531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,80],"the":[1,6,12,27,43,48,64,121,143,166,173],"present":[2],"study,":[3],"we":[4,73,84],"combined":[5],"Focus":[7],"on":[8,42,194],"Multilingualism":[9],"approach":[10],"with":[11,89,104,109],"human":[13,154],"capital":[14,155],"theory":[15],"to":[16],"investigate":[17],"multilingual":[18,70,76,97,192],"profiles":[19,77,98,118],"among":[20],"first-generation":[21,55,100,150],"adult":[22,176],"immigrants":[23,56,151],"in":[24,47,63,113,127,149,156,188,191],"Germany":[25,41],"and":[26,32,51,91,106,131],"relationship":[28],"between":[29],"immigrants\u2019":[30,177],"multiliteracy":[31,90,148,171],"their":[33],"employment":[34,92,195],"status.":[35,93],"We":[36,94],"used":[37],"data":[38],"representative":[39],"for":[40,160],"self-reported":[44],"literacy":[45,71,111,125,187],"skills":[46,112,126],"majority,":[49],"heritage,":[50],"foreign":[52],"languages":[53,130],"of":[54,99,123,175,186],"(n":[57],"=":[58],"451,":[59],"age":[60],"18\u201364)":[61],"gathered":[62],"LEO":[65],"2018":[66],"study.":[67],"To":[68],"analyze":[69],"skills,":[72],"estimated":[74],"adults\u2019":[75,124],"using":[78],"LCA.":[79],"a":[81,102,107,133],"second":[82],"step,":[83],"conducted":[85],"logistic":[86,144],"regression":[87],"models":[88],"found":[95],"two":[96],"immigrants:":[101],"profile":[103,108],"higher":[105,170],"lower":[110],"all":[114,128],"investigated":[115,129],"languages.":[116],"The":[117,139],"differed":[119],"by":[120],"level":[122],"showed":[132,168],"unique":[134],"non-overlapping":[135],"language":[136,190],"ordering":[137],"pattern.":[138],"results":[140],"gained":[141],"from":[142],"regressions":[145],"revealed":[146],"that":[147,169],"may":[152],"represent":[153],"Germany.":[157],"After":[158],"controlling":[159],"additional":[161],"variables":[162],"(age,":[163],"gender,":[164],"education),":[165],"analysis":[167],"increases":[172],"probability":[174],"employment.":[178],"Furthermore,":[179],"our":[180],"findings":[181],"indicated":[182],"independent":[183],"positive":[184],"effects":[185],"each":[189],"repertoires":[193],"probability.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2024-07-12T00:00:00"}