{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396680475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","title":"400-Gbps Coherent Transmission of 100-Gbps QKD-Secured Data Stream Over 184-km of Standard Single Mode Fiber Through Three QKD Links and Two Trusted Nodes","display_name":"400-Gbps Coherent Transmission of 100-Gbps QKD-Secured Data Stream Over 184-km of Standard Single Mode Fiber Through Three QKD Links and Two Trusted Nodes","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396680475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2307745","display_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","issn_l":"0733-8724","issn":["0733-8724","1558-2213"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064517424","display_name":"Erwan Pincemin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-2457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-2457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Pincemin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-2457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087346494","display_name":"Paulette Gavignet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5935-2807","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5935-2807"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Gavignet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5935-2807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066941538","display_name":"Fabrice Herviou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Herviou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048275666","display_name":"Yann Loussouarn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-8408","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-8408"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Loussouarn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-8408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086695532","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Mondain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19370010","display_name":"Orange (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/035j0tq82","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Mondain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, Lannion, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19370010"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orange Innovation, 2 avenue Pierre Marzin, Lannion, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114339780","display_name":"A. J. Grant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1066-1597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1066-1597"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143477","display_name":"Toshiba (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/054hmd463","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. J. Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1066-1597","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"L. Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143477","display_name":"Toshiba (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/054hmd463","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019665288","display_name":"Robert I. Woodward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-494X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-494X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143477","display_name":"Toshiba (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/054hmd463","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. I. Woodward","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-494X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108081187","display_name":"J. F. Dynes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3598-0751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3598-0751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143477","display_name":"Toshiba (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/054hmd463","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. F. Dynes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109647087","display_name":"B. Summers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143477","display_name":"Toshiba (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/054hmd463","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Summers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113985039","display_name":"A. J. Shields","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4100-3489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4100-3489"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143477","display_name":"Toshiba (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/054hmd463","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. J. Shields","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4100-3489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Research Laboratory, Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Europe Limited, Cambridge Research Laboratory, Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054998239","display_name":"K. Taira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8255-8717","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8255-8717"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405274136","display_name":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/014ex0552","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Taira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 72-34 Horikawa-cho, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8255-8717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 72-34 Horikawa-cho, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H. Sato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3897-7844","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3897-7844"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405274136","display_name":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/014ex0552","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 72-34 Horikawa-cho, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3897-7844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 72-34 Horikawa-cho, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108795551","display_name":"R. Zink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8180-5832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8180-5832"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Zink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adva Network Security, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8180-5832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adva Network Security, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093072646","display_name":"V. Grempka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Grempka","raw_affiliation_strings":["ADTRAN Optical Networking SE, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ADTRAN Optical Networking SE, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093072647","display_name":"V. Castay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9783-4498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9783-4498"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Castay","raw_affiliation_strings":["ADTRAN Optical Networking SE, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9783-4498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ADTRAN Optical Networking SE, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. Zou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405274136","display_name":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/014ex0552","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adva Network Security, Berlin, Germany","Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 72-34 Horikawa-cho, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adva Network Security, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 72-34 Horikawa-cho, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757","https://openalex.org/I4405274136"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2495,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2495},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1851,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78816203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"12","first_page":"4302","last_page":"4309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.888700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.888700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.09910000115633011,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"quantum key distribution","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherent-optical-transmission","display_name":"coherent optical transmission","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/16-qam","display_name":"16-QAM","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-polarization","display_name":"dual polarization","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-nodes","display_name":"trusted nodes","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-key-rate","display_name":"secret key rate","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-bit-error-rate","display_name":"quantum bit error rate","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-transport-networks","display_name":"optical transport networks","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-single-mode-fiber","display_name":"standard single-mode fiber","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"optical signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"network security","score":0.3840000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.8464038372039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5404977798461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5266268849372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5121364593505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144901912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471906","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.47393542528152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444882","display_name":"Secure transmission","level":3,"score":0.4462510347366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.44501060247421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44259437918663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180861198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503585","display_name":"Single-mode optical fiber","level":3,"score":0.43059787154197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.42651334404945374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.397882878780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3403588533401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2751019597053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2048686444759369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.19545727968215942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.1796945333480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17514875531196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2024.3397042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2307745","display_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","issn_l":"0733-8724","issn":["0733-8724","1558-2213"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011725149","https://openalex.org/W2055378591","https://openalex.org/W2116876232","https://openalex.org/W2535663847","https://openalex.org/W2552390333","https://openalex.org/W2759267006","https://openalex.org/W2802599105","https://openalex.org/W2906912138","https://openalex.org/W2948602808","https://openalex.org/W3008629526","https://openalex.org/W4226208667","https://openalex.org/W4294811236","https://openalex.org/W4295222502","https://openalex.org/W4324125205","https://openalex.org/W4377082470","https://openalex.org/W4387682045","https://openalex.org/W4393139666","https://openalex.org/W4393144455","https://openalex.org/W6757289982"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393139666","https://openalex.org/W4246758730","https://openalex.org/W2530119237","https://openalex.org/W2040559996","https://openalex.org/W2759267006","https://openalex.org/W7163687714","https://openalex.org/W2909931953","https://openalex.org/W2960919525","https://openalex.org/W2776138266","https://openalex.org/W2106360401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Security":[0],"of":[1,8,23,44,107,116,127,154,176,201,221,250,264,275,286,300],"data":[2,17,45,165],"transported":[3],"in":[4,120,311,326],"telecommunication":[5],"networks":[6,110],"is":[7,19,295],"primary":[9],"importance":[10],"for":[11,32,132,137],"internet":[12],"service":[13],"providers":[14],"(ISP)":[15],"as":[16,124],"safety":[18],"at":[20,172],"the":[21,24,56,102,114,121,125,135,152,197,202,204,218,223,251,261,266,272,276,281,287,292,301],"basis":[22],"mutual":[25],"trust":[26],"with":[27,86,167,291],"customers.":[28],"People":[29],"were":[30],"looking":[31],"theoretically":[33],"secure":[34],"transmission":[35,153],"techniques":[36],"since":[37],"a":[38,62,72,83,128,138,155,231,314],"long-time":[39],"to":[40,76,101,141,271,280],"ensure":[41],"long-term":[42],"confidentiality":[43],"flows":[46],"exchanged":[47],"on":[48,212,217,230,248,260],"these":[49],"networks.":[50,331],"Besides":[51],"advanced":[52,303],"encryption":[53],"algorithms":[54],"and":[55,95,189,192,207,226,238,246,305,317,321],"recently":[57,81],"proposed":[58,71],"post-quantum":[59],"cryptography":[60],"(PQC),":[61],"physics-based":[63],"technology":[64],"using":[65],"quantum":[66,139,205,239,293],"key":[67,140,206,235],"distribution":[68],"(QKD)":[69],"was":[70],"long":[73],"time":[74],"ago":[75],"approach":[77],"this":[78,148],"objective.":[79],"QKD":[80,98,118,184,224,304,320],"gained":[82],"renewed":[84],"interest":[85],"many":[87],"research":[88],"programs":[89],"worldwide":[90],"supported":[91],"by":[92],"public":[93],"authorities,":[94],"some":[96,105],"pre-industrial":[97],"systems":[99,119],"delivered":[100],"market.":[103],"However,":[104],"constraints":[106],"optical":[108,145,273,282,329],"transport":[109,330],"make":[111],"sometimes":[112],"complicated":[113],"deployment":[115],"such":[117,123],"field,":[122],"need":[126],"dedicated":[129],"fiber":[130,180,253],"infrastructure":[131],"QKD,":[133],"or":[134,279],"impossibility":[136],"pass":[142],"through":[143,182],"an":[144],"amplifier.":[146],"In":[147],"paper,":[149],"we":[150],"report":[151],"coherent":[156],"400-Gbps":[157],"dual-polarization":[158],"16QAM":[159],"channel":[160],"that":[161,319],"transports":[162],"QKD-secured":[163],"100-GbEthernet":[164],"stream":[166],"other":[168],"fifty-four":[169],"WDM":[170,208,227,277,288,306,322],"channels":[171,289],"100-Gbps":[173],"over":[174],"184-km":[175],"standard":[177],"single":[178],"mode":[179],"(SSMF)":[181],"three":[183,252],"links":[185],"(of":[186],"66-km,":[187,190],"50-km":[188,222],"respectively)":[191],"two":[193,198,213],"trusted":[194],"nodes.":[195],"On":[196],"longest":[199],"sections":[200],"link,":[203],"signals":[209],"are":[210,244,257],"propagated":[211],"different":[214],"fibers,":[215],"while":[216],"shortest":[219],"section":[220,263],"signal":[225,294],"comb":[228],"co-propagate":[229],"same":[232],"fiber.":[233],"Secret":[234],"rates":[236],"(SKR)":[237],"bit":[240],"error":[241],"rate":[242],"(QBER)":[243],"measured":[245],"reported":[247,308],"each":[249],"sections.":[254],"Various":[255],"analyses":[256],"carried":[258],"out":[259],"co-propagation":[262],"50-km:":[265],"SKR":[267],"/":[268],"QBER":[269],"sensitivity":[270],"power":[274],"comb,":[278],"signal-to-noise":[283],"ratio":[284],"(OSNR)":[285],"co-propagating":[290],"studied.":[296],"The":[297],"unique":[298],"arrangement":[299],"most":[302],"technologies":[307],"here":[309],"constitutes,":[310],"our":[312],"opinion,":[313],"world":[315],"first,":[316],"demonstrates":[318],"solutions":[323],"can":[324],"coexist":[325],"already":[327],"deployed":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-05-07T00:00:00"}
