{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396829136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","title":"PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ADSORBENT FROM WASTE SHEA (Vitellaria paradoxa) NUT SHELL","display_name":"PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ADSORBENT FROM WASTE SHEA (Vitellaria paradoxa) NUT SHELL","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396829136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224159","display_name":"FUDMA Journal of Sciences","issn_l":"2616-1370","issn":["2616-1370","2645-2944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404662838","host_organization_name":"Federal University, Dutsin-Ma","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404662838"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Federal University, Dutsin-Ma"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109766565","display_name":"M. Musah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-3043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-3043"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151986","display_name":"Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University","ror":"https://ror.org/05chrxg27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Musah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020942173","display_name":"J. T. Matthew","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. T. Matthew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027622259","display_name":"Yakubu Azeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-674X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-674X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Azeh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014155547","display_name":"Umar Muhammad Badeggi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4774-4237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4774-4237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151986","display_name":"Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University","ror":"https://ror.org/05chrxg27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. M. Badeggi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045091973","display_name":"A. I. Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-6509","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-6509"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151986","display_name":"Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University","ror":"https://ror.org/05chrxg27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. I. Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072274539","display_name":"L. M. Abu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. M. Abu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111193850","display_name":"Paul Okonkwo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151986","display_name":"Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University","ror":"https://ror.org/05chrxg27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. T. Okonkwo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027690617","display_name":"Karima Tani Muhammad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151986","display_name":"Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University","ror":"https://ror.org/05chrxg27","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. T. Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109766565"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151986"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6671,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59458055,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"338","last_page":"344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11188","display_name":"Coagulation and Flocculation Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13604","display_name":"Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activated-carbon","display_name":"activated carbon","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitellaria-paradoxa","display_name":"Vitellaria paradoxa","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-waste","display_name":"agricultural waste","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acid-activation","display_name":"acid activation","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/koh-activation","display_name":"KOH activation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphoric-acid-activation","display_name":"phosphoric acid activation","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonization","display_name":"carbonization","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorbent-characterization","display_name":"adsorbent characterization","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-density","display_name":"bulk density","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attrition","display_name":"attrition","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-functional-groups","display_name":"surface functional groups","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-of-zero-charge","display_name":"point of zero charge","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pore-structure","display_name":"pore structure","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-treatment","display_name":"wastewater treatment","score":0.9750000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206391251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186738","display_name":"Nut","level":2,"score":0.85420823097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.630774199962616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2230313","display_name":"Shell (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5786374807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.5208985805511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020017016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34007","display_name":"Cashew nut","level":2,"score":0.416779488325119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4116078317165375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.3896644711494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3843212127685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3741292357444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.3560400903224945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.2216290831565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.20494091510772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.16371020674705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1126413345336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.10521915555000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.04721221327781677}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224159","display_name":"FUDMA Journal of Sciences","issn_l":"2616-1370","issn":["2616-1370","2645-2944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404662838","host_organization_name":"Federal University, Dutsin-Ma","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404662838"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Federal University, Dutsin-Ma"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fjs.fudutsinma.edu.ng:article/2370","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://fjs.fudutsinma.edu.ng/index.php/index/article/view/2370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224159","display_name":"FUDMA Journal of Sciences","issn_l":"2616-1370","issn":["2616-1370","2645-2944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404662838","host_organization_name":"Federal University, Dutsin-Ma","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404662838"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Federal University, Dutsin-Ma"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2645-2944","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/jf7fm-zme59","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/jf7fm-zme59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/jf7fm-zme59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/zxv12-mpj80","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/zxv12-mpj80","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/zxv12-mpj80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0802-2370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210224159","display_name":"FUDMA Journal of Sciences","issn_l":"2616-1370","issn":["2616-1370","2645-2944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404662838","host_organization_name":"Federal University, Dutsin-Ma","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404662838"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Federal University, Dutsin-Ma"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"score":0.7778000235557556,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972440755","https://openalex.org/W1977567530","https://openalex.org/W1977953965","https://openalex.org/W1997999987","https://openalex.org/W2015881893","https://openalex.org/W2050526487","https://openalex.org/W2065157038","https://openalex.org/W2121834994","https://openalex.org/W2122291434","https://openalex.org/W2141455816","https://openalex.org/W2354116993","https://openalex.org/W2973312331","https://openalex.org/W3023864020","https://openalex.org/W3082509316","https://openalex.org/W4220797538","https://openalex.org/W4220872114","https://openalex.org/W4317569502","https://openalex.org/W4390976650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160073658","https://openalex.org/W3082364724","https://openalex.org/W2602454884","https://openalex.org/W4412149151","https://openalex.org/W3085951521","https://openalex.org/W4390250413","https://openalex.org/W2377105537","https://openalex.org/W7152592983","https://openalex.org/W2802759745","https://openalex.org/W6968250352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,45,107],"activated":[1,46,105],"carbons":[2,47,60],"(adsorbents)":[3],"prepared":[4,162],"in":[5,150,168],"this":[6],"study,":[7],"were":[8,31,48,64,76,121,126],"from":[9],"Vitellaria":[10],"paradoxa":[11],"nut":[12],"shell":[13],"following":[14],"the":[15,59,87,96,101,104,129,157,161],"two":[16],"steps":[17],"of":[18,53,58,72,89,98,103,109,112,132,156],"carbonization":[19],"and":[20,25,30,39,62,66,68,74,80,92,95,119,123,125,134,138,153],"activation":[21],"processes":[22],"using":[23,50],"H3PO4":[24,36],"KOH":[26,42],"as":[27,33],"activating":[28],"agents":[29],"labelled":[32],"HVP":[34,79,118,137,152],"for":[35,41,78,117,136],"modified":[37,43],"adsorbent":[38],"KVP":[40,81,120,139],"adsorbent.":[44],"characterized":[49],"standard":[51],"methods":[52],"analysis.":[54],"Bulk":[55],"density":[56],"(g/cm3)":[57],"(HVP":[61],"KVP)":[63],"0.72\u00b10.03":[65],"0.69\u00b10.05,":[67],"attrition":[69],"(%)":[70],"values":[71,108,131],"40.76\u00b10.16":[73],"42.37\u00b10.23":[75],"obtained":[77,84,116],"respectively.":[82,140],"Results":[83,155],"also":[85],"depict":[86],"presence":[88],"carboxyl":[90],"O-H":[91],"C-O":[93],"groups,":[94],"N-H":[97],"amine":[99],"on":[100],"surfaces":[102,144],"carbons.":[106],"pH":[110,130],"point":[111],"charge":[113],"zero":[114],"(pHzpc)":[115],"6.40":[122],"6.60":[124],"less":[127],"than":[128],"6.78\u00b10.00":[133],"7.18\u00b10.01":[135],"SEM":[141],"results":[142],"revealed":[143],"with":[145,147],"pores":[146],"different":[148],"dimensions":[149],"both":[151],"KVP.":[154],"study":[158],"suggest":[159],"that":[160],"adsorbents":[163],"can":[164],"be":[165],"effectively":[166],"applied":[167],"wastewater":[169],"treatment.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-05-12T00:00:00"}
