{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396854719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","title":"Perceptions and Bias of Small Business Leaders in Employing People with Different Types of Disabilities","display_name":"Perceptions and Bias of Small Business Leaders in Employing People with Different Types of Disabilities","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396854719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38740678","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11180154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147243735","display_name":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation","issn_l":"1053-0487","issn":["1053-0487","1573-3688"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112966109","display_name":"Nanette J. Goodman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nanette Goodman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA. njgoodma@syr.edu","Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA. njgoodma@syr.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Samantha Deane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samantha Deane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029101778","display_name":"Fitore Hyseni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-3609","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-3609"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fitore Hyseni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012354296","display_name":"Michal Soffer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-1130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-1130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91203450","display_name":"University of Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f009v59","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Soffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91203450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082349358","display_name":"Gary Shaheen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Shaheen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085377710","display_name":"Peter Blanck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-1527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-1527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Blanck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112966109"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"],"apc_list":{"value":4590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4590},"apc_paid":{"value":4590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4590},"fwci":4.1884,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94815632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":"359","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12948","display_name":"Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-of-people-with-disabilities","display_name":"employment of people with disabilities","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-business-employers","display_name":"small business employers","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employer-perceptions","display_name":"employer perceptions","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-type","display_name":"disability type","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/americans-with-disabilities-act","display_name":"Americans with Disabilities Act","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudinal-barriers","display_name":"attitudinal barriers","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-discrimination","display_name":"disability discrimination","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blindness","display_name":"blindness","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-disabilities","display_name":"mental health disabilities","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-disability","display_name":"intellectual disability","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deafness","display_name":"deafness","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-disability","display_name":"physical disability","score":0.8870000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155164915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403186","display_name":"Health psychology","level":3,"score":0.9101529717445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6188103556632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1109680","display_name":"Small business","level":2,"score":0.5264143347740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4992942810058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.4570766091346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.36418354511260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.30623340606689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.27730095386505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24994519352912903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2285706102848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.17663288116455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004651","descriptor_name":"Employment","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006233","descriptor_name":"Persons with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007857","descriptor_name":"Leadership","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010560","descriptor_name":"Personnel Selection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058012","descriptor_name":"Small Business","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147243735","display_name":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation","issn_l":"1053-0487","issn":["1053-0487","1573-3688"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11180154","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11180154","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11180154/pdf/10926_2024_Article_10201.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Occup Rehabil","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38740678","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38740678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of occupational rehabilitation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:surface.syr.edu:lender-1048","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://surface.syr.edu/lender/49","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401700","display_name":"Syracuse University Libraries (Syracuse University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","host_organization_name":"Syracuse University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Lender Center for Social Justice","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:surface.syr.edu:lender-1053","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://surface.syr.edu/lender/54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401700","display_name":"Syracuse University Libraries (Syracuse University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","host_organization_name":"Syracuse University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Lender Center for Social Justice","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10201-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147243735","display_name":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation","issn_l":"1053-0487","issn":["1053-0487","1573-3688"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G333999973","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#90DPAD0005-01-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337604","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3513040557","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-01-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337604","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4315501965","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#RTEM21000058; #90RTEM0006-01-00; #90DPAD0005-01-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337604","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5612232032","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTEM21000058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337604","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G766109611","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"90RTEM0006-01-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337604","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337604","display_name":"National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396854719.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396854719.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W314366","https://openalex.org/W18826934","https://openalex.org/W1993437561","https://openalex.org/W1994789702","https://openalex.org/W2020400561","https://openalex.org/W2063472339","https://openalex.org/W2083615454","https://openalex.org/W2127622196","https://openalex.org/W2160539644","https://openalex.org/W2196844125","https://openalex.org/W2288623547","https://openalex.org/W2296314894","https://openalex.org/W2479402002","https://openalex.org/W2502152494","https://openalex.org/W2782931606","https://openalex.org/W2861319823","https://openalex.org/W2901130581","https://openalex.org/W2905243891","https://openalex.org/W2908659572","https://openalex.org/W2911439198","https://openalex.org/W2920892299","https://openalex.org/W2965673041","https://openalex.org/W2995779572","https://openalex.org/W3045513185","https://openalex.org/W3121030917","https://openalex.org/W3126802735","https://openalex.org/W3142131367","https://openalex.org/W3199330960","https://openalex.org/W4214585987","https://openalex.org/W4289731117","https://openalex.org/W4317781121","https://openalex.org/W4378175035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496350231","https://openalex.org/W2536743421","https://openalex.org/W7097638619","https://openalex.org/W2018739580","https://openalex.org/W4400682974","https://openalex.org/W3194994462","https://openalex.org/W4414530990","https://openalex.org/W7118532139","https://openalex.org/W1512348672","https://openalex.org/W2604146022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Despite":[1],"existing":[2],"employment-related":[3],"legislation":[4],"and":[5,35,51,59,76,86,90,104,132,169,209,211,231,330,354,372],"governmental":[6],"programs,":[7],"people":[8,32,55,83,154,190,374,388],"with":[9,33,56,84,108,155,174,191,205,227,253,276,320,375,389],"disabilities":[10,34,57,85,310,342],"continue":[11],"to":[12,16,24,68,92,130,161,171,201,207,246,317,366,370,386,405],"face":[13,80],"significant":[14],"barriers":[15,50,394],"competitive":[17],"employment.":[18],"These":[19,216],"obstacles":[20],"are":[21,243,314],"partially":[22],"due":[23],"biases":[25],"among":[26,136,165,197,383,409],"employers":[27,79,198,222,242,313,335,369,385],"regarding":[28],"the":[29,74,133,137,151,163,193,225,266,270,281,285,289,292,309,392],"contributions":[30],"of":[31,117,153,188,269,284,341],"perceptions":[36,273],"about":[37,274],"accommodation":[38,214],"costs,":[39],"which":[40],"can":[41,146],"affect":[42],"their":[43,88],"hiring":[44,82,152,189,387,408],"decisions.":[45],"Existing":[46],"research":[47],"on":[48,62,96,401],"employment":[49],"facilitators":[52,271],"often":[53],"treats":[54],"homogenously":[58],"focuses":[60],"mainly":[61],"large":[63],"companies.":[64],"This":[65],"study":[66],"helps":[67],"fill":[69],"these":[70],"gaps":[71],"by":[72,224,323],"exploring":[73],"motivations":[75],"challenges":[77],"small":[78,260,350,368,411],"when":[81],"how":[87,143,206],"attitudes":[89,135,145],"willingness":[91,129,170],"hire":[93,131,172,208,250,318,371],"vary":[94],"based":[95],"disability":[97,407],"type.":[98],"METHODS:":[99],"We":[100,141,157,256],"surveyed":[101],"business":[102],"owners":[103],"decision-makers":[105],"at":[106,346],"companies":[107,261],"fewer":[109],"than":[110,263,303],"100":[111],"employees":[112],"resulting":[113],"in":[114,127,186],"a":[115,238,254,396],"sample":[116],"393":[118],"company":[119,138],"respondents.":[120],"Through":[121],"descriptive":[122],"analyses,":[123],"we":[124,311],"examined":[125],"variations":[126],"respondents'":[128],"prevailing":[134],"leaders":[139],"sampled.":[140],"explored":[142],"employer":[144],"either":[147],"hinder":[148],"or":[149],"support":[150],"disabilities.":[156,377],"conducted":[158],"multivariate":[159],"analysis":[160],"explore":[162],"connections":[164],"attitudinal":[166],"barriers,":[167],"facilitators,":[168],"individuals":[173],"various":[175],"disabilities,":[176,192,326,328,332,390],"reflecting":[177],"disability's":[178],"heterogeneous":[179],"nature.":[180],"RESULTS:":[181],"Our":[182,378],"findings":[183],"reveal":[184],"that,":[185],"terms":[187],"most":[194],"important":[195],"concerns":[196,217,353],"are:":[199],"inability":[200],"discipline,":[202],"being":[203],"unfamiliar":[204],"accommodate,":[210],"uncertainty":[212],"over":[213],"costs.":[215],"do":[218,336],"not":[219,337],"differ":[220],"between":[221],"covered":[223],"Americans":[226],"Disabilities":[228],"Act":[229],"(ADA)":[230],"non-covered":[232],"employers.":[233,412],"However,":[234,287],"ADA-coverage":[235],"may":[236],"make":[237],"difference":[239],"as":[240,343],"ADA-covered":[241,384],"more":[244,301],"likely":[245,316],"say":[247],"they":[248],"would":[249],"an":[251,296,305],"applicant":[252],"disability.":[255],"find":[257],"that":[258,334],"for":[259,288,295,304,361,398],"(less":[262],"15":[264],"employees),":[265],"positive":[267],"effect":[268,283,294],"(positive":[272],"workers":[275],"disabilities)":[277],"almost":[278],"completely":[279],"offsets":[280],"negative":[282],"barriers.":[286],"larger":[290],"companies,":[291],"marginal":[293],"additional":[297,306],"barrier":[298],"is":[299,359],"significantly":[300],"predictive":[302],"facilitator.":[307],"Among":[308],"examined,":[312],"least":[315],"someone":[319],"blindness,":[321],"followed":[322],"mental":[324],"health":[325],"intellectual":[327],"deafness,":[329],"physical":[331],"underscoring":[333],"view":[338],"all":[339,410],"types":[340],"equally":[344],"desirable":[345],"work.":[347],"CONCLUSIONS:":[348],"Understanding":[349],"employers'":[351],"underlying":[352],"effectively":[355],"addressing":[356],"those":[357],"factors":[358],"crucial":[360],"developing":[362],"effective":[363,402],"intervention":[364,403],"strategies":[365,404],"encourage":[367],"retain":[373],"different":[376],"results":[379],"suggest":[380],"greater":[381],"openness":[382],"but":[391],"perceived":[393],"indicate":[395],"need":[397],"ongoing":[399],"information":[400],"increase":[406]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-05-14T00:00:00"}