{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396897410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","title":"Will the EU AI Regulations Give Rise to Another \u2018Brussels Effect\u2019? Lessons from the GDPR","display_name":"Will the EU AI Regulations Give Rise to Another \u2018Brussels Effect\u2019? Lessons from the GDPR","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396897410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/24551333241247670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/24551333241247670?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203828","display_name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","issn_l":"2455-1333","issn":["2455-1333","2455-4952"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/24551333241247670?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008366954","display_name":"Agnidipto Tarafder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129200","display_name":"O. P. Jindal Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/03j2ta742","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129200"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Agnidipto Tarafder","raw_affiliation_strings":["OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129200"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098534198","display_name":"Aniruddh Vadlamani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0912-1400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0912-1400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129200","display_name":"O. P. Jindal Global University","ror":"https://ror.org/03j2ta742","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129200"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aniruddh Vadlamani","raw_affiliation_strings":["OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0912-1400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008366954"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129200"],"apc_list":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.0455,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99270922,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"45","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14362","display_name":"Diverse Legal and Medical Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-ai-regulation","display_name":"EU AI regulation","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brussels-effect","display_name":"Brussels effect","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gdpr","display_name":"GDPR","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-regulation","display_name":"data protection regulation","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-tech","display_name":"Big Tech","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-diffusion","display_name":"regulatory diffusion","score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-regulation","display_name":"AI regulation","score":0.414000004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5075169801712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.4286388158798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3090818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","level":3,"score":0.41423457860946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.38994258642196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.38354840874671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3182794451713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.25345495343208313}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/24551333241247670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/24551333241247670?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203828","display_name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","issn_l":"2455-1333","issn":["2455-1333","2455-4952"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:jodepp:v:10:y:2025:i:1:p:45-60","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/24551333241247670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/24551333241247670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24551333241247670","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/24551333241247670?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203828","display_name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","issn_l":"2455-1333","issn":["2455-1333","2455-4952"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Development Policy and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396897410.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396897410.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538472072","https://openalex.org/W2012843030","https://openalex.org/W2108381364","https://openalex.org/W2755051302","https://openalex.org/W3015372844","https://openalex.org/W3124473989","https://openalex.org/W3125960716","https://openalex.org/W3136366794","https://openalex.org/W3166063647","https://openalex.org/W3180969989","https://openalex.org/W3191061256","https://openalex.org/W3213865720","https://openalex.org/W4213121859","https://openalex.org/W4288059912","https://openalex.org/W4293566417","https://openalex.org/W4297675400","https://openalex.org/W4311524007","https://openalex.org/W4313384217","https://openalex.org/W4313889983","https://openalex.org/W4319299406","https://openalex.org/W4385779780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389669842","https://openalex.org/W4283385720","https://openalex.org/W4306174532","https://openalex.org/W4408912084","https://openalex.org/W7015251788","https://openalex.org/W4318708220","https://openalex.org/W4402567167","https://openalex.org/W7171323124","https://openalex.org/W4312528053","https://openalex.org/W7201984999"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"pre-eminence":[1],"of":[2,16,65,74,89,106,129],"the":[3,14,31,42,58,63,68,71,78,81,87,90,95,104,127],"European":[4],"Union":[5],"(EU)":[6],"General":[7],"Data":[8],"Protection":[9],"Regulation":[10],"(GDPR)":[11],"in":[12,35,41,53,62],"regulating":[13],"business":[15],"data":[17,47,66],"collection,":[18],"processing":[19],"and":[20,80,84,122],"transfer":[21],"cannot":[22],"be":[23],"understated.":[24],"It":[25,100],"has":[26],"come":[27],"to":[28,118,126],"serve":[29],"as":[30],"model":[32],"for":[33,98],"laws":[34],"several":[36],"non-EU":[37],"jurisdictions":[38],"who":[39],"share":[40],"EU\u2019s":[43],"concerns":[44],"about":[45],"citizens\u2019":[46],"being":[48,109,133],"harnessed":[49],"by":[50,77,111],"Big":[51],"Tech":[52],"particular.":[54],"This":[55],"article":[56],"explores":[57],"GDPR\u2019s":[59],"outsized":[60],"impact":[61],"sphere":[64],"regulation,":[67],"conflict":[69],"between":[70],"contrasting":[72],"models":[73],"regulation":[75],"adopted":[76],"EU":[79],"United":[82],"States":[83],"comments":[85],"on":[86],"possibility":[88,105,128],"AI":[91],"regulations":[92],"becoming":[93],"what":[94],"GDPR":[96],"is":[97],"data.":[99],"further":[101],"delves":[102],"into":[103],"this":[107],"approach":[108],"followed":[110],"countries":[112],"like":[113],"India,":[114],"where":[115],"government":[116],"efforts":[117],"integrate":[119],"AI-based":[120],"innovation":[121],"entrepreneurship":[123],"have":[124],"led":[125],"newer":[130],"regulatory":[131],"approaches":[132],"adopted.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2024-05-15T00:00:00"}