{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399490282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","title":"Explainable AI Method for Tinnitus Diagnosis via Neighbor-Augmented Knowledge Graph and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Development and Validation Study","display_name":"Explainable AI Method for Tinnitus Diagnosis via Neighbor-Augmented Knowledge Graph and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Development and Validation Study","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399490282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38857077","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11196910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2196/57678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764650051","display_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics","issn_l":"2291-9694","issn":["2291-9694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320608","host_organization_name":"JMIR Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JMIR Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037967551","display_name":"Ziming Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7572-1748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7572-1748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziming Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7572-1748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053288853","display_name":"Zhongling Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8156-5856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8156-5856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongling Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8156-5856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haopeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-7129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-7129"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098460","display_name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00z27jk27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haopeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-7129","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090708382","display_name":"Yu Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-9443","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-9443"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098460","display_name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00z27jk27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-9443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009623413","display_name":"Ting Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4729-8128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4729-8128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4729-8128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006853698","display_name":"Zhengkun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8944-289X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8944-289X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengkun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8944-289X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068053840","display_name":"Lihua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5789-3350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5789-3350"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098460","display_name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00z27jk27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lihua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5789-3350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068053840"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098460"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":2.9339,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91225201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"e57678","last_page":"e57678"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.34130001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.34130001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.2768999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.13120000064373016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tinnitus-diagnosis","display_name":"tinnitus diagnosis","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graphs","display_name":"knowledge graphs","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-chinese-medicine","display_name":"traditional Chinese medicine","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-similarity","display_name":"patient similarity","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"mutual information","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support","display_name":"clinical decision support","score":0.7739999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776992516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192309","display_name":"Tinnitus","level":2,"score":0.9210686087608337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780090376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075072","display_name":"Objectification","level":2,"score":0.5713922381401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5147407054901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40933194756507874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3584079146385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35683661699295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.19075024127960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2196/57678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764650051","display_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics","issn_l":"2291-9694","issn":["2291-9694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320608","host_organization_name":"JMIR Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JMIR Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2196/preprints.57678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.57678","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/preprints.57678","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11196910","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11196910","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11196910/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Med Inform","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38857077","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38857077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR medical informatics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fec60da819cf48ab8aa0c1a9da31e365","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fec60da819cf48ab8aa0c1a9da31e365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics, Vol 12, p e57678 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2196/57678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/57678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764650051","display_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics","issn_l":"2291-9694","issn":["2291-9694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320608","host_organization_name":"JMIR Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JMIR Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Medical Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G20364276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82074581","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399490282.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399490282.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971937094","https://openalex.org/W2054297533","https://openalex.org/W2154454189","https://openalex.org/W2802227393","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2991158297","https://openalex.org/W2994958354","https://openalex.org/W3003971402","https://openalex.org/W3011874209","https://openalex.org/W3044944225","https://openalex.org/W3100120625","https://openalex.org/W3120605618","https://openalex.org/W3122258629","https://openalex.org/W3201242635","https://openalex.org/W3209668695","https://openalex.org/W4211112851","https://openalex.org/W4229453467","https://openalex.org/W4238624708","https://openalex.org/W4252608096","https://openalex.org/W4286587528","https://openalex.org/W4290659914","https://openalex.org/W4308159032","https://openalex.org/W4310275935","https://openalex.org/W4319057838","https://openalex.org/W4323029732","https://openalex.org/W4324325022","https://openalex.org/W4361222648","https://openalex.org/W4378528423","https://openalex.org/W4379469269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401748557","https://openalex.org/W4386363506","https://openalex.org/W7220621636","https://openalex.org/W7160598486","https://openalex.org/W7150981245","https://openalex.org/W4391656895","https://openalex.org/W7214637217","https://openalex.org/W4399180721","https://openalex.org/W7211911046","https://openalex.org/W4400114426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Tinnitus":[1],"diagnosis":[2,231],"poses":[3],"a":[4,25,43,67,101,123,219],"challenge":[5],"in":[6,34,60,113],"otolaryngology":[7],"owing":[8],"to":[9,41,53,99,133,147,228],"an":[10,47],"extremely":[11],"complex":[12],"pathogenesis,":[13],"lack":[14,26],"of":[15,27,57,151,182,198],"effective":[16],"objectification":[17],"methods,":[18],"and":[19,143,154,162,170,221],"factor-affected":[20],"diagnosis.":[21,62,137],"There":[22],"is":[23,226],"currently":[24],"explainable":[28,48,164,222],"auxiliary":[29],"diagnostic":[30,44,71,223],"tools":[31],"for":[32,179,208],"tinnitus":[33,61,70,102,184,230],"clinical":[35,77,96],"practice.":[36],"OBJECTIVE:":[37],"This":[38,214],"study":[39],"aims":[40],"develop":[42],"model":[45],"using":[46],"artificial":[49],"intelligence":[50],"(AI)":[51],"method":[52,72,215],"address":[54],"the":[55,114,135,149,156,174,180,206,209],"issue":[56],"low":[58],"accuracy":[59],"METHODS:":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"study,":[66],"knowledge":[68,79,98,103,115,199],"graph-based":[69],"was":[73,127],"developed":[74],"by":[75],"combining":[76],"medical":[78,82,85,97],"with":[80,93,158,218],"electronic":[81],"records.":[83],"Electronic":[84],"record":[86],"data":[87],"from":[88],"1267":[89],"patients":[90],"were":[91,107],"integrated":[92],"traditional":[94],"Chinese":[95],"construct":[100],"graph.":[104],"Subsequently,":[105],"weights":[106],"introduced,":[108],"which":[109,129],"measured":[110],"patient":[111,131],"similarity":[112,132,210],"graph":[116,160],"based":[117],"on":[118],"mutual":[119],"information":[120],"values.":[121],"Finally,":[122],"collaborative":[124],"neighbor":[125],"algorithm":[126],"proposed,":[128],"scored":[130],"obtain":[134],"recommended":[136],"We":[138],"conducted":[139],"2":[140],"group":[141],"experiments":[142],"1":[144],"case":[145],"derivation":[146],"explore":[148],"effectiveness":[150],"our":[152],"models":[153,157],"compared":[155],"state-of-the-art":[159],"algorithms":[161],"other":[163],"machine":[165],"learning":[166],"models.":[167],"RESULTS:":[168],"-score,":[169],"99%":[171],"area":[172],"under":[173],"receiver":[175],"operating":[176],"characteristic":[177],"curve":[178],"inference":[181],"5":[183],"subtypes":[185],"among":[186],"253":[187],"test":[188],"patients.":[189,212],"Additionally,":[190],"it":[191],"demonstrated":[192],"good":[193],"interpretability.":[194],"The":[195],"topological":[196],"structure":[197],"graphs":[200],"provides":[201,216],"transparency":[202],"that":[203,225],"can":[204],"explain":[205],"reasons":[207],"between":[211],"CONCLUSIONS:":[213],"doctors":[217],"reliable":[220],"tool":[224],"expected":[227],"improve":[229],"accuracy.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2024-06-11T00:00:00"}
