{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398201706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","title":"Desalination in Spain and the Role of Solar Photovoltaic Energy","display_name":"Desalination in Spain and the Role of Solar Photovoltaic Energy","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398201706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jmse12060859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736865057","display_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2077-1312","issn":["2077-1312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098753078","display_name":"Miquel \u00c0ngel Mart\u00ednez-Medina","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miquel \u00c0ngel Mart\u00ednez-Medina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086373900","display_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-0862","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-0862"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00edn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-0862","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088979362","display_name":"Teodoro Estrela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-3303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-3303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teodoro Estrela","raw_affiliation_strings":["J\u00facar River Basin Authority, 46010 Valencia, Spain","Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-3303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J\u00facar River Basin Authority, 46010 Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086373900"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2955},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2955},"fwci":1.2642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76076859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"859","last_page":"859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12838","display_name":"Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability","score":0.6484000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12838","display_name":"Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability","score":0.6484000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12008","display_name":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","score":0.14920000731945038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":0.05889999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seawater-desalination","display_name":"seawater desalination","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-osmosis","display_name":"reverse osmosis","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaics","display_name":"photovoltaics","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agrivoltaics","display_name":"agrivoltaics","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bifacial-photovoltaic-modules","display_name":"bifacial photovoltaic modules","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-axis-tracking","display_name":"single-axis tracking","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-coverage-ratio","display_name":"ground coverage ratio","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-scarcity","display_name":"water scarcity","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desalination-cost","display_name":"desalination cost","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treated-wastewater-reuse","display_name":"treated wastewater reuse","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spain","display_name":"Spain","score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediterranean-region","display_name":"Mediterranean","score":0.8930000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.7575700879096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776870568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190873","display_name":"Desalination","level":3,"score":0.6517508625984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6397846341133118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.5712378621101379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4425990879535675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.41273242235183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.38672614097595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18514546751976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12196385860443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10794901847839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jmse12060859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736865057","display_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2077-1312","issn":["2077-1312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/227032","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/227032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400639","display_name":"RiuNet (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0b54dd5303c844afa96b45462b86f69e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0b54dd5303c844afa96b45462b86f69e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 859 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jmse12060859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736865057","display_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","issn_l":"2077-1312","issn":["2077-1312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"},{"score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"score":0.965499997138977,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"},{"score":0.5666999816894531,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.5171999931335449,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977562915","https://openalex.org/W2019997048","https://openalex.org/W2043085478","https://openalex.org/W2051355472","https://openalex.org/W2071078690","https://openalex.org/W2081527043","https://openalex.org/W2090296245","https://openalex.org/W2113489263","https://openalex.org/W2610903708","https://openalex.org/W2740006679","https://openalex.org/W2765332850","https://openalex.org/W2766208226","https://openalex.org/W2766635972","https://openalex.org/W2767971997","https://openalex.org/W2791455133","https://openalex.org/W2891358411","https://openalex.org/W2898198320","https://openalex.org/W2913361842","https://openalex.org/W2940242109","https://openalex.org/W2964409534","https://openalex.org/W2966289267","https://openalex.org/W2968856756","https://openalex.org/W3018056692","https://openalex.org/W3018394120","https://openalex.org/W3033361265","https://openalex.org/W3205228874","https://openalex.org/W4200275324","https://openalex.org/W4281720067","https://openalex.org/W4292838330","https://openalex.org/W4294955076","https://openalex.org/W4305014662","https://openalex.org/W4310030149","https://openalex.org/W4312511689","https://openalex.org/W4323315332","https://openalex.org/W4382236896","https://openalex.org/W4386638352","https://openalex.org/W4387129252","https://openalex.org/W4390355688","https://openalex.org/W4393356379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386638352","https://openalex.org/W2902694842","https://openalex.org/W4249615235","https://openalex.org/W7019236697","https://openalex.org/W2945435901","https://openalex.org/W7161046896","https://openalex.org/W4407087620","https://openalex.org/W4395450622","https://openalex.org/W4226177549","https://openalex.org/W4409670421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Water":[0],"scarcity":[1],"will":[2,91],"increase":[3],"in":[4,7,16,72,76,112,121,134],"the":[5,8,26,45,93,127,132,140,145,153,172,176],"world":[6],"coming":[9],"decades":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,32,40,98],"climate":[13],"change,":[14],"especially":[15],"areas":[17],"that":[18],"currently":[19],"already":[20],"have":[21],"water":[22,34,97,147],"scarcity,":[23],"such":[24,50,181],"as":[25,51,110,182],"Mediterranean":[27],"area.":[28],"In":[29],"these":[30],"areas,":[31],"guarantee":[33],"resources,":[35,49],"systems\u2019":[36],"sustainability":[37],"is":[38,68],"necessary":[39],"improve":[41],"demand":[42],"management":[43],"and":[44,143,174,186],"development":[46,177],"of":[47,95,117,171,178],"non-conventional":[48,59],"treated":[52],"wastewater":[53],"reuse":[54],"or":[55,137],"seawater":[56,86],"desalination.":[57],"These":[58],"resources":[60],"are":[61],"highly":[62],"energy-consuming;":[63],"so,":[64,102],"reducing":[65,144],"energy":[66,84,128],"costs":[67],"a":[69,158,167],"key":[70],"element":[71],"developing":[73],"their":[74],"use":[75],"different":[77],"sectors,":[78],"including":[79],"agriculture.":[80],"Combining":[81],"photovoltaic":[82],"solar":[83,119,154],"with":[85,157],"desalination":[87],"by":[88],"reverse":[89],"osmosis":[90],"reduce":[92],"cost":[94],"producing":[96],"below":[99],"0.36":[100],"EUR/m3;":[101],"this":[103,113],"resource":[104],"can":[105],"be":[106],"attractive":[107],"for":[108,166],"agriculture,":[109],"demonstrated":[111],"work.":[114],"The":[115,149],"arrangement":[116],"bifacial":[118],"modules":[120],"horizontal":[122],"single-axis":[123],"tracking":[124],"systems":[125],"increases":[126],"amount":[129],"generated":[130],"from":[131],"sun":[133],"one":[135],"hour":[136],"more,":[138],"improving":[139],"facility\u2019s":[141],"efficiency":[142],"desalinated":[146],"cost.":[148],"greater":[150],"distance":[151],"between":[152],"module":[155],"lines,":[156],"ground":[159],"coverage":[160],"ratio":[161],"(GCR)":[162],"=":[163],"0.3,":[164],"makes":[165],"better":[168],"environmental":[169],"integration":[170],"facility":[173],"allows":[175],"agrovoltaic":[179],"strategies,":[180],"native":[183],"flora":[184],"planting":[185],"pollinator":[187],"colonization.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-05-23T00:00:00"}