{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399863331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","title":"Target reliability-based design optimization studies on cohesive soil amended with chitosan and casein for liner applications","display_name":"Target reliability-based design optimization studies on cohesive soil amended with chitosan and casein for liner applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399863331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38902273","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11190237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062604593","display_name":"Romana Mariyam Rasheed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6504-3517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6504-3517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253803","display_name":"TKM College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/013vqm712","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253803"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romana Mariyam Rasheed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, 691005, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6504-3517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, 691005, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006284522","display_name":"Arif Ali Baig Moghal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-7102","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-7102"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121750182","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Warangal","ror":"https://ror.org/017ebfz38","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arif Ali Baig Moghal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India. baig@nitw.ac.in","Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-7102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India. baig@nitw.ac.in","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050212806","display_name":"B. Munwar Basha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-3650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-3650"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Munwar Basha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502284, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-3650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502284, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062832919","display_name":"Abdullah Almajed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7230-9400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7230-9400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Almajed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006284522"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"fwci":1.6263,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79646191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"14202","last_page":"14202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13596","display_name":"Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chitosan","display_name":"chitosan","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casein","display_name":"casein","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopolymer-soil-stabilization","display_name":"biopolymer soil stabilization","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-clay","display_name":"organic clay","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohesive-soils","display_name":"cohesive soils","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liner-materials","display_name":"liner materials","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-index","display_name":"reliability index","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydraulic-conductivity","display_name":"hydraulic conductivity","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consolidation","display_name":"consolidation","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geosynthetic-liners","display_name":"geosynthetic liners","score":0.5009999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162156334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473420","display_name":"Dose","level":2,"score":0.72125244140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776142715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193970","display_name":"Casein","level":2,"score":0.7030373811721802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779732960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510","display_name":"Chitosan","level":2,"score":0.6441345810890198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.6069963574409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050847","display_name":"Consolidation (business)","level":2,"score":0.5910756587982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778636629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422649","display_name":"Biopolymer","level":3,"score":0.4845410883426666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.47670218348503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.3258083164691925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.24900060892105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.20775964856147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.19303131103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14238718152046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.13957783579826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.10181164741516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.09865260124206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.07861310243606567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11190237","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11190237","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11190237/pdf/41598_2024_Article_64408.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38902273","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38902273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:974a711a75f04c72b576341945b21579","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/974a711a75f04c72b576341945b21579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64408-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5925999879837036,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6804801564","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RSP2024R279","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","funder_display_name":"King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399863331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399863331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963593581","https://openalex.org/W1979833888","https://openalex.org/W2027215467","https://openalex.org/W2038306282","https://openalex.org/W2038391898","https://openalex.org/W2054462102","https://openalex.org/W2074154540","https://openalex.org/W2076459188","https://openalex.org/W2098358955","https://openalex.org/W2153164969","https://openalex.org/W2315773458","https://openalex.org/W2511096008","https://openalex.org/W2563761673","https://openalex.org/W2586702913","https://openalex.org/W2588468926","https://openalex.org/W2621312567","https://openalex.org/W2770120542","https://openalex.org/W2793637251","https://openalex.org/W2800359498","https://openalex.org/W2810516082","https://openalex.org/W2911738007","https://openalex.org/W2931838990","https://openalex.org/W2944321073","https://openalex.org/W2984735881","https://openalex.org/W2989823604","https://openalex.org/W3182587226","https://openalex.org/W3198781812","https://openalex.org/W3216597908","https://openalex.org/W4213455725","https://openalex.org/W4251574041","https://openalex.org/W4281558862","https://openalex.org/W4281658233","https://openalex.org/W4281728156","https://openalex.org/W4283464602","https://openalex.org/W4306320326","https://openalex.org/W4323044341","https://openalex.org/W4360619332","https://openalex.org/W4365147018","https://openalex.org/W4380996609","https://openalex.org/W4386380147","https://openalex.org/W4386607858","https://openalex.org/W4387383159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404730906","https://openalex.org/W4409034142","https://openalex.org/W4394879042","https://openalex.org/W4402023439","https://openalex.org/W4213455725","https://openalex.org/W4281558862","https://openalex.org/W4392506297","https://openalex.org/W4386380147","https://openalex.org/W4380085754","https://openalex.org/W2992047454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,30,56,81,95,116],"current":[2],"study":[3],"investigated":[4],"the":[5,67,77,85,130,172,190],"primary":[6,31],"and":[7,19,28,40,45,62,74,92,124,153,160],"secondary":[8,57],"compressibility":[9],"characteristics":[10],"of":[11,24,47,53,60,79,102,110,132,144,165,185,193],"organic":[12,72],"clay":[13],"with":[14],"two":[15],"biopolymers,":[16],"Chitosan":[17,136],"(Dch)":[18,91],"Casein":[20],"(Dca)":[21],"at":[22,42,49,88,157,163],"dosages":[23,90,101,109,159],"0.5%,":[25],"1%,":[26],"2%,":[27],"4%.":[29],"compression":[32,58],"index":[33,143,177],"(Cc)":[34],"values":[35,150,178],"were":[36],"reduced":[37],"by":[38],"18%":[39],"59%":[41],"dosage":[43],"(Dch":[44],"Dca)":[46],"4%":[48],"a":[50,126,133,140,197],"consolidation":[51,86,161],"pressure":[52],"800":[54],"kPa.":[55],"indices":[59],"chitosan":[61,103],"casein-treated":[63,173],"soils":[64,73,123,174],"fell":[65],"below":[66],"normal":[68],"range":[69,78],"specified":[70],"for":[71,99,107,121],"lay":[75],"in":[76],"0.01\u20130.017.":[80],"biopolymers":[82],"also":[83],"accelerated":[84],"process":[87],"all":[89,100,108,158,170],"2%":[93],"Dca.":[94],"hydraulic":[96],"conductivity":[97],"increased":[98],"whereas":[104,146],"it":[105],"declined":[106],"casein":[111,194],"compared":[112],"to":[113,138,152,183],"untreated":[114],"soil.":[115],"reliability":[117,142,176],"analysis":[118],"was":[119],"conducted":[120],"biopolymer-treated":[122],"presented":[125],"rational":[127],"approach":[128],"toward":[129],"selection":[131],"suitable":[134],"liner.":[135],"failed":[137],"achieve":[139],"target":[141],"3":[145,156,181],"casein-amended":[147],"samples":[148],"attained":[149],"equal":[151],"greater":[154,179],"than":[155,180],"pressures":[162],"COV":[164,184],"Kmax":[166,186],"=":[167,187],"20%.":[168],"At":[169],"dosages,":[171],"exhibited":[175],"up":[182],"40%":[188],"indicating":[189],"higher":[191],"stability":[192],"mixes":[195],"as":[196],"liner":[198],"material.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2024-06-21T00:00:00"}
