{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399737232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","title":"Differential Gene Expression in the Upper Respiratory Tract following Acute COVID-19 Infection in Ambulatory Patients That Develop Long COVID","display_name":"Differential Gene Expression in the Upper Respiratory Tract following Acute COVID-19 Infection in Ambulatory Patients That Develop Long COVID","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399737232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38921807","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11206334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/pathogens13060510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210239906","display_name":"Pathogens","issn_l":"2076-0817","issn":["2076-0817"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pathogens","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033835093","display_name":"Mia J. Biondi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1409-9908","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1409-9908"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mia J. Biondi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nursing, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada","Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mary Addo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Addo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068689865","display_name":"Muhammad Atif Zahoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2302-3689","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2302-3689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Atif Zahoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2302-3689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052758819","display_name":"Elsa Salvant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-4748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-4748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elsa Salvant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101693675","display_name":"Paul S. F. Yip","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7635-7407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7635-7407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Yip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7635-7407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112604774","display_name":"Bethany Barber","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bethany Barber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075402002","display_name":"David S. Smookler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Smookler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084964583","display_name":"Sumaiyah Wasif","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumaiyah Wasif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092457797","display_name":"Kayla Gaete","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kayla Gaete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043846268","display_name":"Christopher E. Kandel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-309X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-309X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802213372","display_name":"Toronto East General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03sm16s30","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802213372"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Kandel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, ON M4C 3E7, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, ON M4C 3E7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802213372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049864482","display_name":"Jordan J. Feld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-2211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-2211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordan J. Feld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081082257","display_name":"Hubert Tsui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-9099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-9099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hubert Tsui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-9099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028398799","display_name":"Robert Andrew Kozak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-9972","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-9972"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768120","display_name":"Sunnybrook Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05n0tzs53","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Kozak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028398799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I4391768120"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3069},"fwci":0.7308,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65594626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"510","last_page":"510"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-covid","display_name":"long COVID","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-acute-sequelae-of-covid-19","display_name":"post-COVID-19 sequelae","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-gene-expression","display_name":"differential gene expression","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-respiratory-tract","display_name":"upper respiratory tract","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasopharynx","display_name":"nasopharynx","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-load","display_name":"viral load","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-clearance","display_name":"viral clearance","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-7","display_name":"IL-7","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotransmission","display_name":"neurotransmission","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-immune-response","display_name":"early immune response","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.8999999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.6059885025024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5714148879051208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4880732297897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776012195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754447","display_name":"Respiratory tract infections","level":3,"score":0.4576709270477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.45388489961624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778136109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12125","display_name":"Common cold","level":2,"score":0.4293506443500519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779644171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13400765","display_name":"Respiratory tract","level":3,"score":0.4211198091506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3423241376876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.33735257387161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.2438565492630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.23986348509788513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.22715944051742554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20713701844215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.07976639270782471}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000094024","descriptor_name":"Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009305","descriptor_name":"Nasopharynx","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019562","descriptor_name":"Viral Load","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/pathogens13060510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210239906","display_name":"Pathogens","issn_l":"2076-0817","issn":["2076-0817"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pathogens","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11206334","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11206334","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11206334/pdf/pathogens-13-00510.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pathogens","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38921807","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38921807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/138975","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/138975","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/71742b6b-7fb6-4c87-85a6-be3ffebe9b4e/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400261","display_name":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:09770aecf3444d19b3b9cf22fe999feb","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/09770aecf3444d19b3b9cf22fe999feb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pathogens, Vol 13, Iss 6, p 510 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/pathogens13060510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210239906","display_name":"Pathogens","issn_l":"2076-0817","issn":["2076-0817"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pathogens","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2461895172","display_name":"Development of vaccine candidates and monoclonal antibodies to interrupt the spread of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19.","funder_award_id":"170347_1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","funder_display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319962","display_name":"Canadian Lung Association","ror":"https://ror.org/037263y09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399737232.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399737232.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070050178","https://openalex.org/W2096173332","https://openalex.org/W2096525273","https://openalex.org/W2345356016","https://openalex.org/W2408483783","https://openalex.org/W2883824628","https://openalex.org/W3081284165","https://openalex.org/W3127381644","https://openalex.org/W3133845106","https://openalex.org/W3145969289","https://openalex.org/W3171400183","https://openalex.org/W3201253246","https://openalex.org/W4200091524","https://openalex.org/W4205440119","https://openalex.org/W4206896921","https://openalex.org/W4281683331","https://openalex.org/W4283025473","https://openalex.org/W4288698636","https://openalex.org/W4289274885","https://openalex.org/W4308767470","https://openalex.org/W4319457090","https://openalex.org/W4365453644","https://openalex.org/W4378212766","https://openalex.org/W4383907895","https://openalex.org/W4386033475","https://openalex.org/W4387675488","https://openalex.org/W4388037544","https://openalex.org/W4390665905","https://openalex.org/W4390967721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406346852","https://openalex.org/W4411990612","https://openalex.org/W4410271901","https://openalex.org/W4404979731","https://openalex.org/W7138384261","https://openalex.org/W4387012832","https://openalex.org/W7161273696","https://openalex.org/W4400354400","https://openalex.org/W7123854928","https://openalex.org/W4205760778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Post-acute":[1],"sequelae":[2],"of":[3,68,84,234],"COVID-19,":[4],"or":[5],"long":[6,17,105,140,161,183,212,238],"COVID,":[7],"is":[8,19,80,216],"a":[9,81,165],"condition":[10],"characterized":[11],"by":[12,21],"persistent":[13],"COVID-19":[14,235],"symptoms.":[15],"As":[16],"COVID":[18,106,109,162,184,213,239],"defined":[20],"clinical":[22,59,220],"criteria":[23],"after":[24],"an":[25,28,225],"elapsed":[26],"period,":[27],"opportunity":[29],"for":[30],"early":[31,49,176,189],"intervention":[32],"may":[33,62,186],"aid":[34,187],"in":[35,117,137,155,188,197,201,230],"future":[36,74],"prophylactic":[37],"approaches;":[38],"however,":[39],"at":[40,111,121],"present,":[41],"the":[42,160,231],"pathobiological":[43],"mechanisms":[44],"are":[45,204],"multifactorial.":[46],"By":[47],"analyzing":[48],"virally":[50],"infected":[51],"upper":[52,246],"respiratory":[53,247],"tract":[54,248],"tissue":[55],"prior":[56],"to":[57,65,72,103,209,242],"eventual":[58,182],"diagnosis,":[60],"it":[61],"be":[63],"possible":[64],"identify":[66,224],"biomarkers":[67],"altered":[69],"immune":[70],"response":[71,203],"facilitate":[73],"studies":[75],"and":[76,98,107,146,149,159,170,237],"interventions.":[77],"Methods:":[78],"This":[79],"sub-group":[82],"analysis":[83,100],"samples":[85],"collected":[86],"from":[87,94,244],"those":[88],"with":[89,181,206],"confirmed":[90],"COVID-19.":[91],"RNA":[92],"extraction":[93],"nasopharyngeal/mid-turbinate":[95],"samples,":[96],"sequencing,":[97],"bioinformatic":[99],"were":[101,124,157],"performed":[102],"analyze":[104],"non-long":[108],"cohorts":[110],"day":[112],"14":[113],"post":[114,194],"infection.":[115],"Differences":[116],"mean":[118],"viral":[119,168,172,202],"load":[120,169],"various":[122],"timepoints":[123],"analyzed":[125],"as":[126,128],"well":[127],"serological":[129],"data.":[130],"Results:":[131],"We":[132,191],"identified":[133],"26":[134],"upregulated":[135],"genes":[136,153],"patients":[138,207],"experiencing":[139],"COVID.":[141],"Dysregulated":[142],"pathways":[143,148],"including":[144],"complement":[145],"fibrinolysis":[147],"IL-7":[150],"upregulation.":[151],"Additionally,":[152],"involved":[154],"neurotransmission":[156],"dysregulated,":[158],"group":[163],"had":[164],"significantly":[166],"higher":[167],"slower":[171],"clearance.":[173],"Conclusions:":[174],"Uncovering":[175],"gene":[177],"pathway":[178],"abnormalities":[179],"associated":[180,205],"diagnosis":[185,214],"identification.":[190],"show":[192],"that,":[193],"acute":[195],"infection,":[196],"situ":[198],"pathogenic":[199],"deviations":[200],"destined":[208],"meet":[210],"consensus":[211],"that":[215],"entirely":[217],"dependent":[218],"on":[219],"factors.":[221],"These":[222],"results":[223],"important":[226],"biological":[227],"temporal":[228],"window":[229],"natural":[232],"history":[233],"infection":[236],"pathogenesis":[240],"amenable":[241],"testing":[243],"standard-of-care":[245],"specimens.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-06-18T00:00:00"}