{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396806505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","title":"Preface","display_name":"Preface","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396806505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Conflict","raw_type":"book-section"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2918644914","display_name":"Conflict"},"type":"paratext","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084154888","display_name":"Neil D. Shortland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9496-4852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9496-4852"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Shortland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108729767","display_name":"Laurence J. Alison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence Alison","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103583777","display_name":"Joseph M. Moran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-592X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-592X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Moran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"xv","last_page":"xx"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":true,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14465","display_name":"Leadership, Behavior, and Decision-Making Studies","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14513","display_name":"Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decisional-conflict","display_name":"decisional conflict","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-inertia","display_name":"decision inertia","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-personnel","display_name":"military personnel","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war","display_name":"war","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-trauma","display_name":"psychological trauma","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-effects-of-war","display_name":"psychological effects of war","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-to-act","display_name":"failure to act","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-service-personnel","display_name":"emergency services personnel","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement-officers","display_name":"law enforcement officers","score":0.8579999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3366299867630005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623449.002.0007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Conflict","raw_type":"book-section"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.46149998903274536}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":289,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14225752","https://openalex.org/W19722951","https://openalex.org/W20021352","https://openalex.org/W31045409","https://openalex.org/W66424301","https://openalex.org/W78660545","https://openalex.org/W83216883","https://openalex.org/W88070676","https://openalex.org/W103270914","https://openalex.org/W164154268","https://openalex.org/W168967329","https://openalex.org/W188672340","https://openalex.org/W196396961","https://openalex.org/W199507671","https://openalex.org/W239261254","https://openalex.org/W333653561","https://openalex.org/W339464201","https://openalex.org/W347814298","https://openalex.org/W603666403","https://openalex.org/W610433001","https://openalex.org/W620894932","https://openalex.org/W625576558","https://openalex.org/W751099203","https://openalex.org/W759119502","https://openalex.org/W861484488","https://openalex.org/W1469046834","https://openalex.org/W1480446149","https://openalex.org/W1481900550","https://openalex.org/W1501067615","https://openalex.org/W1504793512","https://openalex.org/W1507918615","https://openalex.org/W1515158344","https://openalex.org/W1519257269","https://openalex.org/W1523757835","https://openalex.org/W1541559377","https://openalex.org/W1562511019","https://openalex.org/W1563505007","https://openalex.org/W1570321471","https://openalex.org/W1576234442","https://openalex.org/W1598181339","https://openalex.org/W1603883007","https://openalex.org/W1604060010","https://openalex.org/W1604801388","https://openalex.org/W1622042935","https://openalex.org/W1623168575","https://openalex.org/W1687400773","https://openalex.org/W1722810088","https://openalex.org/W1757559434","https://openalex.org/W1765940783","https://openalex.org/W1806535144","https://openalex.org/W1808040423","https://openalex.org/W1815588791","https://openalex.org/W1875760939","https://openalex.org/W1896027656","https://openalex.org/W1957564917","https://openalex.org/W1964927945","https://openalex.org/W1967246150","https://openalex.org/W1967352038","https://openalex.org/W1968404735","https://openalex.org/W1973745088","https://openalex.org/W1974463894","https://openalex.org/W1974638294","https://openalex.org/W1979309056","https://openalex.org/W1979326603","https://openalex.org/W1981268706","https://openalex.org/W1982345827","https://openalex.org/W1988174293","https://openalex.org/W1989388297","https://openalex.org/W1989658754","https://openalex.org/W1989995841","https://openalex.org/W1992102517","https://openalex.org/W1992192720","https://openalex.org/W1992531910","https://openalex.org/W1993506692","https://openalex.org/W1994413848","https://openalex.org/W1995586251","https://openalex.org/W1996272535","https://openalex.org/W1996769953","https://openalex.org/W1998128125","https://openalex.org/W2000011800","https://openalex.org/W2002182719","https://openalex.org/W2002651217","https://openalex.org/W2003522562","https://openalex.org/W2003644755","https://openalex.org/W2004156913","https://openalex.org/W2004751245","https://openalex.org/W2005013245","https://openalex.org/W2005050186","https://openalex.org/W2005108322","https://openalex.org/W2005618880","https://openalex.org/W2009500117","https://openalex.org/W2009543331","https://openalex.org/W2009814419","https://openalex.org/W2010041293","https://openalex.org/W2011086041","https://openalex.org/W2011545830","https://openalex.org/W2011747645","https://openalex.org/W2013343894","https://openalex.org/W2013419753","https://openalex.org/W2013431585","https://openalex.org/W2013860250","https://openalex.org/W2013974799","https://openalex.org/W2014511864","https://openalex.org/W2016019388","https://openalex.org/W2017186738","https://openalex.org/W2017602382","https://openalex.org/W2019856937","https://openalex.org/W2019862119","https://openalex.org/W2021641994","https://openalex.org/W2022738881","https://openalex.org/W2025902440","https://openalex.org/W2025975991","https://openalex.org/W2027360892","https://openalex.org/W2029165215","https://openalex.org/W2030406854","https://openalex.org/W2031416547","https://openalex.org/W2034235631","https://openalex.org/W2035782089","https://openalex.org/W2039382055","https://openalex.org/W2041022769","https://openalex.org/W2041032079","https://openalex.org/W2042730772","https://openalex.org/W2044050027","https://openalex.org/W2044249647","https://openalex.org/W2044781255","https://openalex.org/W2045055042","https://openalex.org/W2048600494","https://openalex.org/W2049496776","https://openalex.org/W2050237761","https://openalex.org/W2051000959","https://openalex.org/W2055889655","https://openalex.org/W2056226992","https://openalex.org/W2059293276","https://openalex.org/W2059434114","https://openalex.org/W2060622042","https://openalex.org/W2062907828","https://openalex.org/W2065967577","https://openalex.org/W2067393959","https://openalex.org/W2068945024","https://openalex.org/W2069336217","https://openalex.org/W2069710910","https://openalex.org/W2069757512","https://openalex.org/W2069872759","https://openalex.org/W2071500925","https://openalex.org/W2072666046","https://openalex.org/W2074332969","https://openalex.org/W2075915657","https://openalex.org/W2076374330","https://openalex.org/W2077139910","https://openalex.org/W2080542906","https://openalex.org/W2080764840","https://openalex.org/W2080862045","https://openalex.org/W2083647746","https://openalex.org/W2087087443","https://openalex.org/W2088845175","https://openalex.org/W2089328575","https://openalex.org/W2089927053","https://openalex.org/W2091106907","https://openalex.org/W2091449145","https://openalex.org/W2091888548","https://openalex.org/W2092316756","https://openalex.org/W2094735067","https://openalex.org/W2095039907","https://openalex.org/W2095248526","https://openalex.org/W2096456439","https://openalex.org/W2097723819","https://openalex.org/W2101954211","https://openalex.org/W2102395712","https://openalex.org/W2104256533","https://openalex.org/W2105558645","https://openalex.org/W2106997448","https://openalex.org/W2107421307","https://openalex.org/W2109421605","https://openalex.org/W2110930020","https://openalex.org/W2111179177","https://openalex.org/W2111992216","https://openalex.org/W2112072287","https://openalex.org/W2112524266","https://openalex.org/W2113401221","https://openalex.org/W2115104049","https://openalex.org/W2116577406","https://openalex.org/W2116736259","https://openalex.org/W2117204624","https://openalex.org/W2118706411","https://openalex.org/W2118826874","https://openalex.org/W2119225338","https://openalex.org/W2119623892","https://openalex.org/W2121642642","https://openalex.org/W2128483484","https://openalex.org/W2128498260","https://openalex.org/W2129606896","https://openalex.org/W2130046507","https://openalex.org/W2130173750","https://openalex.org/W2130191558","https://openalex.org/W2130203318","https://openalex.org/W2131000294","https://openalex.org/W2131698762","https://openalex.org/W2132887213","https://openalex.org/W2133122396","https://openalex.org/W2135735238","https://openalex.org/W2137819727","https://openalex.org/W2142175015","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2147773620","https://openalex.org/W2147851174","https://openalex.org/W2148962857","https://openalex.org/W2150631361","https://openalex.org/W2151794296","https://openalex.org/W2156485215","https://openalex.org/W2159057542","https://openalex.org/W2159071801","https://openalex.org/W2159699558","https://openalex.org/W2160888669","https://openalex.org/W2162620934","https://openalex.org/W2162971676","https://openalex.org/W2163340112","https://openalex.org/W2164337719","https://openalex.org/W2165201543","https://openalex.org/W2165977592","https://openalex.org/W2166508287","https://openalex.org/W2169694427","https://openalex.org/W2170636621","https://openalex.org/W2172004501","https://openalex.org/W2172052405","https://openalex.org/W2172080856","https://openalex.org/W2211482239","https://openalex.org/W2212401464","https://openalex.org/W2248023524","https://openalex.org/W2270803544","https://openalex.org/W2278638935","https://openalex.org/W2298318172","https://openalex.org/W2309706826","https://openalex.org/W2320263321","https://openalex.org/W2322877668","https://openalex.org/W2326331022","https://openalex.org/W2328180392","https://openalex.org/W2329799020","https://openalex.org/W2332550897","https://openalex.org/W2336901086","https://openalex.org/W2345336225","https://openalex.org/W2398286477","https://openalex.org/W2405833770","https://openalex.org/W2414284502","https://openalex.org/W2481273651","https://openalex.org/W2488221273","https://openalex.org/W2534241103","https://openalex.org/W2581501756","https://openalex.org/W2591809657","https://openalex.org/W2596504400","https://openalex.org/W2734711455","https://openalex.org/W2797824474","https://openalex.org/W2799213224","https://openalex.org/W2903577566","https://openalex.org/W2908542196","https://openalex.org/W2921629193","https://openalex.org/W2936089245","https://openalex.org/W2955599012","https://openalex.org/W2960103808","https://openalex.org/W2969927870","https://openalex.org/W2982074074","https://openalex.org/W2991370498","https://openalex.org/W3004849450","https://openalex.org/W3015849741","https://openalex.org/W3022037462","https://openalex.org/W3042965036","https://openalex.org/W3121217189","https://openalex.org/W3122130492","https://openalex.org/W3126022155","https://openalex.org/W3144900023","https://openalex.org/W3150029850","https://openalex.org/W3154497101","https://openalex.org/W3158107451","https://openalex.org/W3170344528","https://openalex.org/W3182396682","https://openalex.org/W3191555293","https://openalex.org/W4230172260","https://openalex.org/W4235618301","https://openalex.org/W4241553896","https://openalex.org/W4241735624","https://openalex.org/W4243997710","https://openalex.org/W4246722578","https://openalex.org/W4250053866","https://openalex.org/W4255683652","https://openalex.org/W4289258978","https://openalex.org/W4293586167","https://openalex.org/W4312849896","https://openalex.org/W4313425148","https://openalex.org/W6601017509","https://openalex.org/W6765699480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2918644914","https://openalex.org/W2792373824","https://openalex.org/W2916697626","https://openalex.org/W2935255685","https://openalex.org/W2916739525","https://openalex.org/W2807441679","https://openalex.org/W3035575480","https://openalex.org/W2916264847","https://openalex.org/W2915904590","https://openalex.org/W3019378960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"I":[0,27,32],"would":[1,28,33,353],"rather":[2,34],"go":[3,13],"down":[4],"this":[5,135,150,185,326],"street":[6],"and":[7,15,26,80,95,100,109,148,152,154,174,178,243,281,322],"get":[8,16,35],"in":[9,36,77,204,329],"a":[10,37,214,226,278],"firefight":[11,38],"than":[12,39],"back":[14],"blown":[17],"up":[18],"by":[19,289,301],"an":[20,41],"IED.":[21,42],"This":[22,43],"thought":[23],"was":[24],"resounding,":[25],"not":[29],"forget":[30],"it,":[31],"face":[40],"book":[44,119,159],"is":[45,120,189,231,341],"about":[46,121],"difficult":[47],"decisions.":[48,133],"It":[49,67],"explores":[50],"the":[51,84,105,122,139,161,169,175,192,232,251,319],"mental":[52],"conflict":[53,124,151,313],"that":[54,71,87,92,125,163,349],"people":[55,221],"experience":[56,106],"when":[57,128,153],"faced":[58,346],"with":[59,74,113,347],"choices":[60,86],"for":[61,98],"which":[62,110,205],"all":[63],"outcomes":[64],"appear":[65],"horrendous.":[66],"draws":[68],"on":[69,83],"interviews":[70],"we":[72,137,141,265,271,315,333],"conducted":[73],"real":[75,78,293],"soldiers1":[76],"situations":[79],"focuses":[81],"specifically":[82],"impossible":[85],"they":[88,126],"had":[89],"to":[90,130,146,191,202,209,213,225,250,253,285,291,304,309,317,335,344],"make\u2014choices":[91],"were":[93,102],"vivid":[94],"sometimes":[96],"upsetting":[97],"them":[99,114],"yet":[101],"part":[103],"of":[104,107,171,183,194,197,200,217,235,269,277,295,312,325],"war":[108],"have":[111,142],"stayed":[112],"throughout":[115],"their":[116,306],"lives.":[117],"The":[118,158],"internal":[123],"experienced":[127],"forced":[129],"make":[131,164],"\u201cleast-worst\u201d":[132],"In":[134,262],"book,":[136],"discuss":[138],"methods":[140],"used":[143],"(as":[144],"psychologists)":[145],"understand":[147,338],"measure":[149],"why":[155,270],"it":[156,230,340],"emerges.":[157],"describes":[160],"processes":[162],"choice":[165],"selection":[166],"so":[167,223],"difficult;":[168],"psychology":[170],"decisional":[172,296],"conflict;":[173],"immediate,":[176],"short-term,":[177],"longer":[179],"term":[180],"behavioral":[181],"consequences":[182],"experiencing":[184],"conflict.":[186],"Special":[187],"attention":[188],"directed":[190],"concept":[193],"\u201cdecision":[195],"inertia\u201d\u2014one":[196],"several":[198],"kinds":[199],"\u201cfailures":[201],"act\u201d":[203],"decision-makers":[206],"are":[207,222,274],"unable":[208],"calculate":[210],"and/or":[211],"commit":[212],"least-worst":[215,279],"course":[216],"action2":[218],"(normally":[219],"because":[220],"averse":[224],"bad":[227,234,256],"outcome\u2014even":[228],"if":[229],"least":[233],"two":[236],"or":[237],"more":[238,275],"awful":[239],"options).":[240],"Emergency":[241],"services":[242],"law":[244],"enforcement":[245],"personnel":[246],"seem":[247],"especially":[248],"prone":[249,284],"inability":[252],"tolerate":[254],"any":[255],"outcome\u2014the":[257],"military":[258],"far":[259],"less":[260,283],"so.":[261],"later":[263],"chapters,":[264],"sketch":[266],"our":[267],"analysis":[268],"think":[272],"soldiers":[273],"tolerant":[276],"option,":[280],"thus":[282],"decision":[286],"inertia.":[287],"Finally,":[288],"reference":[290],"many":[292],"cases":[294],"conflict,":[297],"as":[298,300],"well":[299],"asking":[302],"readers":[303,337],"consider":[305],"own":[307],"responses":[308],"different":[310],"types":[311],"scenarios,":[314],"hope":[316],"illustrate":[318],"fundamental":[320],"theoretical":[321],"practical":[323],"importance":[324],"concept.":[327],"And,":[328],"no":[330,350],"small":[331],"part,":[332],"want":[334],"help":[336],"what":[339],"really":[342],"like":[343],"be":[345],"options":[348],"sane":[351],"individual":[352],"willingly":[354],"choose.":[355]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-05-11T00:00:00"}
