{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399185331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","title":"Target recognition in diverse synthetic aperture radar image datasets with low size weight and power processing hardware","display_name":"Target recognition in diverse synthetic aperture radar image datasets with low size weight and power processing hardware","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399185331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/rsn2.12591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3569471","display_name":"IET Radar Sonar & Navigation","issn_l":"1751-8784","issn":["1751-8784","1751-8792"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004877994","display_name":"Richard O. Lane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-0348","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-0348"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173869447","display_name":"Qinetiq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f60yb64","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard O. Lane","raw_affiliation_strings":["QinetiQ, Great Malvern, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-0348","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QinetiQ, Great Malvern, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074130457","display_name":"Wendy J. Holmes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-3102","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-3102"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173869447","display_name":"Qinetiq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f60yb64","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendy J. Holmes","raw_affiliation_strings":["QinetiQ, Great Malvern, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-3102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QinetiQ, Great Malvern, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029614172","display_name":"T. Lamont\u2010Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-1978","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-1978"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173869447","display_name":"Qinetiq (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f60yb64","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Lamont\u2010Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["QinetiQ, Great Malvern, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-1978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QinetiQ, Great Malvern, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004877994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173869447"],"apc_list":{"value":2470,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2470},"apc_paid":{"value":2470,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2470},"fwci":0.1432,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33136297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"11","first_page":"2066","last_page":"2076"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.03840000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"synthetic aperture radar","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-detection","display_name":"target detection","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-classification","display_name":"target classification","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-board-computer","display_name":"single-board computer","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yolov5","display_name":"YOLOv5","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinanet","display_name":"RetinaNet","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficientdet","display_name":"EfficientDet","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning-inference","display_name":"deep learning inference","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-data-preprocessing","display_name":"training data preprocessing","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-surveillance","display_name":"radar surveillance","score":0.4309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.808003306388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7101835012435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6542567014694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99821215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136583","display_name":"Swap (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5760406255722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.5574413537979126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5406761169433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.513948380947113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.41188547015190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3786325454711914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.357366681098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3213889002799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.08629578351974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/rsn2.12591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3569471","display_name":"IET Radar Sonar & Navigation","issn_l":"1751-8784","issn":["1751-8784","1751-8792"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ec42d902a0f14f42a1299038b93f1715","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ec42d902a0f14f42a1299038b93f1715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Vol 18, Iss 11, Pp 2066-2076 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/rsn2.12591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3569471","display_name":"IET Radar Sonar & Navigation","issn_l":"1751-8784","issn":["1751-8784","1751-8792"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316437","display_name":"QinetiQ","ror":"https://ror.org/02f60yb64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332972","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04jswqb94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037693446","https://openalex.org/W2111847198","https://openalex.org/W2410591237","https://openalex.org/W2805353882","https://openalex.org/W2945129896","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3108973129","https://openalex.org/W3152382703","https://openalex.org/W3202571982","https://openalex.org/W4293039374","https://openalex.org/W4293071398","https://openalex.org/W4312238141","https://openalex.org/W4312766768"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202571982","https://openalex.org/W3215928862","https://openalex.org/W4393104280","https://openalex.org/W4404467384","https://openalex.org/W7026751312","https://openalex.org/W4386323663","https://openalex.org/W7125834285","https://openalex.org/W7134130773","https://openalex.org/W7101422225","https://openalex.org/W2944603520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"studies":[3],"the":[4,71,90,97,101,104,115,124,140],"performance":[5,132],"of":[6,63,130,142],"target":[7,31],"detection":[8],"and":[9,48,65,74,79,93,108,147],"classification":[10],"algorithms":[11],"applied":[12],"to":[13,23,34,88],"synthetic":[14],"aperture":[15],"radar":[16],"(SAR)":[17],"data.":[18],"We":[19],"describe":[20],"a":[21,36,53,75],"process":[22],"merge":[24],"measured":[25],"environmental":[26],"SAR":[27],"scene":[28],"images":[29],"with":[30,121,136],"image":[32],"chips":[33],"produce":[35],"large":[37],"dataset":[38],"for":[39,118],"training":[40,145],"deep":[41],"learning":[42],"algorithms.":[43],"Three":[44],"algorithms,":[45],"RetinaNet,":[46],"EfficientDet,":[47],"YOLOv5,":[49],"were":[50],"trained":[51],"using":[52],"powerful":[54],"cloud":[55,72,98],"server.":[56],"Performance":[57],"at":[58],"inference":[59],"time,":[60],"in":[61],"terms":[62],"speed":[64],"accuracy,":[66],"was":[67,86],"tested":[68],"on":[69,96,103,114,133],"both":[70],"server":[73,99],"low":[76],"size":[77],"weight":[78],"power":[80],"(SWAP)":[81],"single":[82],"board":[83],"computer.":[84],"YOLOv5":[85],"found":[87],"be":[89],"most":[91],"accurate":[92],"fastest":[94],"algorithm":[95,131],"but":[100],"slowest":[102],"low\u2010SWAP":[105,116],"device.":[106],"RetinaNet":[107,122],"EfficientDet":[109],"produced":[110],"operationally":[111],"useful":[112],"throughput":[113],"device":[117],"surveillance":[119],"applications,":[120],"having":[123],"higher":[125],"accuracy.":[126],"Further":[127],"qualitative":[128],"analysis":[129],"additional":[134],"data":[135,146],"different":[137],"characteristics":[138],"highlighted":[139],"importance":[141],"gathering":[143],"relevant":[144],"carrying":[148],"out":[149],"suitable":[150],"pre\u2010processing":[151],"steps.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2024-05-31T00:00:00"}