{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399852425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","title":"\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 - \u0645\u0643\u0629.","display_name":"\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 - \u0645\u0643\u0629.","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399852425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404675756","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.","issn_l":"0254-4288","issn":["0254-4288","2791-1586"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","host_organization_name":"Kuwait University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099292745","display_name":"\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5099292745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59567631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"15","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13372","display_name":"Archaeology and Historical Studies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13372","display_name":"Archaeology and Historical Studies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12890","display_name":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10794","display_name":"Islamic Studies and History","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hira","display_name":"HIRA","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kufa","display_name":"Kufa","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-routes","display_name":"trade routes","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-iraq","display_name":"ancient Iraq","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-islamic-arabia","display_name":"pre-Islamic Arabia","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesopotamia","display_name":"Mesopotamia","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abbasid-period","display_name":"Abbasid period","score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-and-commerce","display_name":"trade and commerce","score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-exchange","display_name":"cultural exchange","score":0.3269999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33002424240112305}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404675756","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.","issn_l":"0254-4288","issn":["0254-4288","2791-1586"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","host_organization_name":"Kuwait University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.34120/jgaps.v4i15.479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404675756","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.","issn_l":"0254-4288","issn":["0254-4288","2791-1586"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","host_organization_name":"Kuwait University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0642\u0627\u0645":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641":[1],"\u0641\u064a":[2,74,90,98,167,210,222,227,231,291],"\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629":[3],"\u0645\u0646\u0647":[4],"\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639":[5],"\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a":[6],"\u0639\u0646":[7],"\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642":[8,34,173,178,249,297,316],"\u0645\u0643\u0629":[9,38,53,113,174,252,300,307],"\u2013":[10,54,175,187,251,253,260,263,299],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c":[11],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639":[12],"\u0627\u0644\u064a":[13,32,105,275,318],"\u0643\u062a\u0628":[14],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f":[15,102],"\u0645\u0646":[16,68,103,116,122,125,141,279],"\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631":[17],"\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621":[18],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627":[19],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628":[20],"\u0648":[21,37,157,177,201,220,287,289,306],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646":[22],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645":[23],"\u060c":[24,205,239,293],"\u0627\u0644\u0627":[25,72],"\u0623\u0646\u0647":[26,73],"\u0644\u0645":[27],"\u064a\u0644\u062d\u0638":[28],"\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[29],"\u0623\u064a":[30],"\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629":[31],"\u062b\u0645\u0629":[33],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[35,155,163,199,303],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642":[36,71,292],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[39],"\u0639\u0635\u0631":[40],"\u0645\u0627":[41,154,198],"\u0642\u0628\u0644":[42],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645":[43,45,238],"\u0648\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631":[44],".":[46,60,85,108,147,193,214,235,255,282],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[47],"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642":[48],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[49],"\u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d":[50],"\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627":[51],"\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u0629":[55,64,79,261,284,298],"\u0639\u0642\u0628":[56],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d":[57],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0649":[58],"\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627":[59],"\u0648\u0644\u0642\u0630":[61],"\u0630\u0643\u0631":[62],"\u0627\u0646":[63],"\u0642\u062f":[65,80],"\u0634\u064a\u062f\u062a":[66,81],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628":[67,124],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629":[69,84,89,149,176,188,190,207,218,246,250,259],"\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628":[70],"\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646":[75],"\u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a":[76],"\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644":[77],"\u0623\u0646":[78],"\u0639\u062f":[82],"\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631":[83,95],"\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f":[86],"\u062a\u0645":[87],"\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621":[88],"\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644":[91],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b":[93],"\u0639\u0646\u062f":[94],"\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645":[96],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0649":[97],"\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646":[99],"\u0645\u0645\u0627":[100],"\u0623\u0636\u0637\u0631":[101],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644":[104],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u062d":[106],"\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627":[107],"\u0648\u0642\u062f":[109],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631":[110],"\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645":[111],"\u062d\u0648\u0644":[112],"\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630":[114],"\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646":[115],"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627":[117],"\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0627":[118],"\u0644\u0647\u0645":[119],"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627":[120],"\u0631\u062d\u0644":[121],"\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a":[123],"\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646":[126],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629":[127],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[128,314],"\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d":[129],"\u0630\u0644\u0643":[130,151,257],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646":[131],"\u0647\u0648":[132],"\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629":[133],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[134],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0629":[135],"\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a":[136],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629":[137],"\u0647\u064a":[138,245],"\u0644\u0641\u0638":[139],"\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629":[140],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629":[142],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629":[143],"\u062d\u064a\u062a":[144],"\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a":[145],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631":[146],"\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a":[148],"\u0628\u0639\u062f":[150,274],"\u062c\u0633\u0631\u0627":[152],"\u064a\u0635\u0644":[153],"\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633":[156],"\u0634\u0628\u0629":[158],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629":[159,169,203,233],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629":[160,170,204,234],"\u0648\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629":[161],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644":[162],"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629":[164],"\u0637\u0631\u0642":[165],"\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629":[166],"\u0634\u0628\u0647":[168,202,232],"\u0648\u0647\u0645":[171],":":[172],"\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646":[179],"(":[180],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f":[181],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629":[182],"\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629":[183],"\u0639\u0644\u064a":[184],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631":[185],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631)":[186],"\u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642":[189],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629":[191],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627":[192],"\u0648\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628":[194],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[195],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629":[196,224],"\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642":[197],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633":[200],"\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a":[206],"\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627":[208],"\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627":[209],"\u0646\u0634\u0631":[211],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629":[212],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629":[213],"\u0641\u0642\u062f":[215],"\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f":[216],"\u0639\u0631\u0628":[217],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629":[219],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629":[221],"\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645":[223],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[225],"\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627":[226],"\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645":[228],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629":[229],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629":[230],"\u0648\u0645\u0639":[236],"\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644":[237],"\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a":[240],"\u0623\u0648\u0644":[241],"\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629":[242],"\u064a\u062a\u0645":[243],"\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0647\u0627":[244],"\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643":[247],"\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646":[248],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629":[254],"\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f":[256],"\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a":[258],"\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627":[262],"\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629":[264],"\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627":[265],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[266],"\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a":[267],"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632":[268],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a":[269],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629":[270],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649":[271],"\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a":[272],"\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627":[273],"\u0641\u062a\u062d":[276],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621":[277],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a":[278],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[280],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629":[281],"\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a":[283],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632":[285],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0649":[286],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0649":[288],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a":[290],"\u0648\u0645\u0646":[294],"\u062b\u0645":[295],"\u062d\u0638\u064a":[296],"\u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[301],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629":[302],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627":[304],"\u0642":[305],"\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621":[308],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645":[309,312],"\u0627\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a":[310],"\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646":[311],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a":[313],"\u0627\u0646\u0629":[315],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c":[317],"\u0628\u064a\u062a":[319],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647":[320],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2024-06-21T00:00:00"}
