{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399028008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","title":"Consumer Protection in Pakistan's Digital Economy: Assessing the Legal Framework for Safeguarding Consumers in E-commerce, Ensuring Product Safety, and Combating Online Scams","display_name":"Consumer Protection in Pakistan's Digital Economy: Assessing the Legal Framework for Safeguarding Consumers in E-commerce, Ensuring Product Safety, and Combating Online Scams","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399028008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199170","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","issn_l":"2415-007X","issn":["2415-007X","2709-801X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098840194","display_name":"Aisha Warraich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273022","display_name":"Grand Asian University, Sialkot","ror":"https://ror.org/055e8xz16","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273022"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aisha Warraich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grand Asian University, Sialkot, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grand Asian University, Sialkot, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273022"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080392638","display_name":"Muhammad Shoaib Jamil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8382-820X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8382-820X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shoaib Jamil","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8382-820X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Umar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160968435","display_name":"University of Sargodha","ror":"https://ror.org/0086rpr26","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160968435"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Umar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sargodha, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sargodha, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160968435"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Zahid Rafique","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160968435","display_name":"University of Sargodha","ror":"https://ror.org/0086rpr26","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160968435"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Zahid Rafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sargodha, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sargodha, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160968435"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9371,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9573593,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14362","display_name":"Diverse Legal and Medical Studies","score":0.43869999051094055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14362","display_name":"Diverse Legal and Medical Studies","score":0.43869999051094055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.21130000054836273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13191","display_name":"Dispute Resolution and Class Actions","score":0.16259999573230743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-protection","display_name":"consumer protection","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-commerce","display_name":"e-commerce","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-retail","display_name":"online retail","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-rights","display_name":"consumer rights","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-safety","display_name":"product safety","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-fraud","display_name":"online fraud","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-protection-law","display_name":"consumer protection law","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-economy","display_name":"digital economy","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-commerce-regulation","display_name":"e-commerce regulation","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-education","display_name":"consumer education","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistan","display_name":"Pakistan","score":0.8980000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776743756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097921","display_name":"Safeguarding","level":2,"score":0.9145635366439819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7022377848625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989499966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664183","display_name":"Consumer protection","level":2,"score":0.6825489401817322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6751907467842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78597825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484847","display_name":"E-commerce","level":2,"score":0.6431975364685059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.6013715863227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203043789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138461","display_name":"Digital economy","level":2,"score":0.5045400857925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4262404441833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33199155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2277143","display_name":"Sharing economy","level":2,"score":0.4198298454284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4099474847316742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4092613756656647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1181919276714325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11351555585861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09025561809539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199170","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","issn_l":"2415-007X","issn":["2415-007X","2709-801X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2024.v12i1.2027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199170","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","issn_l":"2415-007X","issn":["2415-007X","2709-801X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293232055","https://openalex.org/W4323538795","https://openalex.org/W4385489663","https://openalex.org/W4388744274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217226134","https://openalex.org/W7201950171","https://openalex.org/W4409493682","https://openalex.org/W7220815123","https://openalex.org/W7215159921","https://openalex.org/W4407041455","https://openalex.org/W7165152874","https://openalex.org/W4407394066","https://openalex.org/W4409014866","https://openalex.org/W7216210128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,27,52,60,72,108,126],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5,42],"to":[6,64,131],"provide":[7],"an":[8,58],"overview":[9],"Pakistan's":[11,39],"e-commerce":[12,40,77],"industry\u2014":[13],"with":[14,105],"a":[15,106],"focus":[16],"on":[17],"the":[18,25,30,68,73,118,123],"online":[19],"retail":[20],"sector.":[21],"E-commerce":[22],"has":[23,81],"changed":[24],"face":[26],"business":[28],"across":[29],"globe,":[31],"redefining":[32],"how":[33],"organizations":[34],"and":[35,89,101,146],"consumers":[36],"engage":[37],"commercially.":[38],"market":[41],"still":[43],"in":[44,50,117,129,135],"its":[45],"infancy":[46],"but":[47],"shows":[48],"promise":[49],"terms":[51],"growth.":[53],"This":[54],"study":[55],"delves":[56],"into":[57],"evaluation":[59],"Pakistani":[61],"laws":[62],"related":[63],"consumer":[65,90,144],"rights":[66],"within":[67],"emerging":[69],"digital":[70,138],"economy":[71],"country,":[74],"specifically":[75],"through":[76],"platforms.":[78],"essay":[80],"discussed":[82],"various":[83],"critical":[84],"topics":[85],"including":[86],"product":[87],"safety":[88],"rights,":[91],"as":[92,94],"well":[93],"internet":[95],"frauds\u2014":[96],"drawing":[97],"from":[98],"case":[99],"studies":[100],"legal":[102],"perception":[103],"coupled":[104],"review":[107],"existing":[109],"literature":[110],"which":[111],"all":[112],"point":[113],"towards":[114],"inadequacies":[115],"present":[116],"current":[119],"system":[120],"exacerbated":[121],"by":[122],"overwhelming":[124],"penetration":[125],"e-commerce.":[127],"Thus,":[128],"order":[130],"ensure":[132],"consumers\u2019":[133],"safeguard":[134],"Pakistan\u2019s":[136],"developing":[137],"economy,":[139],"rigorous":[140],"regulatory":[141],"arrangement,":[142],"proper":[143],"education,":[145],"stakeholder":[147],"engagement":[148],"are":[149],"extremely":[150],"recommended.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-05-26T00:00:00"}